73 results on '"Mach C"'
Search Results
2. Blunt Liver Trauma Compared with Penetrating Liver Injury: Experience of the Trauma Center of the University Hospital in Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Author
-
Mach, C., primary, Skalický, T., additional, and Třeška, V., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. ��-D-mannan from Aureobasidium pullulans (CCMB 324): optimization extraction
- Author
-
Valasques, Gildomar Lima, Santos, Jener David Gon��alves, Chaves, Pedro Felipe Pereira, Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C��rtes, Boffo, Elisangela Fabiana, and de Assis, Sandra Aparecida
- Abstract
Mannans has been attracted the interest in various sectors due to its promising applications. The low toxicity of mannans allows for their use in cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. In this study, the ��-D-mannan extraction conditions from Aureobasidium pullulans by alkaline extraction were optimized using a Box-Behnken design (BBD). The effect of temperature (��C), pH and extraction time (hours) on the yield of ��-mannan was investigated. The conditions that produced the highest yield (26%) were a temperature of 92 ��C, extraction time of 3 h and pH 13. In addition, the ��-D-mannan structure was confirmed by methylation analysis, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis, and GC-MS.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Empfehlungen zum strukturierten Übergabeprozess in der zentralen Notaufnahme
- Author
-
Gräff, I., primary, Pin, M., additional, Ehlers, P., additional, Seidel, M., additional, Hossfeld, B., additional, Dietz-Wittstock, M., additional, Rossi, R., additional, Gries, A., additional, Ramshorn-Zimmer, A., additional, Reifferscheid, F., additional, Reinhold, T., additional, Band, H., additional, Kuhl, K.-H., additional, König, M.-K., additional, Kasberger, J., additional, Löb, R., additional, Krings, R., additional, Schäfer, S., additional, Wienen, I.-M., additional, Strametz, R., additional, Wedler, K., additional, Mach, C., additional, Werner, D., additional, and Schacher, S., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Simple ventilators for emergency use based on Bag-Valve pressing systems: Lessons learned and future steps
- Author
-
Castro-Camus, E., primary, Ornik, J., additional, Mach, C., additional, Hernandez-Cardoso, G. G., additional, Savalia, B., additional, Taiber, J., additional, Ruiz-Marquez, A., additional, Kesper, K., additional, Konde, S., additional, Sommer, C., additional, Wiener, J., additional, Geisel, D., additional, Hüppe, F., additional, Kräling, G., additional, Nguyen, J., additional, Wiesmann, T., additional, Beutel, B., additional, and Koch, M., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. The association of hematologic toxicities and outcomes in the treatment of cervical cancer with definitive chemoradiation
- Author
-
Yoder, A.K., primary, Mach, C., additional, Dalwadi, S., additional, Hall, T.R., additional, Anderson, M.L., additional, and Ludwig, M., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Psychrometric and ventilation constraints for vapor pressure deficit control
- Author
-
Zolnier, S, Gates, R.S, Buxton, J, and Mach, C
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Scale for assessing negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A systematic review
- Author
-
Mach, C, Dollfus, S, Service de psychiatrie [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Imagerie et Stratégies Thérapeutiques de la Schizophrénie (ISTS), Imagerie et Stratégies Thérapeutiques des pathologies Cérébrales et Tumorales (ISTCT), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Schizophrenia ,Scales ,Negative symptoms ,Assessment ,Instruments ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. A retrospective evaluation of furosemide and mannitol for prevention of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity
- Author
-
Mach, C. M., primary, Kha, C., additional, Nguyen, D., additional, Shumway, J., additional, Meaders, K. M., additional, Ludwig, M., additional, Williams-Brown, M. Y., additional, and Anderson, M. L., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Symptômes négatifs de la schizophrénie : une revue des instruments d’évaluation
- Author
-
Mach, C., primary and Dollfus, S., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Assessment of Negative Symptoms
- Author
-
Dollfus, S., primary, Mach, C., additional, and Morello, R., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The Self-report of Negative Symptoms (SNS): Validity of a Self-assessment of Negative Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia
- Author
-
Mach, C., primary, Morello, R., additional, and Dollfus, S., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in the air and dust in German daycare centers and human biomonitoring in visiting children (LUPE 3)
- Author
-
Fromme, H., primary, Lahrz, T., additional, Kraft, M., additional, Fembacher, L., additional, Mach, C., additional, Dietrich, S., additional, Burkardt, R., additional, Völkel, W., additional, and Göen, T., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Novel functions for LIN28A/B in ovarian cancer predisposition and tumorigenicity
- Author
-
Anderson, M.L., primary, Mach, C., additional, Liu, Z., additional, and Wan, Y.W., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Loss of miR-143 promotes the proliferation of UPSC by enhancing exportin-5 expression
- Author
-
Mach, C., primary, Kim, J., additional, and Anderson, M., additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. A unique microRNA locus at 19q13.41 sensitizes epithelial ovarian cancers to chemotherapy
- Author
-
Mach, C., primary, Kim, J., additional, Creighton, C., additional, Gunaratne, P., additional, and Anderson, M., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Novel functions for LIN28A/B in ovarian cancer predisposition and tumorigenicity
- Author
-
Mach, C., Liu, Z., and Wan, Y.W.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Experimental Acidification of Little Rock Lake, Wisconsin: Chemical and Biological Changes over the pH Range 6.1 to 4.7
- Author
-
Brezonik, P. L., primary, Eaton, J. G., additional, Frost, T. M., additional, Garrison, P. J., additional, Kratz, T. K., additional, Mach, C. E., additional, McCormick, J. H., additional, Perry, J. A., additional, Rose, W. A., additional, Sampson, C. J., additional, Shelley, B. C. L., additional, Swenson, W. A., additional, and Webster, K. E., additional
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Effect of exercise duration on postexercise hypotension.
- Author
-
Mach C, Foster C, Brice G, Mikat RP, and Porcari JP
- Published
- 2005
20. Zur Elektrotherapie schwerer Reizzustände des Darmes nach Röntgentherapie maligner Tumoren am weiblichen Genitale.
- Author
-
MACH, W. J. and MACH, C. H.
- Published
- 1958
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Implementation and Results From a Steady State Vapor Pressure Deficit Crop to Air Controller
- Author
-
Mach, C. A., Richard Gates, Colliver, D. G., Buxton, J. W., and Anderson, R. G.
22. "The Yeas and Nays".
