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Background In the social situation of "three child" policy opening and late marriage to become the norm, the topic of female reproduction and health has attracted increasing attention. As one of the important markers of ovarian reserve in women, the relationship between anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk indicators has become a hot research issue. Objective To establish a reference range of AMH in healthy women of reproductive age in Urumqi region, and to investigate the association between AMH and risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease. Methods From May to July 2018, healthy women aged 19-50 years who met the criteria were selected from the natural population of a community-based epidemiological survey with four living residents area in Urumqi city by targeted sampling, and the serum AMH, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triacylglyceride (TG), serum uric acid, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels of the survey subjects were tested. Height, body mass, abdominal circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure, and other indicators were measured to analyze the relationship between AMH and the above indicators related to cardiovascular risk factors. Results The median AMH among 855 healthy women of reproductive age was 1.58 (0.01, 8.78) μg/L. The reference range of AMH in healthy women of reproductive age in our region was established, that was, 0.89 to 10.94μg/L for 19-24 years old, 0.66 to 11.77 μg/L for 25-29 years old, 0.27 to 8.25μg/L for 30-34 years old, 0.01 to 6.87μg/L for 35-39 years old, 0.01 to 3.98μg/L for 40-44 years old, 0.05) . Conclusion In this study, the reference range of serum AMH in healthy women of reproductive age in Urumqi was established, which may provide a basis for the functional assessment of ovarian reserve in women of different ages. Low AMH levels in women of reproductive age are associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as increased age, obesity, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.

The surface plasmon resonance (SPR)‐generated electric field (E‐field) intensities around a Ag nanocube (NC) before and after it is covered by a BaTiO3 (BTO) layer (BTO@Ag NC) were calculated. It was observed that the theoretical E‐field intensities were reduced on BTO@Ag NCs, thus suggesting inferior catalytic activities under visible light illumination. However, BTO@Ag NCs experimentally displayed better photocatalytic performance than that of Ag NCs under illumination at 633 nm, both in ambient argon (Ar) and in ambient air, where p‐aminothiophenol (PATP) molecules were used to probe the conversion. The mechanism can be attributed to the surface polarization of the BTO layer trigged by a SPR effect of the Ag core. The oscillation of free electrons in the Ag core aroused appearance of surface polarization charge on the ferroelectric (FE) BTO surface, which resulted in the enhanced catalytic properties of BTO@Ag NCs. Therefore, our finding may provide a novel method to enhance visible‐light responsive photocatalytic activity of wide bandgap FE materials by depositing them on plasmonic metal nanostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming to achieve the goal of efficient and clean combustion in internal combustion engines, simulations are used to change the physicochemical properties and molecular configuration of fuels by adding oxygenated fuels such as alcohols, esters, ethers, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of improving combustion and reducing emissions. In this paper, blends of oxygenated fuels, including n-butanol, DME, DMC, and diesel fuel with different oxygen-containing functional groups, were selected for simulation to reveal the chemical mechanisms of fuel oxygen on combustion and pollutant generation in the combustion system and to deeply explore the mechanism and influence law of the different forms of oxygen bonding on the generation and oxidation of carbon smoke. At the same fuel oxygen content, the differences in the fuel physicochemical properties and reaction paths resulted in different effects of the different oxygenated fuels on the in-cylinder oxidative activity and different inhibition abilities of carbon smoke precursors. Compared with pure diesel, n-butanol, and DME, which promoted OH generation, DMC inhibited OH generation, so the oxidation activity of diesel/n-butanol was the highest, and that of diesel/DMC was the lowest; meanwhile, the two O atoms in the DMC molecule formed CO2 with one C atom, which reduced the utilization efficiency of the O atoms, whereas each O atom in the n-butanol and DME fuels took away one C atom, so the utilization efficiency of O atoms was higher. The individual oxygenated fuels themselves had different abilities to contribute to carbon smoke precursors, and the above combined factors led to reductions of 8.7%, 32.6%, and 85.4% in soot emissions from the addition of DMC, DME, and n-butanol compared to pure diesel fuel, respectively, at the same oxygen content. At a medium load, the addition of n-butanol, DME, and DMC reduced NOx emissions by 0.5%, 1.7%, and 3.3%, respectively. Thus, it is shown that DMC has a more significant effect on NOx emission reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a combination of a time discrete technique on graded meshes with barycentric rational interpolation is employed to solve a class of one- and two-dimensional time-dependent partial integro-differential equations with weakly singular kernels. Equations of this type are also commonly called fractional evolution equations, whose solutions have some singular behaviours near the initial time. This makes that it's difficult to reach an expected convergence result for the numerical treatment concerning time variable on uniform meshes. In the temporal direction, a generalized Crank-Nicolson difference scheme and the product integration formula on graded meshes are used to discretize the differential term and the integral term, respectively. Moreover, it's proved that the time discrete scheme is unconditionally stable and quadratically convergent. Further, a fully discrete numerical approach is structured with spacial directional discretization in terms of barycentric rational interpolation. The results of numerical experiments display the efficiency of the method and confirm the theoretical analyses. In addition, the present scheme can reach second-order convergence in time both for smooth initial value and non-smooth initial value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The numerical method for the conservation laws with discontinuous flux in space is considered. The difficulty in designing a high-order accurate and maintaining an efficient well-balanced scheme for this system lies in the fact that the flux is discontinuous across the stationary discontinuity, which results in the jump of the unknown function. In order to overcome this difficulty, the Godunov-type numerical flux is written in the positive and negative fluxes for the first time, which is embedded between two discontinuous flux functions. With the Godunov flux-splitting, the high-order accurate scheme is proposed through the WENO reconstruction of flux and the third-order TVD Runge–Kutta time discretization. Some tests are presented to demonstrate that our new high-order scheme is capable of exactly preserving steady-state solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]