Search

Mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) deficiency is a fatty acid oxidation disorder associated with a spectrum of phenotypes. Patients with high residual enzyme activity tend to have milder phenotypes, and recently, fever‐induced episodic myopathy was reported in association with a thermosensitive form of MTP deficiency. We report a 10‐year‐old male with recurrent episodes of acute flaccid paralysis involving upper and lower extremities in association with bulbar muscle weakness in the context of febrile illness, a phenotype reminiscent of recurrent periodic paralysis. The episodes started at the age of 3 years and have always been followed by full recovery within 1–2 weeks with no residual weakness. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous c.2132C > T, p.(Pro711Leu) variant in HADHA. The variant leads to mildly reduced long‐chain hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) and long‐chain ketoacyl‐CoA thiolase (LCKAT) enzyme activities and reduced MTP protein expression in patient's fibroblasts when cultured at 37°C. Enzyme activities and MTP protein expression diminished when fibroblasts were cultured at 40°C. This is the first published report of confirmed recurrent periodic paralysis as a manifestation of a thermosensitive form of MTP deficiency, and it calls for this condition to be considered when evaluating patients with recurrent periodic paralysis given therapeutic implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zinc (Zn) is an essential element for plants. Numerous proteins in different cellular compartments require Zn for their structure and function. Zn can be toxic when it accumulates in high levels in the cytoplasm. Therefore, Zn homeostasis at tissue, cell, and organelle levels is vital for plant growth. A part of the metal tolerance protein (MTP) / Cation Diffusion Facilitator (CDF) transporters functions as Zn transporters, exporting Zn from the cytosol to various membrane compartments. In Arabidopsis thaliana, MTP1, MTP2, MTP3, MTP4, MTP5, and MTP12 are classified as Zn transporters (Zn-CDF). In this study, we systematically analyzed the localization of GFP-fused Zn-CDFs in the leaf epidermal cells of Nicotiana benthamiana. As previously reported, MTP1 and MTP3 were localized to tonoplast, MTP2 to endoplasmic reticulum, and MTP5 to Golgi. In addition, we identified the localization of MTP4 to trans-Golgi Network (TGN). Since MTP4 is specifically expressed in pollen, we analyzed the localization of MTP4-GFP in the Arabidopsis pollen tubes and confirmed that it is in the TGN. We also showed the Zn transport capability of MTP4 in yeast cells. We then analyzed the phenotype of an mtp4 T-DNA insertion mutant under both limited and excess Zn conditions. We found that their growth and fertility were not largely different from the wild-type. Our study has paved the way for investigating the possible roles of MTP4 in metallating proteins in the secretory pathway or in exporting excess Zn through exocytosis. In addition, our system of GFP-fused MTPs will help study the mechanisms for targeting transporters to specific membrane compartments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The copper mold of the micro-triangular pyramid (MTP) is a key component of MTP plastic film manufacturing, and its optical functional surface comprises micro-triangular pyramid arrays (MTPAs). The edge burrs of MTPAs severely affect the optical properties of MTP plastic film. To solve the problem of excessive edge burr of MTPA machining using the fly-cutting method, the orthogonal experimental method was used to optimize the four influencing factors: fly-cutting speed, feed speed, cutting depth, and cooling mode. The results show that the impact of these influencing factors on surface roughness, the projected area of the exit edge burr, and exit edge burr thickness are ranked from largest to the smallest as follows: fly-cutting speed, feed speed, cutting depth, and cooling mode. The factors affecting tool nose wear in descending order are fly-cutting speed, feed speed, cooling mode, and cutting depth. The optimal conditions for minimizing the thickness of the edge burr were a fly-cutting speed of 7.85 m/s, a feed speed of 50 mm/min, a finishing cutting depth of 15 μm, and using compressed air with oil mist for cooling. This study lays a foundation for improving the anti-reflection performance of MTP plastic film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable Development Goal-3, as defined by the United Nations, aims to ensure healthy lives, and promote well-being for all at all ages. In the context of Bangladesh, achieving the targets of SDG-3 is a critical priority for public health and development. This study presents a data-driven exploration of SDG-3 in Bangladesh, focusing on maternal and child health indicators. We utilized data from multiple Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 2011, 2014, and 2018 to provide a comprehensive analysis of health-related trends and determinants. We employed rigorous statistical techniques, including backward stepwise logistic regression and Pearson correlation coefficients, to uncover insights into the status of maternal and child health in Bangladesh. The prevalence of safe childbirth practices exhibited a gradual improvement from 2011 (32.5%) to 2018 (50.2%). Notably, women with higher levels of education demonstrated a significantly higher likelihood of safe childbirth practices (odd ratio = 1.73, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.19 – 1.97). Additionally, residing in urban regions (odd ratio = 1.07, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.96 – 1.39), having access to mass media (odd ratio = 1.34, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.98 – 1.41), receiving antenatal care (odd ratio = 1.62, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.16 – 1.92), being in the rich wealth index category (odd ratio = 1.13, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.92 – 1.39), and choosing to deliver outside the home (odd ratio = 1.48, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.11 – 1.86) were all associated with a higher likelihood of safe childbirth practices. The findings from this study show the power of data-driven decision-making in shaping health policies and interventions. They reveal critical factors affecting health outcomes, offering a roadmap for policymakers and stakeholders to design evidence-based strategies for improving maternal and child health in Bangladesh. This proposed work not only contributes to the academic understanding of public health in Bangladesh but also serves as a practical guide for those working to achieve SDG-3. As Bangladesh continues its journey toward health and well-being for all, this study sets a benchmark for evidence-based policymaking, emphasizing the importance of data-driven perspectives in the pursuit of SDG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intestinal epithelial cells convert excess fatty acids into triglyceride (TAG) for storage in cytoplasmic lipid droplets and secretion in chylomicrons. Nuclear lipid droplets (nLDs) are present in intestinal cells but their origin and relationship to cytoplasmic TAG synthesis and secretion is unknown. nLDs and related lipid-associated promyelocytic leukemia structures (LAPS) were abundant in oleate-treated Caco2 but less frequent in other human colorectal cancer cell lines and mouse intestinal organoids. nLDs and LAPS in undifferentiated oleate-treated Caco2 cells harbored the phosphatidate phosphatase Lipin1, its product diacylglycerol, and CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT)α. CCTα knockout Caco2 cells had fewer but larger nLDs, indicating a reliance on de novo PC synthesis for assembly. Differentiation of Caco2 cells caused large nLDs and LAPS to form regardless of oleate treatment or CCTα expression. nLDs and LAPS in Caco2 cells did not associate with apoCIII and apoAI and formed dependently of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein expression and activity, indicating they are not derived from endoplasmic reticulum luminal LDs precursors. Instead, undifferentiated Caco2 cells harbored a constitutive pool of nLDs and LAPS in proximity to the nuclear envelope that expanded in size and number with oleate treatment. Inhibition of TAG synthesis did affect the number of nascent nLDs and LAPS but prevented their association with promyelocytic leukemia protein, Lipin1α, and diacylglycerol, which instead accumulated on the nuclear membranes. Thus, nLD and LAPS biogenesis in Caco2 cells is not linked to lipoprotein secretion but involves biogenesis and/or expansion of nascent nLDs by de novo lipid synthesis.