- Author
-
W. E. M., MACH, C. J., and CLEMENTS, E. S.
- Published
- 1942
23. Caracterização química de polissacarídeos isolados de cogumelos comestíveis, avaliação de suas atividades biológicas e propriedades reológicas
- Author
-
Abreu, Hellen, Smiderle, Fhernanda Ribeiro, Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C., Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica), and Iacomini, Marcello, 1947
- Subjects
Bioquímica ,Polissacarideos ,Cogumelos comestiveis - Abstract
Orientador: Prof. Doutor Marcello Iacomini Coorientadoras: Prof. Doutora Fhernanda Ribeiro Smiderle e Prof. Doutora Lucimara Mach Cortes Cordeiro Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica). Defesa : Curitiba, 17/02/2020 Inclui referências Resumo: A pesquisa desenvolvida com os cogumelos comestíveis Pholiota nameko (nameko) e Pleurotus eryngii (eryngii) envolveu extração dos polissacarídeos em água, à temperatura ambiente, à temperatura a 100 °C, e em auto-clave (121 °C 1 h 1 atm) e, posteriormente, purificação por técnicas como congelamento e degelo, tratamento por solução de Fehling, diálise por membranas e ultrafiltração. Tanto os extratos quanto os polissacarídeos purificados foram caracterizados quimicamente com técnicas metodológicas como: Cromatografia Gasosa acoplada à Espectrometria de Massa, Ressonância Magnética Nuclear, Cromatografia de exclusão por tamanho de alto desempenho, e as estruturas químicas dos polissacarídeos confirmadas também por análises de metilação. Ao purificar o extrato bruto de Pholiota nameko, uma ?-D-glucana foi obtida por extração em água quente e purificada por tratamento com amilase. As análises de RMN e de metilação da fração purificada (GHW-PN) indicaram a presença de uma ?-D-glucana (1?3), altamente substituída (~ 27%) em O-6 por unidades únicas de ?-D-Glcp ou por fragmentos (1?6)-?-D-Glcp. Esta ?-D-glucana foi submetida à avaliação de sua propriedade reológica sob diferentes concentrações e temperatura, onde foi constatado que este polissacarídeo apresenta comportamento de gel e que é estável frente à variações térmicas de 90°C - 4 °C. A atividade terapêutica in vivo também foi avaliada para a ?-D-glucana, indicando que sua aplicação intraperitoneal em animais da raça Mus musculus (camundongos) teve efeito antinociceptivo. Em outro estudo, o cogumelo eryngii foi submetido a três processos de extração para polissacarídeos utilizando àgua à temperatura ambiente (CW), à temperatura de 100 °C (HW) e autoclave (AE) gerando, respectivamente, três frações denominadas CW, HW e AE, e quando quimicamente caracterizadas apresentaram, respectivamente, manogalactana, ?-DGlucana( 1?6) linear e ?-D-Glucana(1?3),(1?6) ramificada como principais polissacarídeos em cada fração, podendo-se concluir que o processo de extração aplicado influencia o tipo de polissacarídeo extraído. As frações CW, HW e AE foram submetidos a testes in vitro com células da linhagem THP-1, onde foi possível observar o potencial imunoestimulador, visto que não foram tóxicas e estimularam liberação das citocinas IL- 1? e IL-10. Finalmente, ao investigar as estruturas químicas de heteropolímeros presentes em extratos aquosos, obtidos à temperatura ambiente dos cogumelos nameko e eryngii, três heteropolissacarídeos foram purificados. Duas manogalactanas de nameko foram purificadas por ultrafiltração sendo uma retida na membrana de 30 kDa e outra eluída, denominadas respectivamente como R30PN e E30PN. E, uma manogalactana de eryngii foi obtida pelo tratamento com solução de Fehling e denominada FPE. Os heteropolissacarídeos foram quimicamente caracterizados como manogalactanas naturalmente metiladas em O-3, com cadeia principal de ?-Galp-(1?6), ramificada em O-2 por unidades ?-D-Manp. Porém, há diferenças quanto ao grau de ramificação das estruturas químicas, o percentual de grupos O-metil e o peso molecular. Os resultados demonstraram que os métodos de extração utilizados em P. nameko e P. eryngii são processos simples que proporcionam obter estruturas polissacarídicas diferentes quimicamente, como glucanas e heteropolímeros que possuem propriedades reológicas e biológicas imunoestimuladoras e antinociceptiva com potencial aplicação para a indústria de alimentos e de produtos terapêuticos. Palavras-chave: Polissacarídeos. Cogumelos comestíveis. Extração e purificação. Caracterização química. Propriedade Reológica. Propriedades biológicas. Abstract: The research carried out with the edible mushrooms Pholiota nameko (nameko) and Pleurotus eryngii (eryngii) involved extracting the polysaccharides in water, at room temperature, at a temperature of 100 °C, and in an autoclave (121 °C 1h 1 atm) and, subsequently, purification by techniques such as freezing and thawing, treatment by Fehling's solution, membrane dialysis and ultrafiltration. Both the extracts and the purified polysaccharides were chemically characterized with methodological techniques such as Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, High-performance size exclusion chromatography, and the chemical structures of the polysaccharides also confirmed by methylation analyzes. When purifying the crude extract of Pholiota nameko, a ?-D-glucan was obtained by extraction in hot water and purified by treatment with amylase. NMR and methylation analyzes of the purified fraction (GHW-PN) indicated the presence of a ?-D-glucan (1?3), highly substituted (~ 27%) in O-6 by single units of ?-D-Glcp or by fragments (1?6)-?-D-Glcp. This ?-D-glucan was submitted to the evaluation of its rheological property under different concentrations and temperature, where it was found that this polysaccharide has a gel behavior and is stable in the face of thermal variations of 90 °C - 4 °C. In vivo therapeutic activity was also evaluated for ?-D-glucan, indicating that its intraperitoneal application in animals of the Mus musculus breed (mice) had an antinociceptive effect. In another study, the eryngii mushroom was subjected to three extraction processes for polysaccharides using water at room temperature (CW), at a temperature of 100 °C (HW) and autoclave (AE), generating, respectively, three fractions called CW, HW, and AE, and when chemically characterized they presented, respectively, mannogalactan, linear ?-D-Glucana (1?6) and ?-D-Glucana (1?3), (1?6) as main polysaccharides in each fraction, it is concluded that the applied extraction process influences the type of polysaccharide extracted. The CW, HW, and AE fractions were subjected to in vitro tests with cells of the THP-1 lineage, where it was possible to observe the immunostimulatory potential since they were not toxic and stimulated the release of cytokines IL-1? and IL- 10. Finally, when investigating the chemical structures of heteropolymers present in aqueous extracts, obtained at room temperature from nameko and eryngii mushrooms, three heteropolysaccharides were purified. Two nameko mannogalactans were purified by ultrafiltration, one being retained in the 30 kDa membrane and the other eluted, named respectively R30PN and E30PN. And, an eryngii mannogalactan was obtained by treatment with Fehling's solution and called FPE. The heteropolysaccharides were chemically characterized as mannogalactans naturally methylated in O-3, with ?-Galp- (1?6) main chain, branched in O-2 by ?-D-Manp units. However, there are differences in the degree of branching of chemical structures, the percentage of O-methyl groups, and the molecular weight. The results demonstrated that the extraction methods used in P. nameko and P. eryngii are simple processes that provide chemically different polysaccharide structures, such as glucans and heteropolymers that have immunological and antinociceptive rheological and biological properties with potential application for the food industry and therapeutic products. Keywords: Polysaccharides. Edible mushrooms. Extraction and purification. Chemical characterization. Rheological Property. Biological properties.
- Published
- 2020
24. A influência do processamento sobre a caracterização físicoquímica, mineral e potencial antioxidante de cultivares de banana verde (Musa spp. - Musaceae) orgânica
- Author
-
Romão, Beatriz Frabetti Campos, 1990, Krüger, Cláudia Carneiro Hecke, 1968, Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C., and Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação e Nutrição
- Subjects
Farinha de banana ,Culinária ,Nutrição - Abstract
Orientadora: Profª. Dra. Cláudia C. H. Krüger Coorientadora: Profª. Dra. Lucimara M. C. Cordeiro Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação e Nutrição. Defesa : Curitiba, 27/10/2020 Inclui referências: p. 93-102 Resumo: A banana (Musa spp.) é um fruto tropical amplamente produzido e consumido no mundo. É rica em nutrientes, saudável, acessível e culturalmente inserida no hábito alimentar brasileiro. Tem-se observado que o fruto ainda nos estádios iniciais de maturação possui vantagens tanto na utilização culinária quanto dietoterápica, devido ao conteúdo expressivo de amido resistente e fibras, que apresenta. Contudo, ainda são escassos os estudos que demonstram a forma com que o processamento da banana verde impacta em sua composição química e, portanto, em suas aplicações culinárias e dietoterápicas. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a influência do processamento sobre as características físico-químicas, conteúdo de minerais e atividade antioxidante de duas cultivares de banana verde orgânica (Musa AAA, subgrupo Cavendish nanica e Musa ABB, subgrupo Sapientum marmelo). Os frutos foram colhidos em uma propriedade localizada no município de Adrianópolis-PR. Casca e polpa foram separadas e três processamentos realizados: desidratação por liofilização, desidratação em forno (farinha) e biomassa, totalizando 12 amostras de estudo. Inicialmente foi realizada a caracterização física dos frutos in natura e posteriormente as análises físico-químicas, de minerais e de antioxidantes em base seca. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que cascas da banana verde orgânica, independente da cultivar, são partes comestíveis que devem ser utilizadas na alimentação humana como ingrediente culinário, por ser especialmente superior à polpa no teor de fibras insolúveis e minerais. Observou-se também que o tipo de processamento teve influencia importante sobre o teor de amido resistente (até 4 vezes maior nas biomassas de casca e de polpa), já a farinha de banana verde apresentou a melhor quantificação mineral e de fibras. O estudo ainda demonstrou que os minerais em maior concentração na banana verde, em todas as amostras analisadas, foram: potássio, fósforo, magnésio e cálcio. Contudo, no alcance da IDR, o cromo e o manganês apresentaram as maiores contribuições diárias tanto na farinha quanto na biomassa. E na formulação teórica de farinha e de biomassa de banana verde, o cálcio foi o mineral comum às cultivares que teve melhor incremento com a utilização de 25% de casca na composição. Além disso, constatou-se que as cascas liofilizadas apresentaram o maior potencial antioxidante, com redução na farinha e na biomassa. Palavras-chave: Banana verde. Farinha de banana verde. Biomassa de banana verde. Culinária. Consumo de alimentos. Abstract: Banana (Musa spp.) is a tropical fruit produced and consumed worldwide. It is rich in nutrients, healthy, accessible and culturally inserted in the Brazilian eating habit. It has been observed that the fruit in the early stages of maturation has advantages in both culinary and diet therapy uses, due to the expressive content of resistant starch and fibers, which it presents. However, studies that demonstrate a way in which the processing of unripe bananas impact their chemical composition and, therefore, their culinary and dietary applications, are still scarce. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the processing on the physical characteristics, minerals content and antioxidant activity of two organic unripe banana cultivars (Musa AAA, subgroup Cavendish nanica and Musa ABB, subgroup Sapientum marmelo). The fruits were harvested on a property located in Adrianópolis- PR. Peel and pulp were separated and three processes were carried out: dehydration by lyophilization, dehydration in oven (flour) and biomass, totaling 12 study samples. Initially, the physical characterization of the fruits in natura was carried out and later the physical-chemical, mineral and antioxidant analyzes on a dry basis. The results found obtained that organic unripe banana peels, regardless of the cultivar, are edible parts that must be used in human food as a culinary ingredient, as it is especially superior to the pulp in the content of insoluble fibers and minerals. It was also observed that the type of processing had an important influence on the resistant starch content (up to 4 times higher in the peel and pulp biomass), whereas the unripe banana flour presented a better mineral and fiber quantification. The study also corrects that the minerals in greater concentration in the unripe banana, in all as analyzed, were: potassium, phosphorus, magnesium and calcium. However, in the scope of the IDR, chromium and manganese aggregate the largest contributions in both flour and biomass. And in the theoretical formulation of green banana flour and biomass, calcium was the mineral common to both cultivars that had the best increase with the use of 25% of peel in the composition. In addition, it was found that lyophilized peels had the greatest antioxidant potential, with a reduction in flour and biomass. Keywords: Green banana. Unripe banana flour. Unripe banana biomass. Cooking. Food consumption.
