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4. Interface behavior of tungsten coating on stainless steel by electro spark deposition

Author

Wang Yuangang, Ma Honggang, and Li Xiaopeng

Subjects
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

A new method of electro spark deposition method was put forward, which was based on the theory of electro spark deposition by changing the polarity in the liquid. Tungsten coating layers was produced on surface of Stainless Steel by electro spark deposition. The micro hardness, microstructure, chemical composition and phases of the coating layer were examined by means of hardness test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analysis. The results showed that there was tungsten coating in the surface, which was discontinuous. Microhardness of the coating layer was about 3 times more than that of the substrate. The combination between coating layer and substrate was metallurgical bond.

Published
2015
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14. Structure and Heat Transfer Characteristic Evolution of CaO-SiO 2 -CaF 2 -Based Solid Mold Flux Film upon Solidification.

Author

Long, Xiao, Luo, Wenbo, Li, Xiang, Long, Shaolei, Ma, Honggang, Luo, Dayang, and Zheng, Congxin

Subjects
HEAT transfer, SOLIDIFICATION, HEAT flux, THIN films, COPPER surfaces, SURFACE roughness, SLAG
Abstract

In this study, two typical commercially used CaO-SiO2-CaF2-based mold fluxes with different basicities were adopted. Solid slag films of the two mold fluxes were obtained by immersing an improved water-cooled copper probe in the molten fluxes for different probe immersion times and molten slag temperatures. The film thickness, closed porosity, and roughness of the film surfaces in contact with the copper probe were measured. The heat flux through the solidified films and the comprehensive thermal conductivity of the films were both calculated. The results indicated that compared with the heat flux through high-basicity films, the heat flux through low-basicity films exhibited high fluctuation due to the evolution of fusion cracks within the glass layer. High-basicity mold fluxes resulted in higher thickness, growth velocity, surface roughness, and devitrification velocity of the films. With the growth and crystallization of the slag films, the comprehensive thermal conductivity of the high-basicity films increased significantly. For the low-basicity films, their comprehensive thermal conductivity first decreased and then increased after the solidification time exceeded 30 s. The comprehensive thermal conductivity of the high- and low-basicity films ranged from 0.63 to 0.91 and 0.62 to 0.81 W/(m·K), respectively. The results provide a novel method for analyzing the potential effect of the structural factors of slag films on heat transfer control and controlling the heat transfer behavior of slag films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Exploring the biogeography, morphology, and phylogeny of the condylostomatid ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Heterotrichea), with establishment of four new Condylostomaspecies and a revision including redescriptions of five species found in China

Author

Chi, Yong, Wei, Fan, Tang, Danxu, Mu, Changjun, Ma, Honggang, Wang, Zhe, Al-Rasheid, Khaled A. S., Hines, Hunter N., and Chen, Xiangrui

Abstract

Species of the ciliate class Heterotrichea Stein, 1859 are a cosmopolitan group of unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms, many of which have been widely used as models in various fields of research such as regenerative biology, functional ecology, environmental toxicology, and symbiotic behavior. However, species identification in the heterotrich family Condylostomatidae, especially the most species-rich and type genus CondylostomaBory de Saint-Vincent, 1824, remains challenging due to incomplete original descriptions, few reliable distinguishing characters, and overlapping features between different species. This study presents an updated revision of Condylostomaand its related genus Condylostomidesda Silva Neto, 1994 based on descriptions of five species, including nine populations collected from China, using both morphological and molecular methods. The main findings are as follows: (1) 43 nominal species and about 130 populations are reviewed, resulting in the recognition of 30 valid species of Condylostomaand eight valid species of Condylostomides; (2) keys, synonyms, biogeographic distributions and amended/improved diagnoses of all valid species are provided; (3) based on the available data, four new Condylostomaspecies (C. marinumsp. nov., C. petzisp. nov., C. villeneuveisp. nov., and C. microstomumsp. nov.), one new combination (Condylostomides minimus(Dragesco, 1954) comb. nov. & nom. corr.), and two corrected names (Condylostoma ancestraleVilleneuve-Brachon, 1940 nom. corr. and Condylostomides nigrus(Dragesco, 1960) nom. corr.) are suggested; (4) cryptic species are detected and proposed for the first time to form the Condylostoma curvumspecies complex; (5) three highly confusing Condylostomaspecies, C. kris, C. spatiosum, and C. minutum, are redefined for the first time based on modern taxonomic methods; (6) a ‘flagship’ species, Condylostomides coeruleus, is recorded for the first time from the continent of Asia, substantially expanding its biogeography; (7) ciliature adjacent to the distal end of the paroral membrane within the family Condylostomatidae is uniformly defined as frontal membranelles and is classified into three patterns according to the arrangement of kinetosomes, which serve as important key features.