Diastolic dysfunction is a major cardiac dysfunction, and an important predisposing factor is age. Although exercise training is often used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease nowadays, little is currently known about whether exercise interventions associated with the slowing of cardiac aging are related to mtp‐related pathways. In the present study, the UAS/Tub‐Gal4 system was used to knockdown whole‐body mtp expression levels in Drosophila, which underwent 2 weeks of endurance training. By conducting different assays and quantifying different indicators, we sought to investigate the relationship between mtp, exercise, and age‐related diastolic dysfunction. We found that (1) Drosophila in the mtpRNAi youth group exhibited age‐related diastolic dysfunction and had a significantly shorter mean lifespan. (2) Endurance exercise could improve diastolic dysfunction and prolong lifespan in aged Drosophila. (3) Endurance exercise could increase the expression levels of apolpp and Acox3, and decrease the levels of TC, LDL‐C, and TG in the aged group. In summary, aging causes age‐associated diastolic dysfunction in Drosophila, and systemic knockdown of mtp causes premature age‐associated diastolic dysfunction in young Drosophila. Besides, endurance exercise improves age‐related diastolic dysfunction and prolongs lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Unsafe abortion is a neglected women's health issue in India and in many developing nations because maternal mortality and morbidity due to unsafe abortions can easily be prevented when women have access to safe abortion services. We are in a quest of a suitable MTP option for rural India. Electric vacuum aspiration (EVA) succeeded over dilation & curettage as the former is less painful, less time consuming, having lower complication rates and lower maternal mortality. This might serve purpose of remote India to some extent. Material & method: This work was carried out in Post partum centre and Obstetrics & Gynaecology department, hi-tech Medical College and hospital, bhubaneswar during the period July2021-July2023. The cases were pregnant women <12 weeks of gestation attending OBGYN dept of hi-tech medical college and hospital, bhubaneswar for MTP. A total number of 200 patients were studied; out of which 100 patients underwent MVA and the remaining 100 EVA. Result: The mean + SD blood loss is 40 + 10.739 for MVA and 44.88 + 11.296 for EVA. Applying independent sample test, the p value is 0.003. hence MVA is associated with statistically significant less blood loss. In the present study, MVA was effective in 97% and EVA 98% cases, thus the two procedure did not show much difference as far as their effectiveness is concerned. Conclusion: Manual vacuum aspiration is a safe and effective alternative to traditional electric vacuum aspiration. It is also relatively easy to perform and requires simple training for the health care provider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the potential of digitalization to improve participants' skills in the agri-food market. The topic of improving technical mechanisms and software technologies aimed at the qualitative development of e-education in Russia is being updated. The problems of providing the agri-food market with skilled personnel are analyzed. The problems of terminological uncertainty concerning the concepts of digitalization and distance education in computer sciences (informatics), information sciences, and other related scientific fields that have a negative impact on the overall wide turnover of scientific research, are touched upon. The authors propose a single generalized nonhierarchical technological model of the organization of e-education, schematically describing a set of software technologies in the form of a cloud telecommunications system. Particularly, it is recommended to use multicasting technologies and adaptive network means of signal delivery to promote educational content in the form of internet television. The basic integrative network tools and protocols for the specific organization of electronic educational activities via internet television are technically annotated. The conclusions briefly and conceptually reflect the course of the research, as well as the logic of the material analyzed by the authors, summarizing the research work done and to provide some recommendations for the operation of multicasting technology in the form of internet television in Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During the Covid-19 pandemic, reproductive health of women was disproportionately affected due to difficult access to safe abortion and contraceptive services. This study aims to assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the prevalence of MTP cases and to find out the clinicodemographic profiles of women undergoing MTP during three Covid-waves in different hospitals-Government and private sectors in India. Methods: This retrospective multicentric cohort study was conducted during three Covid-19 pandemic waves. The records were retrieved from the centers' medical record section and the MTP register from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Results: On an average, 1.1 women/day underwent MTP during covid waves compared to 1.9 women/day during the pre-covid 2019. The first Covid wave's average MTP/day was very low (0.71) compared to the third (2.88) and second wave (1.12), respectively. These differences were statistically significant (p<0.0001). The most common indication for MTP was contraceptive failure 245(50.9%), followed by eugenic/congenital anomalies 88(18.9%). A total of 244 cases (50.6%) reported for MTP ≤ seven weeks and 114(23.6%) presented between 7 and 12 weeks. More than half (54%) of the women underwent surgical methods for abortion as the unavailability of medical abortion (MA) drugs. IUCD and sterilization were severely affected during the first and second Covid waves. Conclusion: Safe abortions are essential services for reproductive-age women. With the uncertainty of future Covid-like an emergency, we should strengthen our telemedicine network