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Summary: High‐quality genome of rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) represents a valuable resource and tool for understanding genome evolution and environmental adaptation as well as its genetic improvement. However, the existing rosemary genome did not provide insights into the relationship between antioxidant components and environmental adaptability. In this study, by employing Nanopore sequencing and Hi‐C technologies, a total of 1.17 Gb (97.96%) genome sequences were mapped to 12 chromosomes with 46 121 protein‐coding genes and 1265 non‐coding RNA genes. Comparative genome analysis reveals that rosemary had a closely genetic relationship with Salvia splendens and Salvia miltiorrhiza, and it diverged from them approximately 33.7 million years ago (MYA), and one whole‐genome duplication occurred around 28.3 MYA in rosemary genome. Among all identified rosemary genes, 1918 gene families were expanded, 35 of which are involved in the biosynthesis of antioxidant components. These expanded gene families enhance the ability of rosemary adaptation to adverse environments. Multi‐omics (integrated transcriptome and metabolome) analysis showed the tissue‐specific distribution of antioxidant components related to environmental adaptation. During the drought, heat and salt stress treatments, 36 genes in the biosynthesis pathways of carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid and flavonoids were up‐regulated, illustrating the important role of these antioxidant components in responding to abiotic stresses by adjusting ROS homeostasis. Moreover, cooperating with the photosynthesis, substance and energy metabolism, protein and ion balance, the collaborative system maintained cell stability and improved the ability of rosemary against harsh environment. This study provides a genomic data platform for gene discovery and precision breeding in rosemary. Our results also provide new insights into the adaptive evolution of rosemary and the contribution of antioxidant components in resistance to harsh environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pitaya is rich in nutrition and unique in function and contains vegetable albumin, anthocyanins, rich vitamins, and water soluble dietary fiber, which are rare in fruits and vegetables. However, researches mostly focused on pitaya cultivation, biological characteristics, fresh‐keeping, and lacked analyses about chemical composition of pitaya. Therefore, ethanol extraction and GC/MS were used to extract and identify the bioactive components in pulp and pericarp of red pitaya and white pitaya. The extracting results showed that percentages of ethanol extracts from pulp and pericarp of red pitaya were 14.5% and 12%, whereas those of white pitaya were 16% and 12%. The GC/MS results showed that different kinds of bioactive constituents were identified in fresh pericarp and pulp of red pitaya and white pitaya. In the four ethanol extracts, there are rich polysiloxane plant organosilicon with total contents of 10.09%, 24.21%, 25.77%, and 23.25%. Meanwhile, there are many heterocyclic substances, and the content of pericarp is much higher than that of pulp. The four ethanol extracts also contain some other bioactive ingredients, such as esters, hydrocarbons, alcohols, amides, halides, and fatty acids, which can be used as raw materials for biomedicine, advanced cosmetics, and skin care products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zero waste multistage utilization of biomass from Ginkgo biloba branches (GBBs) was achieved through extraction of bioactive components, analysis of antioxidant and antibacterial activities, preparation and composition of pyrolyzate, adsorption and reuse of modified biochar. The results showed that GBBs had abundant bioactive components for potential application in the industry of food, chemical raw materials and biomedicine. Especially, the bioactive compounds in acetone extract (10 mg/mL) of GBBs identified by DPPH and ABTS had free radical scavenging abilities of 92.28% and 98.18%, respectively, which are equivalent to Vitamin C used as an antioxidant in food additives. Fourier Transform Infrared and X-Ray Diffraction analysis showed that carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and magnetic Fe 3 O 4 were successfully incorporated into raw biochar (RB) to form CMC-Fe 3 O 4 -RB nanomaterial. Scanning electron microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction spectroscopy displayed Fe, C, and O existed on the surface of CMC-Fe 3 O 4 -RB. Compared with RB, CMC-Fe 3 O 4 -RB had a larger specific surface area, pore volume and pore size. Meanwhile, nanomagnetic CMC-Fe 3 O 4 -RB solved the problem of agglomeration in traditional magnetized biochar production, and improved the adsorption capacity of Pb2+, which was 29.90% higher than that of RB by ICP-OES. Further, the Pb2+ (10 mg/L) adsorption capacity of CMC-Fe 3 O 4 -RB reached the highest level in 2 h at the dosage of 0.01 g/L, and remained stable at 52.987 mg/g after five cycles of adsorption and desorption. This research aided in the creation of a strategy for GBBs zero waste multistage usage and a circular economic model for GBBs industry development, which can be promoted and applied to the fields of food industry and environment improvement. [Display omitted] • GBBs had abundant bioactive components for potential application in the industry of food, chemical