- Published
- 2020
25. Polissacarídeos das plantas Sedum Dendroideum e Casearia Sylvestris e suas atividades imunomoduladora e antiúlcera gástrica
- Author
-
Oliveira, Ana Flávia de, Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C., Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica), and Cipriani, Thales Ricardo, 1978
- Subjects
Bioquímica ,Ulcera gástrica ,Polissacarideos ,Casearia ,Imunomodulação - Abstract
Orientador : Prof. Dr. Thales Ricardo Cipriani Coorientadora : Profª. Drª. Lucimara M.C.Cordeiro Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências : Bioquímica. Defesa: Curitiba, 31/07/2017 Inclui referências ao final de cada capítulo Resumo: As plantas Sedum dendroideum e Casearia sylvestris, conhecidas popularmente como bálsamo e guaçatonga, respectivamente, são amplamente utilizadas pela população para diversas enfermidades, incluindo tratamento de úlceras e alterações relacionadas a processos inflamatórios. No presente trabalho foram avaliadas as atividades imunomoduladora e antiúlcera gástrica de polissacarídeos do infuso das folhas de S. dendroideum e C. sylvestris. O processo de infusão das folhas de S. dendroideum e as etapas de purificação (congelamento e degelo, e diálise em membrana de exclusão de 100 kDa), forneceu dois principais polissacarídeos RSBAL e ESBAL. RSBAL foi submetido a cromatografia de troca aniônica, com eluição sequencial por H2O e NaCl 0,5 M gerando, respectivamente, as frações RSBAL-H2O (25% de rendimento) e RSBAL-0.5 (62% de rendimento). Análises de metilação e RMN-HSQC permitiram caracterizar RSBAL-H2O como sendo uma homogalacturonana altamente metil-esterificada, constituída por unidades de ?-D-GalpA (1?4)-ligadas, e RSBAL-0.5 como sendo uma homogalacturonana altamente metil-esterificada, ramificada em O-3 por cadeias de arabinogalactana do tipo II e arabinana. RSBAL-H2O e RSBAL-0.5 foram capazes de estimular a secreção das citocinas TNF-?, IL1-? e IL-10 por macrófagos THP-1, atuando como agentes imunoestimuladores. Por outro lado, eles reduziram a secreção de TNF-? e IL1-? induzida por LPS, um agente pró-inflamatório, mostrando, portanto, efeito anti-inflamatório. Além disso, foi demonstrado que a fração RSBAL (RSBAL-H2O + RSBAL-0.5) apresenta efeito gastroprotetor, preservando o muco gástrico e os níveis de GSH em modelo de úlcera induzida por etanol em ratos. Com relação à C. sylvestris, a partir da infusão das suas folhas, seguida de processos de purificação (congelamento e degelo, e diálise em membrana de exclusão de 100 e 50 kDa), foram obtidas as frações R100, R50 e E50. Análises de metilação e RMN-HSQC permitiram caracterizar E50 como sendo uma fração constituída por arabinogalactana do tipo II, além de arabinanas com unidades de ?-L-Araf (1?3) e (1?5)-ligadas. O polissacarídeo bruto (R100 + R50 + E50) e a fração E50 foram capazes de promover proteção aguda contra úlcera gástrica induzida por etanol em ratos. Além disso, E50 também inibiu o desenvolvimento de úlcera crônica induzida por ácido acético em ratos. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho demonstram que os efeitos farmacológicos do infuso das plantas S. dendroideum e C. sylvestris são, podem ser promovidos por polissacarídeos. Palavras-chaves: Casearia sylvestris, Sedum dendroideum, polissacarídeos, atividade gastroprotetora, atividade imunomoduladora Abstract: The plants Sedum dendroideum and Casearia sylvestris, popularly known as balm and guaçatonga, respectively, are widely used by the population to treat various diseases, including ulcers and inflammatory processes. The present study evaluated the immunomodulatory and gastric antiulcer activities of polysaccharides from the infusion of S. dendroideum and C. sylvestris leaves. The infusion process of S. dendroideum leaves, followed by purification steps (freezing and thawing, and dialysis at 100 kDa cut-off membrane) provided two main polysaccharides (RSBAL and ESBAL). RSBAL was subjected to anion exchange chromatography, with sequential elution by H2O and 0.5 M NaCl generating the fractions RSBAL-H2O (25% yield) and RSBAL-0.5 (62% yield). Methylation and HSQC-NMR analyses allowed the characterization of RSBAL-H2O as a highly methyl-esterified homogalacturonan composed of ?-D-GalpA (1?4)-linked units; and RSBAL-0.5 as a highly methyl-esterified homogalacturonan, branched at O-3 by type II arabinogalactan and arabinan chains. RSBAL-H2O and RSBAL-0.5 were able to stimulate the secretion of the cytokines TNF-?, IL1-? and IL-10 by THP-1 macrophages, acting as immunostimulatory agents. On the other hand, they reduced the secretion of TNF-? and IL1-? induced by LPS, a pro-inflammatory agent, thus showing anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, it was demonstrated that the RSBAL fraction (RSBAL-H2O + RSBAL-0.5) has a gastroprotective effect, preserving gastric mucus and GSH levels in ethanol-induced ulcer model in rats. With respect to the C. sylvestris, fractions R100, R50 and E50 were obtained after infusion of its leaves, followed by purification processes (freezing and thawing, and dialysis at 100 and 50 kDa cut-off membranes). Methylation and HSQC-NMR analyses allowed characterizing E50 as a fraction consisting of type II arabinogalactan, as well as arabinans with ?-L-Araf units (1?3) and (1?5)-linked. The crude polysaccharide (R100 + R50 + E50) and E50 fraction were able to promote acute protection against ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Furthermore, E50 also inhibited the development of chronic ulcer induced by acetic acid in rats. The results obtained in this work demonstrate that the pharmacological effects of the infusion of the plants S. dendroideum and C. sylvestris are, can promoted by polysaccharides. Keywords: Casearia sylvestris, Sedum dendroideum, polysaccharides, gastroprotective activity, immunomodulatory activity
- Published
- 2017
26. Caracterização estrutural de polissacarídeos de frutos comestíveis da família Arecaceae e avaliação do seu potencial prebiótico in vitro
- Author
-
Jungles, Thaisa Moro Cantu, Cipriani, Thales Ricardo, 1978, Hamaker, Bruce, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica), and Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C.