so that women can reach out early and MMA can be initiated to reduce the number of surgical abortions and unwanted pregnancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background We developed a 2-stage, MTP (metatarsophalangeal) joint- plus ADM (abductor digiti minimi) tendon-transfer, procedure for treatment of hypoplastic thumb. This method is intended to achieve both structural and functional goals of reconstruction. Structurally, it preserves a five-digit hand with minimal donor site complications. Functionally, it provides a functioning opposable thumb. Case presentation The case series included 7 patients with type IV hypoplastic thumb. At the first stage non-vascularized joint (not bone) was transplanted. In the second stage abductor digiti minimi tendon was transferred. Patients were followed for a median 5-yr period (range: 37–79 months). Functional outcome was assessed using a modified Percival assessment tool. Participants aged 17 to 36 months at the time of surgery with (2 male, 4 female). All patients were able to grasp large and small objects after the procedure. The thumb tip could actively move to touch the tips of index (2 patients) middle, ring, and little fingers (all patients) in an ulnar ward sequence and vice versa. All patients attained the ability to do lateral, palmar, and tripod pinch. As for donor site complications, none of the patients were found to have difficulty walking or keeping their balance. Conclusions An alternative surgical procedure was developed to reconstruct a hypoplastic thumb. We obtained a good functional and cosmetic outcome with few donor site complications. Future studies will be needed to determine the long-term outcomes, to refine the selection criteria and to examine the necessity of additional procedure at the older ages.

The comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings (IOTs) not only resolved environmental problems but also brought huge economic benefits. In this study, the synthetic route presented herein provides a novel method for the synthesis of ZSM-5 microspheres from IOTs. The effects of Si/Al molar ratios and the pH of the precursor solution on the formation of zeolite was evaluated by various analytical methods. The catalytic performance of the catalyst prepared by the solid-phase conversion method (denoted as MP-ZSM-5) was evaluated by methanol-to-propylene (MTP) reaction. Compared with the zeolite catalyst that synthesized via the conventional hydrothermal method (denoted as HM-ZSM-5), MP-ZSM-5 not only prolongs catalytic lifetime from 18.7 to 36.0 h but also has higher selectivity for propylene by MP-ZSM-5 (43.7%) than that for HM-ZSM-5 (38.6%). In addition, Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) model is applied to the TG result to study the template removal process kinetics. The average activation energy values required for the removal of CTAB and TPABr are 201.11 ± 13.42 and 326.88 ± 16.91 kJ∙mol−1, respectively. Furthermore, this result is well coupled with the model-free kinetic algorithms to determine the conversion and isoconversion of the TPABr and CTAB decomposition in ZSM-5, which serves as important guidelines for the industrial production process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The most common indications for revision of first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) arthrodesis are symptomatic failures of prior arthrodesis, failed hallux valgus correction, and failed MTPJ arthroplasty implants. However, the outcomes of revision MTPJ arthrodesis have rarely been studied. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical, radiographic, and patient-reported outcomes of revision MTPJ arthrodesis following different primary procedures. Methods: A retrospective review of revision MTPJ arthrodesis cases between January 2015 and December 2019 was performed. The radiographic results, patient-reported outcomes, and rates of complications, subsequent revisions, and nonunions, were analyzed and compared preoperatively and postoperatively. A multivariate analysis was utilized to determine risk factors for complications and reoperations. Results: This study yielded a total of 79 cases of revision MTPJ arthrodesis. The mean follow-up time was 365 days (SD ± 295). The overall complication rate was 40.5%, of which the overall nonunion rate was 19.0%. Seven cases (8.9%) required further revision surgery. The multivariate analysis revealed that Diabetes mellitus was associated with significantly higher overall complication rates (p = 0.016), and nonunion was associated with "in-situ" joint preparation techniques (p = 0.042). Visual Analog Scale (VAS) significantly improved postoperatively (p < 0.001); However, PROMIS-10 physical health and PROMIS-10 mental health did not change significantly during the study period. Conclusion: Treatment of MTPJ surgery failures is a clinical challenge in orthopedic surgery. In our study, revision of first MTPJ surgery resulted in higher nonunion rates and overall complication rates compared to typical outcomes from primary MTPJ arthrodesis. Diabetes, Tobacco use, and "in-situ" joint preparation technique were found to be independent risk factors for complications and reoperations. Level of evidence: III—Retrospective Cohort Study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We developed a 2-stage, MTP (metatarsophalangeal) joint- plus ADM (abductor digiti minimi) tendon-transfer, procedure for treatment of hypoplastic thumb. This method is intended to achieve both structural and functional goals of reconstruction. Structurally, it preserves a five-digit hand with minimal donor site complications. Functionally, it provides a functioning opposable thumb. Case presentation: The case series included 7 patients with type IV hypoplastic thumb. At the first stage non-vascularized joint (not bone) was transplanted. In the second stage abductor digiti minimi tendon was transferred. Patients were followed for a median 5-yr period (range: 37–79 months). Functional outcome was assessed using a modified Percival assessment tool. Participants aged 17 to 36 months at the time of