Published
2024
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32. Ultrastructure of Diophrys appendiculataand new systematic consideration of the euplotid family Uronychiidae (Protista, Ciliophora)

Author

Dong, Jingyi, Liu, Yujie, Ma, Jiyang, Ma, Honggang, Stoeck, Thorsten, and Fan, Xinpeng

Abstract

The ultrastructure of ciliates carries important cytological, taxonomical, and evolutionary signals for these single-celled eukaryotic organisms. However, little ultrastructural data have been accumulated for most ciliate groups with systematic problems. In the present work, a well-known marine uronychiid, Diophrys appendiculata, was investigated using electron microscopy and a comparison with, and a discussion considering, phylogenetic analyses were made. The new findings primarily show that: (i) this species lacks the typical alveolar plate, bears cortical ampule-like extrusomes, and has microtubular triads in the dorsal pellicle, and thus exhibits some ultrastructural features in common with most of its previously studied congeners; (ii) each adoral membranelle before the level of frontal cirrus II/2 contains three rows of kinetosomes and each membranelle after the level of frontal cirrus II/2 contains four rows, which might be related with morphogenesis and could be considered as a distinctive character of Diophrys; (iii) some structural details of the buccal field, such as the extra-pellicular fibrils, pellicle, pharyngeal disks and microtubular sheet, were documented. In addition, based on the ultrastructural comparison of representatives, we discuss the differentiation between the subfamilies Diophryinae and Uronychiinae. A hypothetical systematic relationship of members in the order Euplotida based on a wide range of data is also provided.

Published
2022
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33. Hypotrichidium tisiae(Gelei, 1929) Gelei, 1954: a unique hypotrichid ciliate having a highly specialized developmental pattern during binary division

Author

Luo, Xiaotian, Huang, Jie, Ma, Honggang, Liu, Yujie, Lu, Xiaoteng, and Bourland, William A.

Abstract

In sharp contrast to their pelagic relatives, the oligotrichs, the overwhelming majority of hypotrich ciliates inhabit the benthos. Only a few species, including those of the genus HypotrichidiumIlowaisky, 1921, have adapted to a planktonic lifestyle. The ontogenetic mode of the highly differentiated ciliate, Hypotrichidium tisiae(Gelei, 1929) Gelei, 1954, is unknown. In this study, the interphase morphology and the ontogenetic process of this species are investigated. Accordingly, the previously unidentified ciliary pattern of Hypotrichidiumis redefined. The main morphogenetic features are as follows: (1) The parental adoral zone of membranelles is inherited completely by the proter and the oral primordium of the opisthe arises in a deep pouch. (2) Five frontoventral cirral anlagen (FVA) are formed: FVA I contributes to the single frontal cirrus, FVA II–IV generate three frontoventral cirral rows, FVA V migrates and forms postoral ventral cirri. (3) All marginal cirral row anlagen develop de novo: each of the two left anlagen forms a single cirral row, while the single right anlage fragments into anterior and posterior parts. (4) Two dorsal kinety anlagen occur de novo, with the right one fragmenting to form kineties 2 and 3. (5) Two long caudal cirral rows are formed at the ends of dorsal kineties 1 and 3. On the basis of the morphogenetic features and phylogenetic analyses, the assignment of Hypotrichidiumto the family Spirofilidae Gelei, 1929 within Postoralida is supported. The establishment of separate families for the slender “tubicolous” spirofilids and the highly helical spirofilids is also validated.