- Subjects
Bioquímica ,Hemicelulose ,Polissacarideos ,Palmeira ,Pectina - Abstract
Orientador : Profª. Drª. Lucimara Mach Côrtes Cordeiro Coorientadores : Prof. Dr. Thales Ricardo Cipriani e Prof. Dr. Bruce Hamaker Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências : Bioquímica. Defesa: Curitiba, 19/12/2016 Inclui referências ao final de cada capítulo Resumo: Foi previamente postulado que a parede celular primária de membros da família Arecaceae (plantas monocotiledôneas comelinídeas) possuiria pectinas como principal polissacarídeo não celulósico, ao invés da hemicelulose arabinoxilana que é encontrada nas demais famílias comelinídeas. Entretanto, poucos estudos foram desenvolvidos no sentido de confirmar tal hipótese. Além disso, a estrutura e composição de polissacarídeos de plantas é um fator determinante das funcionalidades que estes poderão exercer quando consumidos pelo homem, como por exemplo, com função atividade prebiótica. O presente trabalho apresenta a caracterização estrutural de polissacarídeos extraídos dos frutos do buriti (Mauritia flexuosa), açaí (Euterpe oleracea), tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) e da pupunha (Bactris gasipaes), todos pertencentes à família Arecaceae, com foco nas suas relações filogenéticas, assim como na avaliação do potencial prebiótico in vitro de alguns dos seus polissacarídeos. Os polissacarídeos foram extraídos por extrações aquosa e alcalina a quente sequenciais. Foram fracionados por congelamento/degelo, tratamento com solução de Fehling, ultrafiltração, e tratamentos com ?-amilase e ácido tricloroacético. As moléculas obtidas foram caracterizadas por técnicas químicas, espectrométricas, espectroscópicas (RMN), cromatográficas (GC-MS e HPSEC) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (SEM). O potencial prebiótico de alguns dos polissacarídeos obtidos foi avaliado por meio do perfil de fermentação dos mesmos (produção de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta e ramificada, gás e alterações de pH) durante fermentação in vitro usando microbiota intestinal humana. Hemiceluloses foram encontradas como principal componente polissacarídico no tucumã (arabinoxilana> arabinana> glucuronoxilana> xiloglucana) e açaí (xilana linear). Este último também apresentou menores porções de polissacarídeos pécticos identificados como arabinogalactana do tipo II e homogalacturonana (DM = 88%). Com relação ao buriti, polissacarídeos pécticos ricos em arabinose foram encontrados em quantidades similares às hemiceluloses. Na pupunha, uma homogalacturonana (DM = 70%) com pequenas porções de xilogalacturonana e ramnogalacturonana do tipo I foram obtidas a partir do extrato aquoso. Entretanto, a caracterização de polissacarídeos da sua fração alcalina não foi realizada. Com relação ao potencial prebiótico dos polissacarídeos obtidos, polímeros com baixa solubilidade como a xilana (extraída do açaí), arabinoxilana e arabinana (extraídas do tucumã) nativos e tratados com microondas foram submetidos à fermentação in vitro. Embora nenhum dos substratos tenha sido fermentado na sua forma nativa, o tratamento com micro-ondas aumentou significativamente a produção de gás e ácidos graxos de cadeia curta, indicando maior fermentabilidade. Em especial, destaca-se a produção de butirato durante a fermentação da xilana tratada com microondas, que atingiu 28% do total de seus ácidos graxos de cadeia curta produzidos em 24 horas de fermentação. Alterações físicas dos polímeros após tratamento com micro-ondas, como teor de solubilidade e estrutura tridimensional foram observadas e podem estar associadas a maior fermentabilidade das frações após tal procedimento. Por fim, pectinas extraídas da pupunha foram submetidos à fermentação in vitro, e levaram a mesma produção de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta totais que o controle positivo (FOS), mas com maior produção de acetato (16.2%) e propionato (6.2%) e menor produção de butirato (112%) em relação a FOS. De maneira geral, os polissacarídeos encontrados na parede celular primária da família Arecaceae, apresentam maior variabilidade entre espécies do que previamente se havia suposto. Além disso, a compreensão de como a fermentação de diferentes estruturas químicas leva à produção de metabólitos distintos pela microbiota intestinal humana durante a fermentação de polissacarídeos solúveis e insolúveis aqui realizada, traz novas perspectivas para o desenvolvimento e aplicação de prebióticos. Palavras-chave: Arecaceae, comelinídeas, polissacarídeos, pectinas, hemiceluloses, atividade prebiótica. Abstract: It has been previously hypothesized that primary cell walls of Arecaceae family members (commelinid group of monocotyledonous plants) possess pectic polymers as main non-cellulosic constituents, instead of the hemicellulose arabinoxylan which is found in other commelinids families. However, few studies have been undertaken to confirm this hypothesis. Additionaly, the chemical structure of polysaccharides affects the functionalities that they may exert when consumed by man, such as prebiotic activity. This work presents the structural characterization of polysaccharides extracted from the fruits of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa), açaí (Euterpe oleracea), tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) and peach palm (Bactris gasipaes), all belonging to the Arecaceae family, focusing on their taxonomic relationships, as well as the assessment of potential prebiotic activities of some of their polysaccharides. Polysaccharides were extracted by sequential hot water and alkali extractions. They were fractionated by freeze/thawing, treatment with Fehling solution, ultrafiltration and treatment with ?-amylase and trichloroacetic acid. The molecules obtained were characterized by chemical, spectrometric, spectroscopic (NMR) and chromatographic (GC-MS, and HPSEC) techniques and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The prebiotic potential of some polysaccharides obtained was evaluated by their fermentation profile (production of short- and branched-chain fatty acids, gas and pH changes) during an in vitro fermentation with human intestinal microbiota. Hemicelluloses were found as the main component in tucumã (galactoarabinoxylan> arabinan> glucuronoxylan> xyloglucan) and açaí (linear xylan). The latter also presented smaller portions of pectic polysaccharides identified as a type II arabinogalactan and homogalacturonan (DM = 88%). Regarding buriti fruits, pectic polysaccharides rich in arabinan were found in similar amounts to the hemicellulosic ones previously found by our research group. In peach palm fruits, a homogalacturonan (DM = 70%) with small portions of xylogalacturonan and type I rhamnogalacturonan were found. However, polysaccharides on its alkali extracts were not evaluated. To evaluate the prebiotic potential of some extracted polymers, low solubility polysaccharides such as xylan (extracted from acai), arabinoxylan and arabinan (extracted from tucumã), native and microwaved, were sumbmitted to an in vitro fermentation. Although none of the substrates were fermented on their native forms, the treatment with microwaves significantly increased gas and short chain fatty acids production, indicating higher fermentability than native polymers. In particular, microwave treated xylan lead to higher butyrate production, which reached 28% of its total short chain fatty acid produced in 24 hours of fermentation. Polymers physical changes after microwave treatment such as solubility and tridimensional structure were observed and may be associated with its increased fermentation profile after this proceadure. Finally, pectic polysaccharides extracted from pupunha were also subjected to in vitro fermentation and led to the production of similar amounts of total short chain fatty acids than the positive control (FOS), but with a higher acetate and propionate production (16.2% and 6.2%, respectively) and lower butyrate production (112 %) than FOS. Overall, polysaccharides found in the primary cell walls of Arecaceae family members presented more variations between species than previously hypothesized. Furthermore, understanding how the polysaccharides chemical structures lead to the production of distinct metabolites generated during soluble and insoluble polysaccharides human microbiota fermentation brings new perspectives for the development and application of prebiotics. . Keywords: Arecaceae, commelinid, polysaccharides, pectins, hemicelluloses, prebiotic activity.