surgery with (2 male, 4 female). All patients were able to grasp large and small objects after the procedure. The thumb tip could actively move to touch the tips of index (2 patients) middle, ring, and little fingers (all patients) in an ulnar ward sequence and vice versa. All patients attained the ability to do lateral, palmar, and tripod pinch. As for donor site complications, none of the patients were found to have difficulty walking or keeping their balance. Conclusions: An alternative surgical procedure was developed to reconstruct a hypoplastic thumb. We obtained a good functional and cosmetic outcome with few donor site complications. Future studies will be needed to determine the long-term outcomes, to refine the selection criteria and to examine the necessity of additional procedure at the older ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effects of boron (B) and crucial interplay between NaOH and TPABr during the synthesis of seed-induced H-B-ZSM-5 for designing effective MTP catalysts. Various characterization techniques were employed to examine the impact of these factors on the physiochemical properties of the synthesized catalysts. The findings reveal that boron incorporation leads to an 81 % increase in catalyst stability and a 5.5 % increase in selectivity to light olefins. A critical interplay between NaOH concentration and TPABr content was also found in optimizing crystallinity, morphology, acidity and surface area. The crystallinity, Al distribution homogeneity, and average pore size initially increase before decreasing with increasing NaOH concentration. The research highlights the pivotal role of TPABr, which interacts with NaOH to profoundly impact catalyst performance. The synthesized catalyst H-B-ZSM-5, prepared with TPABr/20SiO 2 = 0.65 and Na 2 O/20SiO 2 = 1.69, exhibits excellent performance, achieving 99 % conversion and 83 % light olefin selectivity with minimal byproduct formation during a 170-h test at a high WHSV methanol equal to 8 h−1. [Display omitted] • Inverted U-shape relation between NaOH and crystallinity, Al homogeneity, mesoporosity. • Na₂O/SiO₂ ratio shifts crystal growth from birth-and-spread to adhesive-type mechanism. • Catalyst Z-0.65-1.69 shows 99 % conversion, 83 % light olefin selectivity. • Study reveals intricate interplay between TPABr and NaOH, dictating MTP performance. • Catalyst lifetime increased from 6 to 170 h in MTO reactions by NaOH/TPABr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Axonal peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) deficiency and long‐chain 3‐hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency that is usually considered progressive. Current treatment strategies are not able to fully prevent neuropathic symptoms in the majority of patients. We herein report three sisters with genetically proven MTP deficiency who were untreated until adolescence, when electrophysiological studies first revealed isolated axonal sensory neuropathy. Apart from mild exercise intolerance and missing deep tendon reflexes of the lower extremities, all three girls were clinically asymptomatic. A fat‐reduced and fat‐modified diet together with a reduction of the nocturnal fasting time resulted in complete normalisation of the electrophysiological studies after 1 year of dietary treatment. Our findings suggest that neuropathy might be responsive to dietary interventions in MTP patients at a very early stage of disease.

Abstract Mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) deficiency is an ultrarare hereditary recessive disorder causing a broad spectrum of phenotypes with lethal infantile cardiomyopathy at the most severe end. Attenuated forms with polyneuropathy have been reported combined with myoglobinuria or rhabdomyolysis as key features. We here report three young adults (two siblings) in which three variants in the HADHB‐gene were identified. All three cases had a similar mild phenotype with axonal neuropathy and frequent intermittent weakness episodes but without myoglobinuria. Special dietary precautions were recommended to minimize complications especially during infections and other catabolic states. MTP deficiency is therefore an important differential diagnosis in patients with milder fluctuating neuromuscular symptoms. Take‐home message Axonal neuropathy and recurrent muscular weakness without concomitant rhabdomyolysis may be due to MTP deficiency.

HIV-associated lipodystrophy (HIVLD) is a metabolic condition with an irregularity in the production of lipoprotein particles, and its occurrence varies among HIV-infected patients. MTP and ABCG2 genes have a role in the transport of lipoproteins. The polymorphisms of MTP -493G/T and ABCG2 34G/A affect its expression and influence the secretion and transportation of lipoproteins. Hence, we investigated the MTP -493G/T and ABCG2 34G/A polymorphisms in 187 HIV-infected patients (64 with HIVLD and 123 without HIVLD) along with 139 healthy controls using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism and expression analysis using real-time PCR. ABCG2 34A allele showed an insignificantly reduced risk of LDHIV severity [P = 0.07, odds ratio (OR) = 0.55]. MTP -493T allele exhibited a non-significantly reduced risk for the development of dyslipidemia (P = 0.08, OR = 0.71). In patients with HIVLD, the ABCG2 34GA genotype was linked with impaired low-density lipoprotein levels and showed a reduced risk for LDHIV severity (P = 0.04, OR = 0.17). In patients without HIVLD, the ABCG2 34GA genotype was associated with impaired triglyceride levels with marginal significance and showed an increased risk for the development of dyslipidemia (P = 0.07, OR = 2.76). The expression level of MTP gene was 1.22-fold decreased in patients without HIVLD compared with that in patients with HIVLD. ABCG2 gene was upregulated 2.16-fold in patients with HIVLD than in patients without HIVLD. In conclusion, MTP -493C/T polymorphism influences the expression level of MTP in patients without HIVLD. Individuals without HIVLD having ABCG2 34GA genotype with impaired triglyceride levels may facilitate dyslipidemia risk.