raw materials and biomedicine. • Active compounds isolated from GBBs had antioxidant properties similar to vitamin C. • CMC-Fe 3 O 4 -RB had a 29.90% higher Pb2+ adsorption ability than RB, as well as remained stable after five regenerations. • Nanomagnetic CMC-Fe 3 O 4 -RB solved the problem of agglomeration in traditional magnetized biochar production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The eigensystem realisation algorithm (ERA) is one of the most popular methods in civil engineering applications for estimating modal parameters. Three issues have been addressed in the paper: spurious mode elimination, estimating the energy relationship between different modes, and automatic analysis of the stabilisation diagram. On spurious mode elimination, a new criterion, modal similarity index (MSI) is proposed to measure the reliability of the modes obtained by ERA. On estimating the energy relationship between different modes, the mode energy level (MEL) was introduced to measure the energy contribution of each mode, which can be used to indicate the dominant mode. On automatic analysis of the stabilisation diagram, an automation of the mode selection process based on a hierarchical clustering algorithm was developed. An experimental example of the parameter estimation for the Chaotianmen bridge model in Chongqing, China, is presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Photoperiod is one of the important environmental triggers of flowering, and the CONSTANS ( CO) gene is a key regulator of this pathway in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. CO-like genes are present in many plant species. We describe here the isolation of the CO homolog Glycine max CONSTANS-like 9 ( GmCOL9) from the soybean cultivar Kennong18. Sequence comparisons showed that the closest A. thaliana gene to GmCOL9 is COL13. The expression of GmCOL9 was investigated using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, which showed that GmCOL9 was not regulated by a circadian mechanism, since its expression oscillated at a cycle of 12 h instead of 24 h. GmCOL9 expression was influenced by the developmental stage of the plant and varied between tissue/organs. The expression of GmCOL9 was concentrated in the unifoliolate leaves during the vegetative phase of growth and in the stem during the reproductive phase. However, traces of expression were also present throughout the plant, indicating that GmCOL9 may be a multifunctional gene in the context of the development of the soybean plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Design Methods Results Conclusion Impact Patient or public contribution Examine the levels of variables and explore drivers associated with shared decision‐making attitudes among newly graduated nurses.This was a descriptive and cross‐sectional study.From August 2022 to October 2022, a cross‐section of 216 newly graduated nurses from four comprehensive A‐level hospitals in northern China was recruited using convenience sampling. Newly graduated nurses are generally defined as nurses with a service period of six months to one year. Data were collected using an online questionnaire support platform, including the Nursing Shared Decision‐Making Attitude scale, Jefferson scale of Empathy‐Health profession students and the Health Sciences Evidence‐Based Practice questionnaire. All data were analysed descriptively, and correlational analysis and hierarchical regression were used to make identical connections between variables.Newly graduated nurses supported shared decision‐making. Perceptions of shared decision‐making were correlated with the experiences of empathy and evidence‐based practice. Additionally, perspective‐taking of empathy and beliefs, and the ability to search for and apply existing scientific findings of evidence‐based practice had a significant impact on more positive attitudes.The survey showed that acceptance of shared decision‐making was positive among newly graduated nurses. Clinical nursing managers and teachers should pay attention to cultivating the evidence‐based practice and empathy of newly graduated nurses to adopt an optimistic attitude towards shared decision‐making in the long term.The survey addresses attitudes of shared decision‐making among newly graduated nurses and determines whether empathy and evidence‐based practice has an impact on it. The main finding is that newly graduated nurses have an optimistic outlook on the implementation of shared decision‐making. This survey showed that empathy and evidence‐based practice competencies are associated with shared decision‐making attitudes among newly graduated nurses. The results of this survey have an impact on educational institutions and hospitals in the form of recommendations. Several training programmes on empathy and evidence‐based practice can help adopt the shared decision‐making attitudes of newly graduated nurses.No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a retraction notice from the journal OncoTargets & Therapy regarding an article titled "Kanglaite Reverses Multidrug Resistance of HCC by Inducing Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest via PI3K/AKT Pathway." The retraction is due to concerns raised by the authors regarding the duplication of images from other articles in Figures 3 and 6 of the published article. The authors provided some original data and explanations, but the journal found these insufficient to address their concerns about the validity of the findings. The retracted article will remain online but will be marked as "Retracted." [Extracted from the article]