- Published
- 2017
27. Extração, purificação, caracterização estrutural e atividade antioxidante e antifadiga de pectinas obtidas da acerola (Malphigia emarginata)
- Author
-
Klosterhoff, Rafael Roberto, Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C., Iacomini, Marcello, 1947, and Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica)
- Subjects
Bioquímica ,Acerola ,Antioxidantes ,Pectina - Abstract
Orientadora : Profª Drª Lucimara M.C. Cordeiro Coorientador : Prof. Dr. Marcello Iacomini Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências : Bioquímica. Defesa: Curitiba, 30/03/2017 Inclui referências Resumo: Malpighia emarginata é uma planta frutífera tropical, encontrada naturalmente nas ilhas do Caribe e na América do Sul, seu fruto comestível é conhecido como Acerola ou Barbados Cherry. Seus polissacarídeos foram obtidos por extrações aquosas, submetidas ao processo de congelamento e descongelamento e por ultrafiltração. Foram realizadas análises de composição monossacarídica, HPSEC, metilação e obtidos espectros de RMN da fração purificada (ACWS-01E). Os resultados apresentaram uma pectina rica em arabinana, com massa molar de 6.1 x 104 g/mol e constituída principalmente por uma homogalacturonana altamente metil-esterificada (DM= 86%) e arabinanas ramificadas. Estas últimas estão ancoradas em regiões de ramnogalacturonana do tipo I. A cadeia principal das arabinanas são constituídas por unidades de ?-Araf (1?5)-ligadas ramificadas somente em O-3. A potencial atividade antioxidante intracelular da fração ACWS-01E contra o stress oxidativo induzido pelo H2O2 em linhagem celular de fibroblasto murino (3T3) foi determinada através da sonda DCFH-DA. O tratamento com a fração ACWS-01E reduziu significativamente o efeito citotóxico induzido pelo H2O2, assim como os níveis de ROS. Estes resultados sugerem que ACWS-01E protegeu e aumentou a viabilidade das células NIH-3T3 após toxicidade induzida pelo H2O2 através da diminuição dos níveis intracelulares de ROS. Uma nova extração foi realizada para obter quantidade suficiente de amostra para avaliar atividades biológicas in vivo, da fração denominada ACWS. Esta nova fração apresentou 93% de carboidratos totais, massa molar relativa de 7,5 × 104 g/mol, ácido galacturônico, arabinose, galactose, xilose e ramnose numa relação molar de 52,1:32,4:7,2:4,8:3,5 e teve sua estrutura confirmada por análises de RMN. A atividade antifadiga da fração ACWS foi avaliada utilizando o Weight load swim test. ACWS foi administrada via oral em doses de 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg e 200 mg/kg durante 28 dias. Foram determinados parâmetros bioquímicos plasmáticos, respiração de fibras musculares esqueléticas permeabilizadas e dosados níveis de GSH e lipoperoxidação (LPO) em diferentes áreas do cérebro (córtex pré-frontal, hipocampo, estriado e hipotálamo). ACWS prolongou o tempo de natação, aumentou os níveis plasmáticos de glucose, triglicérideos, lactato e os níveis de GSH no hipocampo em todas as doses testadas. A capacidade respiratória mitocondrial do músculo esquelético foi aumentada nas doses média e alta de ACWS. Este estudo fornece uma forte evidência de que a suplementação de polissacarídeos pécticos da M. emarginata tem atividade antifadiga, pode modificar a cinética da mobilização de substratos energéticos (carboidratos e gorduras) e a capacidade respiratória do músculo esquelético, bem como o status antioxidante no hipocampo dos animais. Palavras-chave: Malpighia emarginata, pectina, atividade antioxidante intracelular, atividade antifadiga. Abstract: Malpighia emarginata is a tropical fruit plant, found naturally in the Caribbean islands and South America that produces an edible fruit known as acerola or Barbados Cherry. Its polysaccharides were obtained by aqueous extraction, submitted to a freezing and thawing process and ultrafiltration. A homogeneous fraction (ACWS- 01E) was analyzed by sugar composition, HPSEC, methylation and NMR spectroscopy analyses. The results showed an arabinan-rich pectic polysaccharide, with 6.1 x 104 g/mol and formed mainly by a high methyl esterified (DM= 86%) homogalacturonan and branched arabinan. This latter is anchored in type I rhamnogalacturonan regions. The main chain of arabinan consisted of (1?5)-linked ?-Araf, branched only at O-3. The potential ACWS-01E intracellular antioxidant activity against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in murine fibroblast cell line (3T3) was determined by DCFH-DA assay. The treatment with ACWS-01E significantly reduced H2O2-induced cytotoxic effect and the levels of ROS. These findings suggested that ACWS-01E protected and improved NIH 3T3 cell viability from H2O2-induced toxicity by decreasing intracellular levels of ROS. A new extraction was performed to obtain sufficient amount of sample of ACWS fraction to perform biological activities in vivo. This fraction presented 93% of total carbohydrate, relative molecular weight of 7.5 × 104 g/mol, galacturonic acid, arabinose, galactose, xylose and rhamnose in 52.1:32.4:7.2:4.8:3.5 molar ratio and had its structure confirmed by NMR analysis. The anti-fatigue activity of ACWS was evaluated using the weight load swim test on trained mice. ACWS was orally administered at doses of 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg for 28 days. Plasma biochemical parameters, respiration of permeabilized skeletal muscle fibers, and GSH levels and lipoperoxidation (LPO) in the brain (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum and hypothalamus) were determined. ACWS could lengthen the swimming time, increase the plasma levels of glucose, triglycerides, lactate, and the GSH levels in the hippocampus at all tested doses. The mitochondrial respiratory capacity of the skeletal muscle was increased at middle and high ACWS dose. This study provides strong evidence that M. emarginata pectic polysaccharide supplementation have anti-fatigue activity, can modify the kinetics of energy substrates (carbohydrate and fat) mobilization and the respiratory capacity of the skeletal muscle, as well the antioxidant status in the hippocampus of ACWS treated animals. Keywords: Pectin; Malpighia emarginata; intracellular antioxidant activity, antifatigue activity.
- Published
- 2017
28. Estudo de polissacarídeos da carambola (Averhoa carambola L.) e da graviola (Annona muricata L.)
- Author
-
Leivas, Carolina Lopes, Iacomini, Marcello, 1947, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica), and Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C.
- Subjects
Bioquímica ,Carambola ,Hemicelulose ,Polissacarideos ,Graviola ,Atividade antinociceptiva ,Pectina - Abstract
Orientador : Profª. Drª. Lucimara M. C. Cordeiro Coorientadores : Prof. Dr. Marcelo Iacomini Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências : Bioquímica. Defesa: Curitiba, 21/12/2015 Inclui referências : f. 55-59-76-82-96-103-11-125-147-162 Resumo: A carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) é originária do continente asiático e tem sidocultivada em muitos países. Popularmente, os frutos são utilizados no tratamento devárias afecções e estudos científicos relatam atividades antioxidante ehipoglicemiante. A graviola (Annona muricata L.) é originária da América Central edo norte da América do Sul. No Brasil é cultivada principalmente nas regiõesnordeste, norte e sudeste. Apresenta diversas propriedades medicinais e estudoscientíficos estão sendo realizados, corroborando com os usos populares. O presentetrabalho apresenta a caraterização estrutural de polissacarídeos extraídos dos frutosde Averrhoa carambola L. e da polpa dos frutos de Annona muricata L. e avaliaçãoda atividade biológica de polissacarídeos purificados. Os polissacarídeos foramextraídos por extrações aquosa e alcalina a quente. Foram fracionados porcongelamento/degelo, tratamento com solução de Fehling, cromatografia de trocaaniônica, ultrafiltração, e tratamentos com ?-amilase, hipoclorito de sódio edimetilsulfóxido. As moléculas obtidas foram caracterizadas por técnicas químicas,espectrométricas, espectroscópicas (RMN) e cromatográficas (GC-MS e HPSEC). Afração SFSCK, proveniente do extrato alcalino da carambola, apresentou-secomposta por uma ramnogalacturonana tipo I com inserções de arabinogalactanatipo I e arabinana. Fucogalactoxiloglucana e heteroxilana foram caracterizadas nafração PFSCK proveniente do extrato alcalino da carambola. A partir do extratoaquoso da carambola foram caracterizadas duas frações contendo arabinogalactanatipo II (frações 50R e 10R) e uma fração (PFSCW) composta por galacturonanasubstituída. A galacturonana substituída reduziu em 99% a dor em modelo deedema de pata induzido por formalina, na dose de 300 mg/kg, a qual tambémreduziu o edema de pata em 53%, sugerindo efeito antinociceptivo decorrente doefeito anti-inflamátorio. Os extratos aquoso e alcalino da polpa da graviolaapresentaram alta concentração de amido. Foram observadas evidências dapresença de arabinogalactana tipo II na fração SGWaH50R e a presença dehomogalacturonana linear na fração PGWaH-PD-SR através dos deslocamentosquímicos observados nos espectros de RMN-13C. A fração PGKa, proveniente doextrato alcalino da graviola, apresentou-se composta por xilose e os deslocamentosquímicos em RMN-13C foram característicos de uma xilana linear ?