Published
2022
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44. LncRNA FENDRR Inhibits ox-LDL Induced Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism Disorder in Aortic Endothelial Cells via miR-18a-5p/PGC-1 α Signaling Pathway.

Author

Wang, Guiming, Yang, Yudong, Ma, Honggang, Shi, Liuming, Jia, Wenbin, Hao, Xing, and Liu, Weizong

Subjects
METABOLIC disorders, ENERGY metabolism, ENDOTHELIAL cells, MITOCHONDRIA, LINCRNA
Abstract

Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to AS. At present, several signaling pathways related to mitochondrial dysfunction have been found, one of which is around PGC-1 α. PGC-1 α is a transcription activator, which is related to mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant defense. In this study, we explored the effect of miR-18a-5p/PGC-1 α signaling pathway on mitochondrial energy metabolism in HAECs with ox-LDL treatment. The results showed that the mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder in HAECs treated by ox-LDL was related to the downregulation of LncRNA FENDRR and PGC-1 α. FENDRR could reverse ox-LDL induced mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder and upregulate the PGC-1 α expression. FENDRR could be used as ceRNA to inhibit the miR-18a-5p expression and reduce the negative regulation of miR-18a-5p on PGC-1 α. Downregulation of miR-18a-5p expression or upregulation of PGC-1 α in ox-LDL treated HAECs could reverse mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder. In conclusion, these findings suggested that FENDRR/miR-18a-5p/PGC-1 α signaling pathway regulated mitochondrial energy metabolism in HAECs; ox-LDL downregulated the expression of PGC-1 α and cause mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder by inhibiting this signal pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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45. Beyond the 'Code': A Guide to the Description and Documentation of Biodiversity in Ciliated Protists (Alveolata, Ciliophora)

Author

Fox Ramos, Alexander, Alcover, Charlotte, Evanno, Laurent, Litaudon, Marc, DUPLAIS, Christophe, Bernadat, Guillaume, Gallard, Jean-Francois, Jullian, Christophe, Mouray, Elisabeth, Loiseau, Philippe, Pomel, Sébastien, Poupon, Erwan, Champy, Pierre, Beniddir, Mehdi, Ortiz, Sergio, Dali-Yahia, Kamel, Vásquez-Ocmín, Pedro, Grougnet, Raphäel, Grellier, Philippe, Michel, Sylvie, Maciuk, Alexandre, Boutefnouchet, Sabrina, Warren, Alan, Patterson, David, Dunthorn, Micah, Clamp, John, Achilles-Day, Undine E.M., Aescht, Erna, Al-Farraj, Saleh, Al-Quraishy, Saleh, Al-Rasheid, Khaled, Carr, Martin, Day, John, Dellinger, Marc, El-Serehy, Hamed, Fan, Yangbo, Gao, Feng, Gao, Shan, Gong, Jun, Gupta, Renu, Hu, Xiaozhong, Kamra, Komal, Langlois, Gaytha, Lin, Xiaofeng, Lipscomb, Diana, Lobban, Christopher, Luporini, Pierangelo, Lynn, Denis, Ma, Honggang, Ma, Miroslav, Ma, Jacqueline, Ma, Seema, Ma, Robert, Ma, Mercedes, McMiller, Nettie, Montagnes, David, Nikolaeva, Svetlana, Ong'ondo, Geoffrey Odhiambo, Ma, Blanca, Purushothaman, Jasmine, Ma, Pablo, Rotterová, Johana, Ma, Luciana, Shao, Chen, Shen, Zhuo, Shi, Xinlu, Ma, Weibo, Stoeck, Thorsten, La Terza, Antonietta, Vallesi, Adriana, Ma, Mei, Weisse, Thomas, Wiackowski, Krzysztof, Wu, Lei, Xu, Kuidong, Yi, Zhenzhen, Zufall, Rebecca, Agatha, Sabine, Équipe 'Pharmacognosie-Chimie des Substances Naturelles' BioCIS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Équipe 'Molécules Fluorées et Chimie Médicinale' BioCIS, Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe 'Chimiothérapie Antiparasitaire' BioCIS, Universitat d'Alacant, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Chimie Organique, Médicinale et Extractive et Toxicologie Expérimentale (COMETE - UMR 8638), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Equipe Pharmacognosie (UMR 8638), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), National History Museum of London, Department of ecology, Universität Kaiserslautern, Austrian Museum, University of Huddersfield, Computer Science Department [Boston] (Boston University), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wuhan University [China], Institut Charles Sadron (ICS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Biological Sciences [Liverpool], University of Liverpool, Shandong University, Institutions et Dynamiques Historiques de l'Économie et de la Société (IDHES), Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Universität Salzburg, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorios de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia-FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS Y FILOSOFIA, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Bio Sci, Univ Liverpool, and École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Databases, Factual, Cultivation, Best practice, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biodiversity, Invertebrados, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, Q1, Microbiología, Microbiology, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, taxonomy, 03 medical and health sciences, Documentation, morphology, Ciliophora, systematics, QH426, Phylogeny, molecular phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Grand Challenges, International research, Internet, Ecology, business.industry, Online database, Original Articles, Data science, type specimens, phylogenetics, Metadata, 030104 developmental biology, cultivation, Knowledge base, Original Article, nomenclature, business, information resources
Abstract

