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27 results on '"Ma, Jinchuan"'

7. Improving Water Management to Reduce Cd Accumulation in Rice in Lightly Cd-Polluted Paddy Soils

Author

GE Ying, MA Jinchuan, ZOU Ping, PAN Jianqing, CHEN Lifen, SHI Qiwei, and MA Junwei

Subjects
water management, rice growth stage, cadmium, redox potential, rhizosphere, soluble cd, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Irrigation engineering. Reclamation of wasteland. Drainage, TC801-978
Abstract

【Background】 Soil pollution by cadmium has become an increasing concern not only because of its toxicity after entering the food chain but also due to its detrimental impact on soil quality and developing sustainable agriculture. As all biogeochemical processes controlling Cd bioavailability in soil are modulated by soil moisture, we conjecture that improving water management should be able to immobilize Cd and reduce its root uptake and translocation in crop. 【Objective】 The purpose of this paper is to experimentally explore the appropriate water management to reduce Cd uptake and translocation in rice grown in lightly Cd-polluted paddy soils. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in pots and consisted of seven treatments: Keeping the soil moist at a predefined level during the whole growth season (CK); keeping the pot flooded during the whole growth season (T1), flooding from the stem elongation stage onwards (T2), flooding from the panicle initiation to booting stage onwards (T3), flooding from the heading and flowering stage onwards (T4), flooding from milk grain stage onwards (T5), and flooding from dough grain stage onwards (T6). All treatments were drained one week before harvest. In each treatment, we measured Cd accumulation in different plant tissues, as well as the changes in redox potential and soluble Cd in the rhizosphere. 【Result】 Both redox potential and soluble Cd in soil were positively correlated at significant level (p

Published
2021
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10. Long‐term successive biochar application increases plant lignin and microbial necromass accumulation but decreases their contributions to soil organic carbon in rice–wheat cropping system

Author

Chen, Zhaoming, primary, He, Lili, additional, Ma, Jinchuan, additional, Ma, Junwei, additional, Ye, Jing, additional, Yu, Qiaogang, additional, Zou, Ping, additional, Sun, Wanchun, additional, Lin, Hui, additional, Wang, Feng, additional, Zhao, Xu, additional, and Wang, Qiang, additional

Published
2024
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12. Experimental validation of a new approach for rice fertiliser recommendations across smallholder farms in China

Author

Yang, Fuqiang, Xu, Xinpeng, Ma, Jinchuan, He, Ping, Pampolino, Mirasol F., and Zhou, Wei

Subjects
Rice -- Growth, Crop yields -- Management, Fertilizers -- Usage, Cropping systems -- Evaluation, Company growth, Company business management, Agricultural industry, Earth sciences
Abstract

Inappropriate fertiliser applications have caused a series of environmental problems and threaten the sustainable production of rice in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a new approach, Nutrient Expert (NE), a nutrient decision support tool for rice (Oryza sativa L.). Experimental validation was carried out under field conditions from 2013 to 2015 at 211 sites in the main rice-growing regions of China. The results showed that, compared with current farmers' fertiliser practices (FP) and soil testing (ST), the NE approach balanced nutrient application decreased the nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) rates, and increased the phosphorus (P) rate--and improved grain yield, nutrient uptake, and fertiliser use efficiency. The NE treatment produced a 3.5-6.3% higher grain yield, 2.3-14.2% higher N, P, and K uptake in aboveground plant dry matter, and higher agronomic efficiency, apparent recovery efficiency (RE), and partial factor productivity of applied N and K, but not for P. In particular, the RE of the NE approach was greater by 12.2 and 8.4 percentage points for N, 3.7 and 2.9 percentage points for P, and 16.3 and 6.4 percentage points for K, compared with FP and ST respectively. The results obtained from field validation suggested that the NE approach could predict target yields; nutrient uptake of N, P, and K. within specific ranges; and could be used as a tool to make fertilizer recommendation for rice in China. Additional keywords: fertiliser use efficiency, nutrient expert, soil test, yield., Introduction Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the main staple food crop in China, with a planting area of ~30 million hectares, accounting for 30% of food crop planting areas in [...]

Published
2017
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16. Combing mechanical side-deep fertilization and controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer to increase nitrogen use efficiency by reducing ammonia volatilization in a double rice cropping system

Author

Chen, Zhaoming, primary, Wang, Qiang, additional, Ma, Jinchuan, additional, Zhao, Jun, additional, Huai, Yan, additional, Ma, Junwei, additional, Ye, Jing, additional, Yu, Qiaogang, additional, Zou, Ping, additional, Sun, Wanchun, additional, Zhang, Gengmiao, additional, and Zhao, Yujie, additional

Published
2022
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18. Solar composting greenhouse for organic waste treatment in fed-batch mode: Physicochemical and microbiological dynamics