-(1?4)-ligada. Afração PFSGKa, proveniente do extrato alcalino da graviola, apresentoudeslocamentos químicos no espectro de RMN-13C similares aos de uma xiloglucana.Palavras-chave: Averrhoa carambola L. Annona muricata L. Polissacarídeos.Pectinas. Hemiceluloses. Atividade Antinociceptiva. Atividade Anti-inflamatória. Abstract: Starfuit (Averrhoa carambola L.) is native of Asia and has been cultivated in manycountries. In folk medicine, the fruits are used in the treatment of many diseases andscientific studies report antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities. Soursop (Annonamuricata L.) is native of Central America and northern South America. In Brazil it isgrown mainly in the northeast, north and southeast. It has several medicinalproperties and scientific studies are being conducted, corroborating the popular uses.This work presents the structural characterization of polysaccharides extracted fromthe fruits of Averrhoa carambola L. and from the pulp of Annona muricata L. fruits,and evaluation of the biological activity of purified polysaccharides. Thepolysaccharides were extracted by hot aqueous and alkaline extractions.Polysaccharides were purified by freeze-thawing, Fehling treatment, anion exchangechromatography, ultrafiltration, and ?-amylase, sodium hypochlorite and dimethylsulfoxide treatments. The obtained molecules were characterized by chemical,spectrometric, spectroscopic (NMR) and chromatographic (GC-MS and HPSEC)techniques. Fraction SFSCK, from the alkaline extract of carambola, was composedof a rhamnogalacturonan I to which a branched arabinan and a type Iarabinogalactan are attached. Fucogalactoxyloglucan and heteroxylan werecharacterized in fraction PFSCK from the alkaline extract of carambola. From thestarfruit's aqueous extract two fractions containing type II arabinogalactans (fractions50R and 10R) and a fraction (PFSCW) containing a substituted galacturonan werecharacterized. Substituted galacturonan reduced 99% of the pain in a paw edemamodel induced by intraplantar injection of formalin in the dose of 300 mg/kg, whichalso reduced the paw edema in 53%, suggesting antinociceptive effect due to antiinflammatoryeffect. The aqueous and alkaline extracts of soursop pulp have a highconcentration of starch. It has been observed the presence of type II arabinogalactanin fraction SGWaH50R and the presence of a linear homogalacturonan in fractionPGWaH-PD-SR through the chemical shifts present in the 13C-NMR spectra. Thefraction PGKa, from the alkaline extract of soursop was composed of xylose and itschemical shifts in 13C-NMR were characteristic of a linear xylan ?-(1?4)-linked.Fraction PFSGKa, from the alkaline extract of soursop had chemical shifts in 13CNMRspectrum similar to a xyloglucan.Keywords: Averrhoa carambola L. Annona muricata L. Polysaccharides. Pectins.Hemicelluloses. Antinociceptive activity. Anti-inflammatory activity.
- Published
- 2015
29. Polissacarídeos de infusão de camomila (Chamomila recutita [L.] Rauschert) : caracterização estrutural e atividades antinociceptiva e antiúlcera gástrica
- Author
-
Chaves, Pedro Felipe Pereira, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica), and Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C.
- Subjects
Bioquímica ,Camomila ,Polissacarideos ,Matricaria - Abstract
Orientadora : Profª Drª Lucimara M. C. Cordeiro Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências : Bioquímica. Defesa: Curitiba, 25/08/2015 Inclui referências : f. 70-82 Resumo: Chamomilla recutita é comumente utilizada na fitoterapia e está incluída nas farmacopeias de quase todos os países. Esta espécie possui importantes propriedades farmacológicas, como por exemplo ação anti-inflamatória e sedativa. Alguns destes efeitos se devem à presença dos metabólitos secundários, mas não é sabido se outras moléculas, tais como polissacarídeos, trabalham em conjunto para estes efeitos. A caracterização estrutural destes polímeros é de suma importância para elucidar a relação entre as estruturas químicas com suas atividades biológicas. Poucos são os estudos realizados sobre a estrutura química e atividade biológica dos polissacarídeos da camomila e nenhum deles abordou a caracterização química fina destas moléculas. Para aprimorar o conhecimento científico da espécie e corroborar a eficácia dos usos populares, o presente estudo objetivou-se na elucidação química fina e avaliação das atividades antinociceptiva e gastroprotetora dos polissacarídeos presentes no infuso dos capítulos florais da camomila. Os capítulos florais secos foram submetidos a infusão (chá), que após concentração e precipitação com etanol (3x vol.) gerou um fracão bruta de polissacarídeos com rendimento de 3,2% (MRW) e uma fração sobrenadante etanólico com rendimento de 20,2% (MRW-ET). A partir da fração bruta foram purificadas e caracterizadas uma frutana do tipo inulina (SCETE-10E), uma homogalacturonana altamente metil esterificada e acetilada (DE = 87%, e DA = 19%) (SMRW-100R), uma 4-O-metil-glucuronoxilana (CTSN-100R) e uma arabinogalactana do tipo II (CCCEDE-EDEAE). A partir do sobrenadante etanólico foi investigado a presença de frutanas de baixa massa molar e realizada a verificação do grau de polimerização (DP) destas moléculas, que consistiu em polímeros de 2 a 11 unidades de ?-D-Frucf-(2?1). As amostras SCETE-10E, SMRW-100R e CTSN-100R foram submetidas a avaliação da atividade antinociceptiva in vivo, sendo que as frações SCETE-10E e SMRW-100R não mostraram diminuição na nocicepção e a fração CTSN-100R mostrou diminuição na nocicepção da fase aguda (Fase I) e inflamatória (Fase II). Devido a sintomas como sonolência e pelos ouriçados, na avaliação antinociceptiva de CTSN-100R, foi realizado o teste de campo aberto para verificar se o polissacarídeo poderia estar afetando os sistema locomotor dos animais. A partir deste teste foi verificada uma diminuição na locomoção dos animais e este resultado indica que a fração CTSN-100R poder ter obtido um falso positivo na avaliação da atividade antinociceptiva, e que a real atividade pode ser a sedativa. A fração MRW foi submetida a avaliação da atividade antiúlcera gástrica in vivo e mostrou diminuição na área das lesões causadas por etanol no estômago dos animais, indicando que a fração bruta de polissacarídeos apresenta atividade antiúlcera gástrica. Palavras chave: Camomila. Matricaria recutita. Polissacarídeos. Atividade antinociceptiva. Atividade antiúlcera gástrica. Abstract: Chamomilla recutita is one of most commonly used species in herbal medicine and is included in the pharmacopoeia of almost all countries. This species has valuable pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory and sedative effect. Some of these effects are attributed to the presence of secondary metabolites, but it is not known whether other molecules such as polysaccharides, are working together for this purpose. The structural characterization of these polymers is of paramount importance to elucidate the relationship between chemical structure with their biological activities. There are few studies on the chemical structure and biological activity of camomile polysaccharides and neither fulfilled the fine chemical characterization of these molecules. To improve scientific knowledge of the species and support the effectiveness of popular uses, this study aimed to elucidate the fine chemical structure and evaluate an antinociceptive and gastroprotective activity of the polysaccharides present in the infusion of chamomile flower chapters. The dried flower chapters were subjected to infusion (tea) which after concentration and precipitation with ethanol (3x vol.) generated a crude polysaccharide fraction in a yield of 3.2% (MRW) and a fraction ethanolic supernatant in a yield of 20.2% (MRW-ET). From the crude fraction were purified and characterized a inulin type fructan (SCETE-10E), a highly methyl esterified and acetylated homogalacturonan (DE = 87% and DA = 19%) (SMRW-100R) a 4-O-methyl-glucuronoxylan (CTSN-100R) and a type II arabinogalactan (CCCEDE-EDEAE). From the ethanolic supernatant was noticed the presence of low molar mass fructan and performed the verification of the degree of polymerization (DP) of these molecules, the polymers consisted of 2 to 11 units of ?-DFrucf-( 2 ?1). The SCETE-10E, SMRW-100R and 100R-CTSN samples were subjected to evaluation of in vivo antinociceptive activity, where SCETE-10E and SMRW-100R fractions showed no decrease in nociceptive perception and while CTSN-100R fraction showed decreased of nociception in acute (Phase I) and inflammatory (Phase II) phases. Due to symptoms such as drowsiness and piloerection, in CTSN-100R antinociceptive evaluation, open field test was performed to verify if the polysaccharide could be affecting the locomotor system of animals. From this test it was observed a decrease in locomotion of the animals and this result indicates that CTSN-100R fraction may has produced a false positive result of the antinociceptive activity and the real activity can be sedating. MRW fraction was subjected to evaluation of gastric anti-ulcer activity in vivo and showed a decrease in the area of the lesions caused by ethanol in the stomach of the animals, indicating that the crude fraction of polysaccharides has gastric anti-ulcer activity. Keywords: Chamomile. Matricaria recutita. Polysaccharides. Antinociceptive activity. Gastric antiulcer activity.