Copyright of Automatisierungstechnik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of América Latina Hoy is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Automatisierungstechnik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint fusion with Kirschner (K) -wire fixation remains a popular strategy for hammertoe correction. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of length of wire fixation on clinical outcomes. A retrospective review of all hammertoe reconstructions by a single surgeon was performed. Wire length was chosen at the surgeon's discretion. Outcomes were assessed with metatarsophalangeal (MTP) congruency, pin complications, and PIP union. 157 toes underwent reconstruction. Seventy had wires that spanned the MTP and 87 that did not. Wire breaks were significantly more common with longer wire fixation (P =.024). MTP incongruency was significantly more common in the MTP group (P =.014). Pin breakage was rare and only occurred in the MTP group. MTP incongruence was significantly more common in the MTP group but may not reflect surgical technique. PIP union was more common with longer wire fixation but is not clinically significant. III [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: It is well-established that the heart regulates systemic lipid metabolism, but the exact molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. A high-fat diet (HFD) can lead to systemic lipid overload and a range of cardiac dysfunctions such as arrhythmias, fibrillation and reduced contractility. Although pharmacological treatment is often effective, there are always side effects. Accordingly, exercise training represents an effective alternative intervention to medication. In this experiment, we established a high-fat Drosophila model by HFD feeding and conducted exercise training intervention to investigate whether the exercise intervention altered the expression of the target gene (mtp), thus affecting systemic lipid metabolism and cardiac function. Our results suggest that specific knockdown of mtp mitigates HFD-induced elevation of systemic triglycerides and protects cardiac contractility to some extent. Further analysis showed that exercise training could upregulate the expression of mtp to restore dysregulated systemic lipid metabolism and cardiac function induced by HFD. Overall, we explored the important role of mtp in systemic lipid metabolism and cardiac function, providing new insights for future clinical studies related to lipotoxic cardiomyopathy and the potential use of exercise training to treat abnormal lipid metabolism and cardiac dysfunction due to HFD. Current evidence suggests that the heart plays an important role in regulating systemic lipid homeostasis, and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is a major cause of cardiovascular disease, although little is known about the specific mechanisms involved. Exercise training can reportedly improve abnormal lipid metabolism and cardiac dysfunction induced by high-fat diets; however, the molecular mechanisms are not yet understood. In the present study, to explore the relationship between exercise training and cardiac mtp in HFD flies and potential mechanisms by which exercise training affects HFD flies, Drosophila was selected as a model organism, and the GAL4/UAS system was used to specifically knock down the target gene. Experiments revealed that HFD-fed Drosophila exhibited changes in body weight, increased triglycerides (TG) and dysregulated cardiac contractility, consistent with observations in mammals. Interestingly, inhibition of cardiac mtp expression reduced HFD-induced cardiac damage and mitigated the increase in triglycerides. Further studies showed that in HFD +w1118, HFD + Hand > w1118, and HFD+ Hand > mtpRNAi, cardiac mtp expression downregulation induced by HFD was treated by exercise training and mitochondrial β-oxidation capacity in cardiomyocytes was reversed. Overall, knocking down mtp in the heart prevented an increase in systemic TG levels and protected cardiac contractility from damage caused by HFD, similar to the findings observed after exercise training. Moreover, exercise training upregulated the decrease in cardiac mtp expression induced by HFD. Increased Had1 and Acox3 expression were observed, consistent with changes in cardiac mtp expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly efficient catalyst is the core for the conversion of methanol to propylene (MTP). The deactivated TS-1 zeolite (De-TS-1) derived from the industrial ammoximation process has been successfully applied in the MTP reaction. After a series of systematic characterizations, the Si-OH groups adjacent to open Ti species (Si-OH(Ti) groups) were identified to be the active centers for the MTP reaction. Through further P modification on the acid-washed H-De-TS-1 zeolite, the obtained H-De-TS-1–0.4 P zeolite showed a better performance in the reaction. The total olefins selectivity and the single-run lifetime reached 87.9% and 91 h respectively and the hydrogen transfer index was as low as 0.11. This improvement could be attributed to the attenuated acid properties of H-De-TS-1–0.4 P zeolite, which suppressed the hydrogen transfer reactions, aromatization reactions and promoted the formation of olefins. During the process of P modification, phosphoric acid not only reacted with the Si-OH(Ti) groups to decrease the amount and strength of Brønsted acid sites, but also interacted with Ti-OH groups to transform the tetrahedral Ti species into octahedral ones and meanwhile decreased the amount and strength of Lewis acid sites. [Display omitted] • Si-(OH)Ti sites in the deactivated TS-1 were identified to be the active centers for the MTP reaction. • Phosphorus modification has been successfully applied on the deactivated TS-1. • Phosphoric acid reacted with not only the Si-OH(Ti), but also the Ti-OH. • The deactivated TS-1 as industrial discard solid waste was successfully recycled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lesser metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints instability is usually produced by the rupture of the plantar plate. The treatment algorithm may change in patients with advanced stages of the plantar plate rupture, and surgical treatment is proposed to avoid MTP dislocation. Palliative surgery with minimally invasive surgery (MIS) can offer a less aggressive approach and enable excellent clinical correction and a good function. The authors proposed an algorithm for MIS treatment of MTP instability based on a combination of different osseous and/or soft tissues surgical procedures that the authors will combine differently depending on the evolution degree., Competing Interests: Disclosure M. de Prado: Integra lifesciences: speaker/consultant payments, Elsevier editorial: author payments, About your health editorial: author payments., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: The women who have been pregnant more than four times are fewer than 18or over 35-years-old, or have at least one medical issue before or during pregnancy, the pregnancy is considered high-risk. Increased maternal and foetal mortality and morbidity are linked to these risk factors. MTP in itself is a blind and risky procedure and performing it in High Risk Pregnancy (HRP) is a challenge for obstetrics and gynecology personnel. When performed with all pre, intra and post-op precautions, results are good and patient-friendly. Aims and Objectives: Aims of the study were to calculate the number, high-risk factors, method used, and its outcome of MTP in HRP. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective observational study done at QMH, KGMU, Lucknow performed on subjects admitted for MTP from January 2018 to December 2018. Total admitted patients seeking MTP were 450 out of which 93 belonged to High-Risk Group who underwent surgical and medical abortion accordingly. All precautions and norms defined by Govt. of India were taken care of. Cases were evaluated on the basis of high-risk factors- Age, parity, obstetrical and medical illnesses, and interval since last delivery. Results: Out of 93 high-risk cases, 88 cases were of 1st trimester and 5 were of 2nd trimester abortion. Six cases required suction evacuation while seven cases were managed medically using medical abortion kit. Contraception was given to all subjects according to their needs. Seventy-one women were of more than 35 yrs, while two were teenagers. 21 women were grand multipara. Women of obstetrical risk were 17 while the rest were having medical illnesses. Conclusion: This study concludes that there are a large number of high-risk groups for MTP again showing unmet need and lack of specialized counseling of HR patients according to their mental and physical condition. Early recognition of pregnancy and timely intervention can be lifesaving in these women and proper contraceptive counseling is required to prevent future pregnancies.