Particle-size soils were fractionated for evaluating changes in the composition of bacterial community and enzyme activity in response to 13 years of fertilization. This study focused on Mollisol and its particle-size fractions of 200-2,000 μm (coarse sand sized), 63 to 200 μm (fine sand sized), 2 to 63 μm (silt sized), and 0.1 to 2 to μm (clay-sized). Long-term chemical fertilization lowered the pH of all particle fractions, whereas organic fertilizer application mitigated soil acidification. Nutrient concentrations depended on both fertilizer treatment and particle fractions and enzymes were unevenly active throughout the soil. Generally, the highest enzyme activities were observed in the silt and clay fractions of control soil and the soil treated with chemical fertilizer (N, P, and K (NPK)) and in the sand-sized fraction of soil treated with manure and chemical fertilizer (MNPK). Except for acid phosphomonoesterase, the other tested enzyme activities in coarse-sized fractions of MNPK soil were significantly higher than those of the control and NPK soils. Fertilization and soil fraction interactively ( p < 0.05) affected the enzyme activity. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed that the bacterial community structure significantly differed in different particle sizes with a higher bacterial diversity in small-sized than in coarse-sized fractions. Dominant bands were excised and sequenced. We have found the following bacterial groups: Actinobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, and Acidobacteria. In addition, enrichment of organic matter in coarser fractions was related to greater bacterial diversity than any other treatment. Principal component analysis showed a smaller variability among fractions of the organic amended treatment. Redundancy analysis showed that the tested properties significantly affected the composition of bacterial community with the exception of C/N and available P. No significant correlation between enzyme activity and bacterial community composition was detected, whereas positive correlations between other soil properties and enzyme activities were observed to various extents. Probably, enzyme activities might be affected by specific functional bacterial communities rather than by the overall bacterial community. We concluded that the long-term application of organic manures contributed to the increase of soil organic matter content of particles higher than 200 mm, with higher bacterial diversity and increases in most of the enzyme activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Propose an incremental manifold learning method for dimension reduction. [•] Propose adaptive nearest neighbor classifier for fault recognition. [•] Use different-domain features to construct high-dimensional fault sample. [•] Validate the effectiveness of the proposed method by gearbox fault diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Paenibacillus polymyxa can serve as a biocontrol agent with a broad host range, but knowledge of the possible contribution of root exudates to its colonization of the rhizosphere remains limited. In this experiment, we identified several organic acids in the root exudates of watermelon. Chemotaxis and swarming assays were performed to investigate the ability of these organic acids to induce the motility of P. polymyxa SQR-21. Oxalic acid, malic acid and citric acid were present in the root exudates but only the intermediate products in tricarboxylic acid cycle, i.e., malic acid and citric acid, could significantly induce motility in P. polymyxa SQR-21. The maximal inducing ability was obtained with malic acid. Values for malic acid were 3.9 and 1.5 times higher than the control in the chemotaxis assay and the swarming assay, respectively. An in vitro experiment further confirmed that these intermediate products in tricarboxylic acid cycle could promote recruitment to P. polymyxa SQR-21, thereby increasing the population in the rhizosphere. In conclusion, some of the organic acids secreted by roots could play an important role in root colonization of SQR-21. This finding contributes to our understanding of the interactions of bacteria and plants under natural conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

An emission inventory, involving both air pollutants (APs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs), is needed so that the questions of air pollution and climate change can be co-addressed, coordinated, and collaborated upon. In this study, an emission inventory, including both APs and CO 2 (representing GHGs), was developed for China 2019 using two special measures. First, the framework of air pollution source classification was used for the integrative inventory and then the CO 2 emissions for each sector/subsector/source in the GHG inventory were precisely arranged into the framework of APs by every possible means such as drawing on the constraints from the International Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), which enabled the sharing of common or intrinsically connected activity data for both APs and CO 2. Second, an attempt was made to deduce the activity data of various industrial processes through proper interpretation of the information carried in Pollutant Permits. The calculated emissions of APs and CO 2 were found to