- Published
- 2015
30. Caracterização da estrutura química e avaliação da atividade antinociceptiva de polissacarídeos extraídos da polpa de Solanum betaceum
- Author
-
Nascimento, Georgia Erdmann do, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciencias Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduaçao em Bioquímica, Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C., and Iacomini, Marcello
- Subjects
Polissacarideos ,Atividade antinociceptiva ,Teses ,Solanacea - Abstract
Resumo: O tamarillo (Solanum betaceum), conhecido também pelo nome popular de tomate de árvore, é um fruto tropical exótico nativo dos Andes, de alto valor nutricional e utilizado em diversas preparações culinárias. Na medicina popular existem relatos de seu uso principalmente como antinociceptivo e anti-inflamatório. Como não existem na literatura trabalhos que caracterizem a estrutura química dos polissacarídeos presentes no fruto e que os relacionem com propriedades biológicas, este trabalho teve como objetivo elucidar a estrutura química dos polissacarídeos presentes na polpa do fruto maduro do tamarillo, bem como verificar o efeito antinociceptivo de uma galactoarabinoglucuronoxilana purificada. Os frutos, descascados e sem sementes, foram liofilizados e moídos, e após a deslipidificação com clorofórmio-metanol (1:1), a polpa foi submetida à extrações aquosas e alcalinas (KOH 10%) sob refluxo. A partir do extrato aquoso foi isolada e caracterizada (a) uma arabinana linear (1?5) ligada (PTW-Amil), (b) uma fração péctica contendo uma homogalacturonana (HG) altamente metil esterificada (DE = 71%, e DA = 1,3%) (PPF), provavelmente com inserções de ramnogalacturonana tipo I (RG-I) contendo cadeias laterais constituídas principalmente por arabinogalactanas tipo I (AG-I), e (c) uma arabinogalactana do tipo I presente nas frações AG-I 50E e 50R, contendo uma cadeia principal formada por unidades de ?-D-Galp (1?4) ligadas, parcialmente substituídas em O-3 por unidades de ?-L-Araf. Já a partir do extrato alcalino foram purificadas e caracterizadas duas galactoarabinoglucuronoxilanas (STK-1000R e PF), contendo uma cadeia principal constituída por unidades de ?-D-Xylp (1?4) ligadas, exclusivamente ramificadas em O-2. Aquela presente em STK-1000R é menos ramificada que a encontrada na fração PF, com cadeias laterais formadas por unidades de ?-L-Araf (1?5) ligadas, ?-D-GlcpA (1?4) ligadas e terminais não redutores formados por ?-L-Araf, ?-Arap, ?-D-Galp, ?-D-GlcpA e 4-O-Me-?-D-GlcpA. A administração intraperitonial da fração STK-1000R mostrou redução significativa na contorção abdominal induzida por 0,6% de ácido acético e na fase inflamatória da nocicepção induzida por 2,5% de formalina em camunondongos, indicando que o efeito da galactoarabinoglucuronoxilana na dor é através de mecanismos anti-inflamatórios.
- Published
- 2013
31. Caracterização da estrutura química e avaliação da atividade antiúlcera de polissacarídeos extraídos da ameixa seca (Prunus domestica)
- Author
-
Jungles, Thaisa Moro Cantu, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciencias Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduaçao em Bioquímica, Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C., and Cipriani, Thales Ricardo
- Subjects
Estrutura quimica ,Ameixa ,Teses - Abstract
Resumo: As ameixas secas são os frutos desidratados de Prunus domestica, que podem ser diretamente consumidos, ou ainda, empregados em diversas preparações culinárias. Além disso, em muitos países, as ameixas secas são popularmente utilizadas no tratamento de distúrbios gastrointestinais. Com relação a sua composição química, carboidratos são os principais macronutrientes presentes em ameixas secas. Entretanto, a estrutura de seus polissacarídeos ainda é pouco conhecida. Este trabalho apresenta a extração, a purificação e a caracterização estrutural e a atividade antiúlcera gástrica de polissacarídeos de ameixas secas. As ameixas secas tiveram seus polissacarídeos extraídos por extração aquosa em temperatura ambiente e a quente, e extração alcalina a quente. Após diversas etapas de purificação dos polissacarídeos provenientes do extrato aquoso da ameixa, foram originadas as frações AGI-50R e AGI-50E, que apresentaram-se homogêneas quando analisados por HPSEC-MALLS, com Mw de 62 kDa e 17 kDa, respectivamente. A composição monossacarídica de AGI-50R e AGI-50E indicou a presença de Ara, Gal, Rha e GalA numa proporção molar de 47,8:31,5:10,7:10,0 e 39,6:50,3:5,1:5,0, respectivamente. Análise de metilação e espectroscopia de RMN-13C indicaram que ambos os polissacarídeos eram arabinogalactanas do tipo I (AG-I), formadas por cadeias principais compostas por unidades de ?-D-Galp (1?4) ligadas, substituídas em O-3, O-2 e O-6 por terminais não-redutores de ?-L-Araf ou cadeias laterais de ?-L-Araf (1?3), (1?5), (1?3,5) e (1?2,5) ligadas. Estas AG-I, por sua vez, estão inseridas na posição O-4 de algumas unidades de ramnose, de uma ramnogalacturonana do tipo I (RG-I), formada pela repetição da unidade dissacarídica [?4)-?-D-GalpA-(1?2)-?-L-Rhap-(1?]. Além da massa molecular, AGI-50E e AGI-50R diferiram quanto às proporções de RG-I e AG-I, no tamanho da cadeia de ?-Galp (1?4) ligada, e na proporção das cadeias laterais de arabinanas. Com relação ao extrato alcalino, após diversas etapas de purificação, foi obtida a fração PF-SPK-100R, que contém Fuc, Ara, Xyl, Gal e Glc em uma razão molar de 3,5:12,7:34,0:11,2:38,6. Análises de metilação e espectroscopia de RMN-13C indicaram que a fração contém uma xiloglucana composta por uma cadeia principal de Glcp (1?4) ligada, com substituições em O-6 por unidades de xilose. Unidades de Xylp terminais, (1?2), (1?4) e (1?2,4) ligadas foram encontradas, sendo estas duas últimas raramente encontradas em xiloglucanas. Outros açúcares pouco comuns também foram identificados na fração. Estes poderiam estar diretamente ligados à xiloglucana, ou ainda, ser oriundos de outros polissacarídeos que poderiam estar presentes em menor concentração. Por este motivo, um estudo detalhado dos oligossacarídeos produzidos por hidrólise enzimática específica, deverá ser conduzido futuramente para completa elucidação estrutural desta xiloglucana. Além da caracterização estrutural dos polissacarídeos presentes na ameixa seca, a atividade gastroprotetora dos mesmos foi avaliada. Para isto, utilizou-se o extrato aquoso bruto, que foi capaz de inibir a formação de lesão gástrica induzida por etanol em ratos, em 67 ± 11% e 60 ± 12% nas doses de 3 e 10 mg/kg, respectivamente. Portanto, este resultado mostra que polissacarídeos presentes em ameixas secas apresentam atividade protetora antiúlcera gástrica.
- Published
- 2013
32. Análise estrutural de polissacarídeos de Myrmecia biatorellae, fotobionte do líquen Lobaria linita
- Author
-
Beilke, Flavio, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciencias Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduaçao em Botânica, and Cordeiro, Lucimara Mach C.
