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MYB transcription factors are one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, and they regulate numerous biological processes. Red algae are an important taxonomic group and have important roles in economics and research. However, no comprehensive analysis of the MYB gene family in any red algae, including Pyropia yezoensis, has been conducted. To identify the MYB gene members of Py. yezoensis, and to investigate their family structural features and expression profile characteristics, a study was conducted. In this study, 3 R2R3-MYBs and 13 MYB-related members were identified in Py. yezoensis. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that most red algae MYB genes could be clustered with green plants or Glaucophyta MYB genes, inferring their ancient origins. Synteny analysis indicated that 13 and 5 PyMYB genes were orthologous to Pyropia haitanensis and Porphyra umbilicalis, respectively. Most Bangiaceae MYB genes contain several Gly-rich motifs, which may be the result of an adaptation to carbon limitations and maintenance of important regulatory functions. An expression profile analysis showed that PyMYB genes exhibited diverse expression profiles. However, the expression patterns of different members appeared to be diverse, and PyMYB5 was upregulated in response to dehydration, low temperature, and Pythium porphyrae infection. This is the first comprehensive study of the MYB gene family in Py. Yezoensis and it provides vital insights into the functional divergence of MYB genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MYB transcription factors are one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, and they regulate numerous biological processes. Red algae are an important taxonomic group and have important roles in economics and research. However, no comprehensive analysis of the MYB gene family in any red algae, including Pyropia yezoensis, has been conducted. To identify the MYB gene members of Py. yezoensis, and to investigate their family structural features and expression profile characteristics, a study was conducted. In this study, 3 R2R3-MYBs and 13 MYB-related members were identified in Py. yezoensis. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that most red algae MYB genes could be clustered with green plants or Glaucophyta MYB genes, inferring their ancient origins. Synteny analysis indicated that 13 and 5 PyMYB genes were orthologous to Pyropia haitanensis and Porphyra umbilicalis, respectively. Most Bangiaceae MYB genes contain several Gly-rich motifs, which may be the result of an adaptation to carbon limitations and maintenance of important regulatory functions. An expression profile analysis showed that PyMYB genes exhibited diverse expression profiles. However, the expression patterns of different members appeared to be diverse, and PyMYB5 was upregulated in response to dehydration, low temperature, and Pythium porphyrae infection. This is the first comprehensive study of the MYB gene family in Py. Yezoensis and it provides vital insights into the functional divergence of MYB genes.

MYB proteins play a crucial role in plant growth and development and stress responses. In this study, 160 members of the MYB gene family from the pepper genome database were used to analyze gene structures, chromosome localization, collinearity, genetic affinity and expression in response to heavy metals. The results identified R2R3-MYB members and further phylogenetically classified them into 35 subgroups based on highly conserved gene structures and motifs. Collinearity analysis showed that segmental duplication events played a crucial role in the functional expansion of the CaMYB gene family by intraspecific collinearity, and at least 12 pairs of CaMYB genes existed between species prior to the differentiation between monocots and dicots. Moreover, the upstream CaMYB genes were mainly localized to the phytohormone elements ABRE and transcription factor elements MYB and MYC. Further analysis revealed that MYB transcription factors were closely associated with a variety of abiotic stress-related proteins (e.g., MAC-complex and SKIP). Under the stress of five metal ions, Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, and Fe3+, the expression levels of some CaMYB family genes were upregulated. Of these genes, pairing homologous 1 (PH-1), PH-13 , and PH-15 in the roots of Capsicum annuum were upregulated to the greatest extent, indicating that these three MYB family members are particularly sensitive to these five metals. This study provides a theoretical reference for the analysis of the molecular regulatory mechanism of MYB family genes in mediating the response to heavy metals in plants. This study reveals the mode of interaction between MYB and a variety of abiotic stress proteins and clarifies the biological functions of CaMYB family members in the regulation of heavy metal stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The MYB transcription factor (TF) superfamily, one of the