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Accumulation of acylcarnitines is a characteristic feature of various metabolic disorders affecting fatty acid metabolism. Despite extensive research, no specific molecules have been identified to induce ferroptosis through the regulation of acylcarnitine metabolism. In this study, acylcarnitine accumulation was identified based on cell metabolomics study after the treatment with Stemona alkaloid derivative (SA-11), which was proved to induce ferroptosis in our previous research. Furthermore, the CPT-1 level was proved to significantly increase, while the CPT-2 level indicated no significant difference, which resulted in the accumulation of acylcarnitine. Besides, the ferroptosis-inducing ability of SA-11 was significantly enhanced by the addition of exogenous acylcarnitine, presumably due to the production of additional ROS. This hypothesis was corroborated by the observation of increased ROS levels in HCT-116 cells treated with SA-11 compared to the control group. These findings suggest that targeting acylcarnitine metabolism, particularly through CPT-1, may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment by enhancing ferroptosis induction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report herein a caged luciferin probe Cy-Hy as a sequentially activated probe to selectively and sensitively sense L -Cys and H2O2. The probe displayed fluorescence and bioluminescence responses toward the two analytes. Utilizing the present probe, cellular excess L -Cys-induced H2O2 up-regulation was observed for the first time in living MDA-MB-231 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyanide ions (CN−) are widely used in chemical and industrial processes, but not only can they cause environmental pollution, what is worse is that when a small amount of cyanide enters the human body, in the less severe cases, they pose health risks, and in the more severe cases, they can lead to death. The development of a practical cyanide probe is extremely urgent. In this work, with α,β-unsaturated ketones conjugated with ethylenediamine coumarin as a fluorophore and reaction site, boron fluoride was introduced to adjust the ICT and reactivity to construct a ratiometric fluorescent probe for the highly sensitive detection of CN−. The process was rapid within 40 s and can be monitored by the naked eye. The probe demonstrated a low detection limit (0.072 μM). Furthermore, the probe was used to detect CN− in the test strip, soil, and water. In addition, cell imaging experiments indicated the probe can be used in biological determination of cyanide poisoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the unprecedented development of SO2 fluorescent probes in the past five years, the water-solubility of these probes is still an important factor related to their practical application. In previous work, we have studied SO2 detection by coupling quinoline and coumarin. Although the water solubility of the probe was improved, SO2 detection in a 100% aqueous medium was not fully achieved. Therefore, based on the previous system, we conjugated two quinolines to realize a 100% water-soluble sulfur dioxide fluorescent probe. The Probe showed a large Stokes shift (170 nm). Besides, the Probe could respond to SO2 within 1.5 min with high selectivity and sensitivity (LOD = 0.29 μM). In addition, fluorescence co-localization studies suggested that the Probe could be used for monitoring SO2 in the mitochondria of HeLa cells and living mice. It is believed that such an excellent probe will have a wide application prospect in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The specific combination of human serum albumin and fluorescent dye will endow superior performance to a coupled fluorescent platform for in vivo fluorescence labeling. In this study, we found that lysine-161 in human serum albumin is a covalent binding site and could spontaneously bind a ketone skeleton quinoxaline-coumarin fluorescent dye with a specific turn-on fluorescence signal for the first time. Supported by the abundant drug binding domains in human serum albumin, drugs such as ibuprofen, warfarin and clopidogrel could interact with the fluorescent dye labeled human serum albumin to feature a substantial enhancement in fluorescence intensity (6.6-fold for ibuprofen, 4.5-fold for warfarin and 5-fold for clopidogrel). The drug concentration dependent fluorescence intensity amplification realized real-time, in situ blood drug concentration monitoring in mice, utilizing ibuprofen as a model drug. The non-invasive method avoided continuous blood sample collection, which fundamentally causes suffering and consumption of experimental animals in the study of pharmacokinetics. At the same time, the coupled fluorescent probe can be efficiently enriched in tumors in mice which could map a tumor with a high-contrast red fluorescence signal and could hold great potential in clinical tumor marking and surgical resection., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)