Author

Zou Ping, Yu Qiaogang, Hui Lin, Wang Feng, Ma Jinchuan, Ye Jing, Junwei Ma, Chen Zhaoming, Sun Wanchun, and Qiang Wang

Subjects
Nitrogen, 020209 energy, Greenhouse, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, Raw material, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Soil, Nutrient, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Fertilizers, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Compost, Phosphorus, Composting, fungi, Biodegradable waste, Pulp and paper industry, chemistry, Cellulosic ethanol, engineering, Environmental science, Organic fertilizer
Abstract

Composting is a sustainable means of managing organic waste, and solar composters offer a viable solution in rural areas lacking connection to municipal power supplies. This study tracked the physicochemical and microbiological changes that occur in a solar composting greenhouse during the treatment of food and green cellulosic waste in fed-batch mode, which remain poorly understood. Solar composting greenhouse performed well on waste reduction and nutrient retention, resulting in a 45.0–58.8% decrease in feedstock volume over 12-day composting cycles, a 41% removal in dry matter after three batches of composting, and 29.5%, 252.9% and 96.6% increase in the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content respectively after 42 days of composting. Batch feeding and composting jointly influenced microbiological succession by altering the physicochemical properties of compost. The contents of nitrogen and phosphorus, pH, and electrical conductivity significantly accounts for variations in culturable microbial populations. The succession of dominant bacterial genera such as Lactobacillus, Pseudoxanthomonas, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas were closely related to pH, cellulose, NH4+–N, carbon content, and temperature. In addition, Pichia kudriavzevii, Thermomyces lanuginosus, and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis successively became the dominant fungal species during composting. Preliminary compost quality assessments showed that solar composting greenhouse has a high potentiality to transform organic waste into organic fertilizer. Additionally, corresponding purposeful suggestions were proposed for future optimization in this system, mainly from a microbiological aspect.

Published
2019

21. The long-term soil phosphorus balance across Chinese arable land

Author

Ma, Jinchuan, Liu, Yingxia, He, Wentian, He, Ping, Haygarth, Philip Matthew, Surridge, Benjamin William James, Lei, Qiuliang, Zhou, Wei, Ma, Jinchuan, Liu, Yingxia, He, Wentian, He, Ping, Haygarth, Philip Matthew, Surridge, Benjamin William James, Lei, Qiuliang, and Zhou, Wei

Abstract

Quantifying temporal and spatial variation of soil phosphorus (P) input, output and balance across Chinese arable land is necessary for better P management strategies. Here, we address this challenge using a soil P budget to analyse the soil P balance in arable land across the whole of China, for the period 1980–2012. Results indicated that the total P input to soil increased from 22.5 kg P/ha in 1980 to 79.1 kg P/ha in 2012. However, the total P output from soil only increased from 17.9 kg P/ha in 1980 to 36.9 kg P/ha in 2012. Therefore, the average net soil P surplus in China increased from 4.6 kg P/ha in 1980 to 42.1 kg P/ha in 2012. Our research found great variation in soil P balances across different regions. Soil P balance varied between regions with the order of southeast (SE) > north central (NC) and the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River (MLYR) > southwest (SW) > northwest (NW) > northeast (NE). Phosphorus that has accumulated in agricultural soil across China could theoretically meet crop P demands for approximately 4.8–12.0 yrs, depending on the bioavailability of P stored in soils. Increasing the return rates of manure and straw could substantially reduce the demand for fertilizer-P. This paper represents a basis for more targeted, regionally informed P fertiliser recommendations in Chinese soils.

Published
2018

22. Optimizing Row Spacing to Ameliorate the Productivity of Spring Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)

Author

Ullah, Sami, Ahmad Anjum, Shakeel, Mohsin Raza, Muhammad, Riaz, Aamir, Abbas, Adeel, Muhammad Yousif, Malik, Ma, Jinchuan, Liu, Yingxia, Zhang, Jiajia, Cheng, Dingwen, Xu, Yaxin, and Ali, Iftikhar

Subjects
Life Science
Abstract

One of the main reasons behind reduced cane yield is pathetic method of planting. Planting method and row spacing are the most important yield contributing factors in sugarcane. A field experiment was carried out in order to determine quality and yield of sugarcane in various spatial arrangements. Treatments are 180 cm spaced trenches with triple row strips; 180 cm spaced trenches with alternate row strips; 120 cm spaced trenches with double row strips and 60 cm spaced furrow with single row. Perusal of data revealed that 3.6%, 13.4%, 15%, 15.3% more cane diameter (cm), cane length (cm), stripped cane yield (t·haˉ1), sugar yield (t·haˉ1) were obtained from 180 cm spaced trenches with triple row strips as compared to conventional planting method i.e. 60 cm spaced furrows. While the number of millable canes mˉ2, polarity %, cane juice purity %, cane juice %, commercial cane sugar % and cane sugar recovery % remained non-significant by different planting techniques.

Published
2016

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