Objectives The squeeze test of MTP joints is frequently used because it is easy and cheap. It is traditionally perceived as a test for synovitis. Besides classic intra-articular synovitis, also tenosynovitis and intermetatarsal bursitis (IMB) represent synovial inflammation, albeit juxta-articularly located. Both are frequently present in RA and occasionally in other arthritides. Therefore we hypothesized that tenosynovitis and IMB contribute to a positive MTP squeeze test. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 192 early arthritis patients and 693 clinically suspect arthralgia patients underwent the MTP squeeze test and forefoot MRI at first presentation. MRI measurements in age-matched healthy controls were used to define positivity for synovitis, tenosynovitis and IMB. Logistic regression was used. Results In early arthritis patients, synovitis [odds ratio (OR) 4.8 (95% CI 2.5, 9.5)], tenosynovitis [2.4 (1.2, 4.7)] and IMB [1.7 (1.2, 2.6)] associated with MTP squeeze test positivity. Synovitis [OR 3.2 (95% CI 1.4, 7.2)] and IMB [3.9 (1.7, 8.8)] remained associated in multivariable analyses. Of patients with a positive MTP squeeze test, 79% had synovitis or IMB: 12% synovitis, 15% IMB and 52% both synovitis and IMB. In clinically suspect arthralgia patients, subclinical synovitis [OR 3.0 (95% CI 2.0, 4.7)], tenosynovitis [2.7 (1.6, 4.6)] and IMB [1.7 (1.2, 2.6)] associated with MTP squeeze test positivity, with the strongest association for synovitis in multivariable analysis. Of positive MTP squeeze tests, 39% had synovitis or IMB (10% synovitis, 15% IMB and 13% both synovitis and IMB). Conclusion Besides synovitis, IMB contributes to pain upon compression in early arthritis, presumably due to its location between MTP joints. This is the first evidence showing that MTP squeeze test positivity is not only explained by intra- but also juxta-articular inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to find out demographic and clinical profile of women with congenital malformation who underwent MTP and secondary objective is to find out types of congenital malformations, risk factors and method of termination of pregnancy. Methods: This retrospective cohort involved women with congenital malformations who underwent medical termination (MTP) over a 3 year period (July 2016 to June 2019) in a tertiary care facility. Data was analysed with respect to gestational age and spectrum of malformations and results were expressed as frequencies and proportions. Results: Of the 640 women underwent MTP, 245 were for congenital fetal malformations (38.2%). The mean age was 25 years, 95% belonged to low socioeconomic status and from rural background and were Hindus. The most common system affected was CNS (55.5%) followed by renal. The most common lethal anomalies were anencepahaly and hydrocephalous. Majority were diagnosed between 16 to 20 weeks and only 3 % were diagnosed in first trimester. Risk factors were third and second degree consanguinity (27%), diabetes in pregnancy (28%) and non consumption of folic acid preconceptionally (92%). Conclusion: The most common anomalies are largely preventable as they involved CNS and 40% were anencephaly. Non-consumption of folic acid, consanguineous marriage and diabetes mellitus were the risk factors. This suggests the need for increasing public awareness for intake of periconceptional folic acid and practice of pre-conceptional care for control of medical disorders.