largest gene superfamilies, regulates a variety of physiological processes in plants. Although many MYB superfamily genes have been identified in plants, the MYB TFs in Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) have not been fully identified and characterized. Additionally, the functions of these genes remain unclear. In total, we identified 171 MYB superfamily genes in jujube and divided them into five subfamilies containing 99 genes of the R2R3-MYB subfamily, 58 genes of the MYB-related subfamily, four genes of the R1R2R3-MYB subfamily, one gene of the 4R-MYB subfamily, and nine genes of the atypical MYB subfamily. The 99 R2R3-MYB genes of jujube were divided into 35 groups, C1–C35, and the 58 MYB-related genes were divided into the following groups: the R-R-type, CCA1-like, I-box-binding-like, TBP-like, CPC-like, and Chinese jujube-specific groups. ZjMYB genes in jujube were well supported by additional highly conserved motifs and exon/intron structures. Most R1 repeats of MYB-related proteins comprised the R2 repeat and had highly conserved EED and EEE residue groups in jujube. Three tandem duplicated gene pairs were found on 12 chromosomes in jujube. According to an expression analysis of 126 ZjMYB genes, MYB-related genes played important roles in jujube development and fruit-related biological processes. The total flavonoid content of jujube fruit decreased as ripening progressed. A total of 93 expressed genes were identified in the RNA-sequencing data from jujube fruit, and 56 ZjMYB members presented significant correlations with total flavonoid contents by correlation analysis. Five pairs of paralogous MYB genes within jujube were composed of nine jujube MYB genes. A total of 14 ZjMYB genes had the same homology to the MYB genes of Arabidopsis and peach, indicating that these 14 MYB genes and their orthologs probably existed before the ancestral divergence of the MYB superfamily. We used a synteny analysis of MYB genes between jujube and Arabidopsis to predict that the functions of the ZjMYBs involve flavonoid/phenylpropanoid metabolism, the light signaling pathway, auxin signal transduction, and responses to various abiotic stresses (cold, drought, and salt stresses). Additionally, we speculate that ZjMYB108 is an important TF involved in the flavonoid metabolic pathway. This comprehensive analysis of MYB superfamily genes in jujube lay a solid foundation for future comprehensive analyses of ZjMYB gene functions.

The MYB transcription factor (TF) superfamily, one of the largest gene superfamilies, regulates a variety of physiological processes in plants. Although many MYB superfamily genes have been identified in plants, the MYB TFs in Chinese jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) have not been fully identified and characterized. Additionally, the functions of these genes remain unclear. In total, we identified 171 MYB superfamily genes in jujube and divided them into five subfamilies containing 99 genes of the R2R3-MYB subfamily, 58 genes of the MYB-related subfamily, four genes of the R1R2R3-MYB subfamily, one gene of the 4R-MYB subfamily, and nine genes of the atypical MYB subfamily. The 99 R2R3-MYB genes of jujube were divided into 35 groups, C1-C35, and the 58 MYB-related genes were divided into the following groups: the R-R-type, CCA1-like, I-box-binding-like, TBP-like, CPC-like, and Chinese jujube-specific groups. ZjMYB genes in jujube were well supported by additional highly conserved motifs and exon/intron structures. Most R1 repeats of MYB-related proteins comprised the R2 repeat and had highly conserved EED and EEE residue groups in jujube. Three tandem duplicated gene pairs were found on 12 chromosomes in jujube. According to an expression analysis of 126 ZjMYB genes, MYB-related genes played important roles in jujube development and fruit-related biological processes. The total flavonoid content of jujube fruit decreased as ripening progressed. A total of 93 expressed genes were identified in the RNA-sequencing data from jujube fruit, and 56 ZjMYB members presented significant correlations with total flavonoid contents by correlation analysis. Five pairs of paralogous MYB genes within jujube were composed of nine jujube MYB genes. A total of 14 ZjMYB genes had the same homology to the MYB genes of Arabidopsis and peach, indicating that these 14 MYB genes and their orthologs probably existed before the ancestral divergence of the MYB superfamily. We used a synteny analysis of MYB genes between jujube and Arabidopsis to predict that the functions of the ZjMYBs involve flavonoid/phenylpropanoid metabolism, the light signaling pathway, auxin signal transduction, and responses to various abiotic stresses (cold, drought, and salt stresses). Additionally, we speculate that ZjMYB108 is an important TF involved in the flavonoid metabolic pathway. This comprehensive analysis of MYB superfamily genes in jujube lay a solid foundation for future comprehensive analyses of ZjMYB gene functions., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.