© 2017 The International Society of Protistologists.Recent advances in molecular technology have revolutionized research on all aspects of the biology of organisms, including ciliates, and created unprecedented opportunities for pursuing a more integrative approach to investigations of biodiversity. However, this goal is complicated by large gaps and inconsistencies that still exist in the foundation of basic information about biodiversity of ciliates. The present paper reviews issues relating to the taxonomy of ciliates and presents specific recommendations for best practice in the observation and documentation of their biodiversity. This effort stems from a workshop that explored ways to implement six Grand Challenges proposed by the International Research Coordination Network for Biodiversity of Ciliates (IRCN-BC). As part of its commitment to strengthening the knowledge base that supports research on biodiversity of ciliates, the IRCN-BC proposes to populate The Ciliate Guide, an online database, with biodiversity-related data and metadata to create a resource that will facilitate accurate taxonomic identifications and promote sharing of data.

Published
2017

49. Beyond the “Code”: A Guide to the Description and Documentation of Biodiversity in Ciliated Protists (Alveolata, Ciliophora)

Author

Warren, Alan, primary, Patterson, David J., additional, Dunthorn, Micah, additional, Clamp, John C., additional, Achilles-Day, Undine E.M., additional, Aescht, Erna, additional, Al-Farraj, Saleh A., additional, Al-Quraishy, Saleh, additional, Al-Rasheid, Khaled, additional, Carr, Martin, additional, Day, John G., additional, Dellinger, Marc, additional, El-Serehy, Hamed A., additional, Fan, Yangbo, additional, Gao, Feng, additional, Gao, Shan, additional, Gong, Jun, additional, Gupta, Renu, additional, Hu, Xiaozhong, additional, Kamra, Komal, additional, Langlois, Gaytha, additional, Lin, Xiaofeng, additional, Lipscomb, Diana, additional, Lobban, Christopher S., additional, Luporini, Pierangelo, additional, Lynn, Denis H., additional, Ma, Honggang, additional, Macek, Miroslav, additional, Mackenzie-Dodds, Jacqueline, additional, Makhija, Seema, additional, Mansergh, Robert I., additional, Martín-Cereceda, Mercedes, additional, McMiller, Nettie, additional, Montagnes, David J.S., additional, Nikolaeva, Svetlana, additional, Ong'ondo, Geoffrey Odhiambo, additional, Pérez-Uz, Blanca, additional, Purushothaman, Jasmine, additional, Quintela-Alonso, Pablo, additional, Rotterová, Johana, additional, Santoferrara, Luciana, additional, Shao, Chen, additional, Shen, Zhuo, additional, Shi, Xinlu, additional, Song, Weibo, additional, Stoeck, Thorsten, additional, La Terza, Antonietta, additional, Vallesi, Adriana, additional, Wang, Mei, additional, Weisse, Thomas, additional, Wiackowski, Krzysztof, additional, Wu, Lei, additional, Xu, Kuidong, additional, Yi, Zhenzhen, additional, Zufall, Rebecca, additional, and Agatha, Sabine, additional

Published
2017
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