Membrane transport proteins are widely present in all living organisms, however, their function, transported substrate, and mechanism of action are unknown. Here we use diverse bioinformatics tools to investigate the evolution of MTPs, analyse domain organisation and loop topology, and study the comparative alignment of modelled 3D structures. Our results suggest a high level of conservancy between MTPs from different taxa on both amino acids and structural levels, which imply some degree of functional similarities. The presence of loop/s of different lengths in various positions suggests tax-on-specific adaptation to transported substrates, intracellular localisation, accessibility for post-translation modifications, and interaction with other proteins. The comparison of modelled structures proposes close relations and a common origin for MTP and Na/H exchanger. Further, a high level of amino acid similarity and identity between archaeal and bacterial MTPs and Na/H exchangers imply conservancy of ion transporting function at least for archaeal and bacterial MTPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Droplet-based microfluidic screening techniques can benefit from interfacing established microtiter plate-based screening and sample management workflows. Interfacing tools are required both for loading preconfigured microtiter-plate (MTP)-based sample collections into droplets and for dispensing the used droplets samples back into MTPs for subsequent storage or further processing. Here, we present a collection of Digital Microfluidic Pipetting Tips (DMPTs) with integrated facilities for droplet generation and manipulation together with a robotic system for its operation. This combination serves as a bidirectional sampling interface for sample transfer from wells into droplets (w2d) and vice versa droplets into wells (d2w). The DMPT were designed to fit into 96-deep-well MTPs and prepared from glass by means of microsystems technology. The aspirated samples are converted into the channel-confined droplets' sequences separated by an immiscible carrier medium. To comply with the demands of dose-response assays, up to three additional assay compound solutions can be added to the sample droplets. To enable different procedural assay protocols, four different DMPT variants were made. In this way, droplet series with gradually changing composition can be generated for, e.g., 2D screening purposes. The developed DMPT and their common fluidic connector are described here. To handle the opposite transfer d2w, a robotic transfer system was set up and is described briefly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isolated long-chain 3-keto-acyl CoA thiolase (LCKAT) deficiency is a rare long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorder caused by mutations in HADHB. LCKAT is part of a multi-enzyme complex called the mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) which catalyzes the last three steps in the long-chain fatty acid oxidation. Until now, only three cases of isolated LCKAT deficiency have been described. All patients developed a severe cardiomyopathy and died before the age of 7 weeks. Here, we describe a newborn with isolated LCKAT deficiency, presenting with neonatal-onset cardiomyopathy, rhabdomyolysis, hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis. Bi-allelic 185G > A (p.Arg62His) and c1292T > C (p.Phe431Ser) mutations were found in HADHB. Enzymatic analysis in both lymphocytes and cultured fibroblasts revealed LCKAT deficiency with a normal long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD, also part of MTP) enzyme activity. Clinically, the patient showed recurrent cardiomyopathy, which was monitored by speckle tracking echocardiography. Subsequent treatment with special low-fat formula, low in long chain triglycerides (LCT) and supplemented with medium chain triglycerides (MCT) and ketone body therapy in (sodium-D,L-3-hydroxybutyrate) was well tolerated and resulted in improved carnitine profiles and cardiac function. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol that has been shown to increase fatty acid oxidation, was also considered as a potential treatment option but showed no in vitro benefits in the patient's fibroblasts. Even though our patient deceased at the age of 13 months, early diagnosis and prompt initiation of dietary management with addition of sodium-D,L-3-hydroxybutyrate may have contributed to improved cardiac function and a much longer survival when compared to the previously reported cases of isolated LCKAT-deficiency.

A 51-year-old lady with invasive left breast cancer had a syncopal attack following acute chest pain on day 1 post-mastectomy. She was hypotensive and her electrocardiogram showed ST elevation at anterior leads. She had received systemic thrombolysis therapy with an excellent initial symptomatic response and ECG resolution. However, echocardiogram and computed-tomography pulmonary angiogram later showed evidence of massive pulmonary embolism. The treatment was complicated with significant bleeding from the surgical site which required a total of 11 units of packed cells, 4 units of fresh frozen plasma, 4 units of platelet, 6 units of cryoprecipitate and prothrombin complex concentrate; in order to control the bleeding along with local compression. As the haemostasis was achieved, anticoagulation was cautiously initiated, initially with unfractionated heparin followed by low-molecular-weight heparin. Eventually, she received rivaroxaban to complete her course of treatment. She made an excellent recovery on follow-up review and is planned for further treatment for her breast cancer. This case portrayed the complexity of managing a concurrent event of massive thrombosis and significant bleeding, which required a diligent assessment of both risks to ensure the best patient's outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have determined whether orange juice-derived nanovesicles (ONVs) could be used for the treatment of obesity-associated intestinal complications. ONVs were characterized by lipidomic, metabolomic, electron microscopy. In vitro, intestinal barriers (IBs = Caco-2+HT-29-MTX) were treated with ONVs and co-cultured with adipocytes to monitor IB fat release. In vivo, obesity was induced with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD mice) for 12 weeks. Then, half of HFHSD mice were gavaged with ONVs. One-month ONV treatment did not modify HFHSD-induced insulin resistance but reversed diet-induced gut modifications. In the jejunum, ONVs increased villi size, reduced triglyceride content, and modulated mRNA levels of genes involved in immune response (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α and interleukin [IL]-1β), barrier permeability (CLDN1, OCLN, ZO1), fat absorption, and chylomicron release. ONVs targeted microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) and angiopoietin-like protein-4 (ANGPTL4), two therapeutic targets to reduce plasma lipids and inflammation in gastrointestinal diseases. Interestingly, ONV treatment did not aggravate liver steatosis, as MTP mRNA was increased in the liver. Therefore, ONVs protected both intestine and the liver from fat overload associated with the HFHSD. As ONVs concentrated amino acids and bioactive lipids versus orange juice, which are deficient in obese patients, the use of ONVs as a dietary supplement could bring physiological relevant compounds in the jejunum to accelerate the restoration of intestinal functions during weight loss in obese patients.