be comparable to the results of other studies. Additionally, the average per capita CO 2 and pollution equivalents (PEs) were 10.29 ± 6.75 tons and 11.72 ± 7.35 tons, respectively, over the provincial regions with per capita gross domestic product (GDP) lower than ￥70000 (about $10000). Whereas the average per capita CO 2 and PEs dropped to 6.10 ± 1.83 tons and 6.70 ± 2.09 tons, respectively, over the provincial regions with per capita GDP higher than ￥70000. This somewhat supports the philosophy of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) regarding the close connection between emission and development. Moreover, the two emission intensities (for APs and CO 2) were found to vary synchronously among the provinces, reflecting the inter-linked fates of the two emissions under the control measures oriented toward either APs or GHGs. [Display omitted] • An emission inventory integrating air pollutants and CO 2 are compiled. • GHG classification framework are used for the integrative inventory with additional constraints from ISIC. • Pollutant-Permit information is employed to derive activity data of industrial processes and links. • The EKC philosophy on emission/development relation is partly supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Multidrug resistance (MDR) frequently contributes to the failure of chemotherapeutic treatments in patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Revealing the molecular mechanism of MDR is indispensable for the development of effective chemotherapeutic drugs. Purpose: Due to the low-toxicity modulators to inhibit MDR, we considered that Kanglaite (KLT) is a potential agent for reversing MDR in HCC. Materials and Methods: BEL-7402/5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and HepG2/adriamycin (ADM) were analyzed for cell viability, colony formation assay, cell scratch assay, and cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assay by flow cytometry. The expression of PARP, caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, CDC25C, Cyclin B1 and phosphorylation of PTEN, PI3K, and AKT in HepG2/ADM cells were detected by western blotting. Results: The proliferation of drug-resistant cell lines BEL-7402/5-FU and HepG2/ADM pretreated with KLT was significantly inhibited when compared with drug alone. KLT could increase the accumulation of ADM in HepG2/ADM cells. In this study, we found that KLT treatment notably reduced cell viability, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human HepG2/ADM and BEL-7402/5-FU cells, and effectively reversed the MDR by p-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibition. Moreover, KLT decreased the phosphorylation of AKT and PI3K in KLT-treated HepG2/ADM cells. These data together implied that KLT might reverse drug resistance in HCC by blocking the PI3K/AKT signaling. Conclusion: We demonstrated that KLT reversed MDR of human HCC by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper developed a simulation framework, including multi-body dynamics, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, controller dynamics, and mooring system, for the fully coupled dynamic analysis of a four-rotor floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT). The coupled framework is constructed based on SIMPACK, MATLAB/Simulink, user defined force element, and third-party modules to be suitable for a four-rotor FOWT. Then, the coupled framework is verified by a code-to-code method. The simulations under normal operating conditions indicate that the framework is able to investigate the dynamic responses of a four-rotor FOWT. Further capability of the framework is investigated through a case study of a parked rotor situation. The results show that the effect of an upper parked rotor is generally more significant than that of a lower parked rotor. The parked rotor reduces the tower base fore-aft loads and mooring line fairlead tensions, but increases the fluctuation of the tower base side-to-side loads. Additionally, it can be concluded that the yaw control system design is necessary because the shutdown of one of four rotors significantly affects the platform yaw responses. Furthermore, the developed coupled framework can also be extended to model bottom-fixed offshore and onshore wind turbines with different numbers of rotors. • A fully coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic model of a four-rotor FOWT is developed. • The modeling accuracy of the four-rotor FOWT is verified through a code-to-code method. • The dynamic responses of the four-rotor FOWT are simulated. • The dynamic characteristics of the four-rotor FOWT with a parked rotor is also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paenibacillus polymyxa (SQR-21) is not only a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, but also an effective biocontrol agent against Fusarium wilt disease of watermelon. For the better understanding and clarifying the potential mechanisms of SQR-21 to improve watermelon growth and disease resistance, a split-root methodology in hydroponic and LC-MS technology with the label free method was used to analyze the key root proteins involved in watermelon metabolism and disease resistance after the inoculation of SQR-21. Out of 623 identified proteins, 119 proteins were differentially expressed when treatment (SQR-21 inoculation) and control (no bacterial inoculation) were compared. Among those, 57 and 62 proteins were up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. These differentially expressed proteins were identified to be involved in signal transduction (ADP-ribosylation factor, phospholipase D), transport (aspartate amino-transferase), carbohydratemetabolic (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase), defense and response to stress (glutathione S-transferase, Ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1), and oxidation-reduction process (thioredoxin peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase). The results of this study indicated that SQR-21 inoculation on the watermelon roots benefits plant by inducing the expression of several proteins involved in growth, photosynthesis, and other metabolic and physiological activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catering oil fumes are a major hazard to human health. In particular, the typical Chinese cooking style is characterised by a high temperature frying process that produces high levels of cooking oil fumes. However, limited data relating to this sector mean that national emission inventory data specific to the catering service industry do not exist. To address above deficiency and thus to establish the inventory of a city, or a province, or even a country, a door-to-door survey campaign was launched in the Chinese cities of Heze and Linfen to determine the structure of local catering industries. Data revealed that the number of catering businesses per 104 people was 17 ± 4. Of these, 3.0 ± 1.4, 15.0 ± 1.4, and 82.0 ± 0.0% were classified as large, medium, and small enterprises, respectively. Furthermore, the installation rates of fume purifiers were 74 ± 13, 66 ± 9, and 51 ± 14% for large, medium, and small enterprises, respectively, with net removal efficiencies of 63 ± 11, 50 ± 7, and 31 ± 8%, respectively. This information was extrapolated across all provincial regions of China to construct a provincial and national emission inventory. In 2017, China's national catering industry released approximately 34 kt of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 38 kt of particulate matter with a diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM 2.5), 48 kt of particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 μm (PM 10), 1 kt of black carbon (BC), and 27 kt of organic carbon (OC). A significant correlation was observed between vegetable oil consumption and emissions (e.g., for VOCs, y = 14.94 x + 76.50, R2 = 0.87, where y is VOCs emissions and x is vegetable oil consumption), indirectly corroborating the rationality of the inventory. Moreover, this correlation provides the potential for a dynamic inventory based on vegetable oil consumption. Future studies are proposed to address more influential factors to improve the reliability of the national inventory and refer to big data, rather than door-to-door investigation, to identify the amount of catering service businesses in a region. Unlabelled Image • Intensive surveys on catering industry information performed in two Chinese cities • Survey data help establish a national emission inventory of catering industry. • A significant correlation observed between vegetable oil consumption and emissions. • This correlation indirectly verifies by the rationality of the inventory. • This relation useful for dynamically updating emission inventory of catering sector [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ground-level ozone is a secondary pollutant produced by photochemical reactions and it adversely affects plant and human health. Taiyuan City, a typical city on the loess plateau, is suffering from severe ozone pollution. We utilized the data from eight national environmental monitoring sites of Taiyuan, including concentrations of O3 and nitric oxide, and meteorological factors, such as air temperature and wind, to study the pollution characteristics and sources of ozone (O3) in Taiyuan in 2018. Results show that during 2018, the maximum value and 90th percentile of the maximum 8-h running average of O3 concentration were 257 μg/m3 and 192 μg/m3, respectively. There were 72 days where the O3 concentration exceeded the standard in 2018, which were mainly during April to August. The O3 concentration increased from March, reached a high level in April through August, and decreased significantly from September. The O3 concentrations displayed a typical "single peak" diurnal variation, which was high during the day with peak at around 13:00–15:00 and low at night. From April to August, the O3 concentrations at Jinyuan was the highest, followed by Xiaodian and Taoyuan, and the O3 concentrations at Shanglan and Nanzhai were the lowest. When the O3 concentration exceeded the standard value, Jinyuan contributed the most to the O3 pollution of Taiyuan, followed by Taoyuan and Xiaodian. High temperature and pressure, south and southwest winds can lead to an increase in O3 concentration. The O3 pollution in the Taiyuan urban area is caused by local generation, and the transportation of polluted air masses containing oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by industries, such as the coking and steel plants in counties of Jinzhong City in southern Taiyuan, and Qingxu County, and some counties in Lyuliang City to the southwest. In addition, the mountain winds and low nitric oxide concentration are the main reasons for the increase of O3 concentration, often observed in Shanglan at night. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]