Balanced blood product transfusion improves the outcomes of trauma patients with exsanguinating hemorrhage, but it remains unclear whether administering cryoprecipitate improves mortality. We aimed to examine the impact of early cryoprecipitate transfusion on the outcomes of the trauma patients needing massive transfusion (MT). All MT patients 18 years or older in the 2017 Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) were retrospectively reviewed. MT was defined as the transfusion of ≥10 units of blood within 24 hours. Propensity score analysis (PSA) was used to 1:1 match then compare patients who received and those who did not receive cryoprecipitate in the first 4 hours after injury. Outcomes included in-hospital mortality, 1-day mortality, in-hospital complications and transfusion needs at 24 hours. Of 1,004,440 trauma patients, 1,454 MT patients received cryoprecipitate and 2,920 did not. After PSA, 877 patients receiving cryoprecipitate were matched to 877 patients who did not. In-hospital mortality was lower among patients who received cryoprecipitate (49.4% v. 54.9%, P = 0.022), as was 1-day mortality. Sub-analyses showed that mortality was lower with cryoprecipitate in patients with penetrating (37.5% versus. 48%, adjusted P = 0.008), but not blunt trauma (58.5% versus. 59.8%, adjusted P = 1.000). In penetrating trauma, the cryoprecipitate group also had lower 1-day mortality (21.8% versus. 38.6%, P <0.001) and a higher rate of hemorrhage control surgeries performed within 24 hours (71.4% versus. 63.3%, P = 0.018). Cryoprecipitate in MT is associated with improved survival in penetrating, but not blunt, trauma. Randomized trials are needed to better define the role of cryoprecipitate in MT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The women who have been pregnant more than four times are fewer than 18or over 35-years-old, or have at least one medical issue before or during pregnancy, the pregnancy is considered high-risk. Increased maternal and foetal mortality and morbidity are linked to these risk factors. MTP in itself is a blind and risky procedure and performing it in High Risk Pregnancy (HRP) is a challenge for obstetrics and gynecology personnel. When performed with all pre, intra and post-op precautions, results are good and patient-friendly. Aims and Objectives: Aims of the study were to calculate the number, high-risk factors, method used, and its outcome of MTP in HRP. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective observational study done at QMH, KGMU, Lucknow performed on subjects admitted for MTP from January 2018 to December 2018. Total admitted patients seeking MTP were 450 out of which 93 belonged to High-Risk Group who underwent surgical and medical abortion accordingly. All precautions and norms defined by Govt. of India were taken care of. Cases were evaluated on the basis of high-risk factors-Age, parity, obstetrical and medical illnesses, and interval since last delivery. Results: Out of 93 high-risk cases, 88 cases were of 1st trimester and 5 were of 2nd trimester abortion. Six cases required suction evacuation while seven cases were managed medically using medical abortion kit. Contraception was given to all subjects according to their needs. Seventy-one women were of more than 35 yrs, while two were teenagers. 21 women were grand multipara. Women of obstetrical risk were 17 while the rest were having medical illnesses. Conclusion: This study concludes that there are a large number of high-risk groups for MTP again showing unmet need and lack of specialized counseling of HR patients according to their mental and physical condition. Early recognition of pregnancy and timely intervention can be lifesaving in these women and proper contraceptive counseling is required to prevent future pregnancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plate-like ZSM-5 zeolites offering a short diffusion pathway along the b- axis are highly desirable catalyst for methanol to propylene (MTP) reaction. Herein, we successfully developed a simple synthetic strategy toward reducing the thickness along b -axis of ZSM-5 zeolite by combing a preliminary aging process and the addition of γ-aminobutyric acid. In particular, γ-aminobutyric acid adopted as a zeolite growth modifier was firstly proposed to prepare plate-like ZSM-5 zeolite with a short thickness of b -axis, and the minimum thickness can reach ∼50 nm. The shortened diffusion length in plate-like ZSM-5 zeolites could significantly improve the transport efficiency of molecules to and away from the active sites and finally leads to a better catalytic performance in the MTP reaction. Particularly, the plate-like ZSM-5 zeolite with an impressively shortened diffusion length (P-ZSM-5–0.3#0.3) displayed greatly improved catalytic performances (higher propylene selectivity and longer lifetime) than conventional ZSM-5 with a thicker dimension along the b -axis. [Display omitted] • γ-aminobutyric acid was firstly adopted to prepare plate-like ZSM-5 zeolite. • The minimum b -axis thickness of plate-like ZSM-5 zeolite could reach ∼50 nm. • The short b -axis thickness could efficiently promote the olefin-based cycle. • Plate-like ZSM-5 exhibited higher propylene selectivity and catalytic stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • High-silica hierarchical ZSM-5 is prepared by conventional alkali treatment. • The intergrowth boundaries play a key role in the formation of mesopores. • The intergrowth boundaries result from adjusting the NaOH content in initial gel. • The prepared catalyst shows a remarkably enhanced stability in MTP reaction. • The facile approach is suitable for large-scale industrial applications. High-silica hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolite is an attractive catalyst for the methanol to propylene (MTP) process because of its enhanced diffusion properties. However, its practical application is restricted by the disadvantages of the present preparation methods, such as high cost and complicated operation. Here we prepare a high-silica hierarchical ZSM-5 by the conventional alkali treatment method without using any expensive raw material and special operation. The limitation of the conventional alkali treatment method coming from the framework Si/Al ratio of parent zeolite is circumvented by introducing plentiful intergrowth boundaries into zeolite particle. More interestingly, these intergrowth boundaries are constructed only via controlling the content of NaOH in the synthesis gel. This approach retains all of the advantages of the conventional alkali treatment method and can be easily extended to industry scale. The resulting high-silica hierarchical ZSM-5 exhibits an abundant interconnected intracrystalline mesoporous structure with slight loss of microporosity. In the MTP reaction, the unique hierarchical pore structure causes a significant alteration in the rate and the location of coke deposition. As a result, the prepared high-silica hierarchical ZSM-5 catalyst shows an extremely long catalytic lifetime, which is 20.6 times that of the microporous counterpart. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new self-converging programming characteristic in a single-poly floating-gate memory cell with full-compatibility to a CMOS logic technology is observed and studied. A uniquely design cell with a narrow-bridging line between two coupling capacitors promotes a localized charging effect at the electron tunneling site, leading to clamping of threshold voltage states. Through this mechanism, the new multi time programmable (MTP) cells exhibit tight threshold voltage distributions for multi-level cells (MLC) operations. Improved cycling reliability and one-shot multi-level programming has been fully demonstrated in this work.