- Subjects
Polissacarideos ,Liquens ,Teses ,Microalga - Abstract
Resumo
- Published
- 2012
33. Starting a surgical prehabilitation program: results from a pragmatic nonrandomized feasibility study.
- Author
-
Randall IM, Au D, Sibley D, Matthew AG, Chen M, Brahmbhatt P, Mach C, Sellers D, Alibhai SMH, Clarke H, Darling G, McCluskey SA, McKinney L, Ng K, Quereshy F, Karkouti K, and Santa Mina D
- Abstract
Purpose: We sought to assess the feasibility and estimate the effects on outcomes of a multimodal prehabilitation service implemented as an ancillary surgical service., Methods: We conducted a pragmatic, nonrandomized feasibility study of surgical prehabilitation. Patients were eligible if they were ≥ 18 yr of age, fluent in English, and referred by a health professional for prehabilitation. Participants received an individualized program of preoperative exercise, nutrition, psychological, and/or smoking cessation support. The primary outcome was operational feasibility, including referral volume, enrolment rate, prehabilitation window, engagement, completion rate, and safety. Secondary outcomes included surgical complications, length of hospital stay, readmission, quality of life, and physical and mental health. Qualitative data related to intervention feasibility and acceptability. We compared intervention participants with patients who were referred for, but declined, prehabilitation., Results: One hundred and sixteen patients were referred for prehabilitation. The mean age of referred patients was 71 yr and 55% were male. Over 90% of referrals were from surgical oncology, and the most common indication for referral was frailty (46%). Of the 116 referred patients, 83 consented to participate in the study. Patient-reported and objectively measured outcomes improved by a clinically important margin from baseline to presurgery, and returned to presurgery levels by 90 days postoperatively. Qualitative findings suggest that the prehabilitation intervention was well received., Conclusion: Multimodal surgical prehabilitation is feasible as an integrated clinical service and may be effective for improving physical and psychological outcomes. Further evaluations of clinically integrated prehabilitation programs in Canada are needed to confirm these findings., (© 2024. Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. TOward a comPrehensive supportive Care intervention for Older men with metastatic Prostate cancer (TOPCOP3): A pilot randomized controlled trial and process evaluation.
- Author
-
Alibhai SMH, Puts M, Jin R, Godhwani K, Antonio M, Abdallah S, Feng G, Krzyzanowska MK, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E, Papadopoulos E, Mach C, Nasiri F, Sridhar SS, Glicksman R, Moody L, Bender J, Clarke H, Matthew A, McIntosh D, Klass W, and Emmenegger U
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Humans, Male, Androgen Receptor Antagonists therapeutic use, Neoplasm Metastasis, Pilot Projects, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Geriatric Assessment methods, Prostatic Neoplasms pathology, Prostatic Neoplasms therapy, Quality of Life
- Abstract
Introduction: Current management of metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) includes androgen receptor axis-targeted therapy (ARATs), which is associated with substantial toxicity in older adults. Geriatric assessment and management and remote symptom monitoring have been shown to reduce toxicity and improve quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy, but their efficacy in patients being treated with ARATs has not been explored. The purpose of this study is to examine whether these interventions, alone or in combination, can improve treatment tolerability and quality of life (QOL) for older adults with metastatic prostate cancer on ARATs., Materials and Methods: TOPCOP3 is a multi-centre, factorial pilot clinical trial coupled with an embedded process evaluation. The study includes four treatment arms: geriatric assessment and management (GA + M); remote symptom monitoring (RSM); geriatric assessment and management plus remote symptom monitoring; and usual care and will be followed for six months. The aim is to recruit 168 patients between two cancer centres in Toronto, Canada. Eligible participants will be randomized equally via REDCap. Participants in all arms will complete a comprehensive baseline assessment upon enrollment following the Geriatric Core dataset, as well as follow-up assessments at 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 months. The co-primary outcomes will be grade 3-5 toxicity and QOL. Toxicities will be graded using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. QOL will be measured by patient self-reporting using the EuroQol 5 dimensions of health questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include fatigue, insomnia, and depression. Finally, four process evaluation outcomes will also be observed, namely feasibility, fidelity, and acceptability, along with implementation barriers and facilitators., Discussion: Data will be collected to observe the effects of GA + M and RSM on QOL and toxicities experienced by older adults receiving ARATs for metastatic prostate cancer. Data will also be collected to help the design and conduct of a definitive multicentre phase III randomized controlled trial. This study will extend supportive care interventions for older adults with cancer into new areas and inform the design of larger trials., Trial Registration: The trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (registration number: NCT05582772)., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Dr. Krzyzanowska reports grants and personal fees from Eisai, grants and personal fees from Lilly, personal fees from Ipsen, personal fees from Bayer, grants from Exelixis, all outside the submitted work. Dr. Glicksman reports grants from Astellas Pharma, grants and personal fees from TreSera, personal fees from Bayer, personal fees from Tolmar, personal fees from Knight Therapeutics, all outside the submitted work. Dr. Emmenegger reports personal fees from Amgen, personal fees from AstraZeneca, grants and personal fees from Astellas, grants and personal fees from Bayer, grants and personal fees from Janssen, grants and personal fees from Merck, grants and personal fees from Novartis, personal fees from Pfizer, grants from Clovis, grants from Roche-Genentech, all outside the submitted work., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Propagation of THz radiation in air over a broad range of atmospheric temperature and humidity conditions.
- Author
-
Taleb F, Alfaro-Gomez M, Al-Dabbagh MD, Ornik J, Viana J, Jäckel A, Mach C, Helminiak J, Kleine-Ostman T, Kürner T, Koch M, Mittleman DM, and Castro-Camus E
- Abstract
As the need for higher data rates for communication increases, the terahertz (THz) band has drawn considerable attention. This spectral region promises a much wider bandwidth and the transmission of large amounts of data at high speeds. However, there are still challenges that need to be addressed before the THz telecommunications technology hits the consumer market. One of the recurring concerns is that THz radiation is greatly absorbed by atmospheric water-vapor. Although many studies have presented the attenuation of THz signals under different atmospheric conditions, these results analyze specific temperature or humidity values, leaving the need for a more comprehensive analysis over a wider range of climate conditions. In this work, we present the first study of the attenuation of THz radiation over a broad range of temperatures and humidity values. It is worth noticing that all of our measurements have been undertaken at atmospheric pressure unlike many previous studies where the pressure was not kept constant for various temperatures. Furthermore, we extend our analysis beyond the impact of absolute humidity on the bit error rate in THz communications. We also discuss the refractivity of the atmosphere, examining its variations across different temperatures and humidity levels. THz propagation is studied using two different measurement systems, a long-path THz time-domain spectrometer as well as a quasi-optic setup with vector network analyze. We also compare the results with the ITU-R P.676-13 propagation model. We conclude that the attenuation at the absorption peaks increases linearly with water content and has no dependence on the temperature, while the refractive index, away from absorption lines, namely at 300 GHz shows a sub-linear increase with humidity., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Exploring the Needs of Adults Living With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes Distress Using the Problem Areas in Diabetes 5 Tool.
- Author
-
Mach C, Bulanadi J, Gucciardi E, Segal P, and De Melo M
- Subjects
- Humans, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Canada epidemiology, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, Stress, Psychological etiology, Stress, Psychological psychology, Depression epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 psychology
- Abstract
Objectives: This study investigated the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a screening tool as a part of routine care and the subsequent screening experiences of patients and clinicians. Additionally, potential sources of diabetes distress (DD) were identified in this clinical population., Methods: Our investigation was a cross-sectional, mixed-methods, convenience sample of 203 patients living with type 1 or type 2 diabetes from 2 Canadian tertiary hospital-based clinics. The Problem Areas in Diabetes 5 (PAID5) scale was used to assess DD. Structured telephone interviews of patients with high DD scores and care provider focus group transcriptions were analyzed using a deductive thematic content analysis., Results: The prevalence of DD was 45%. Lack of medication coverage (p=0.02) and presence of neuropathy (p=0.04) were approximately 5- and 2-fold more likely to be predictors of high DD, respectively. Patient interviews identified DD screening as an opportunity to share and feel supported but demonstrated their fear of discussing mental health concerns. Patients found discussion about mental health helpful and often did not require a referral to a mental health specialist. Staff focus groups discussed screening as a feasible tool, but also acknowledged barriers and knowledge gaps that preclude DD screening integration in routine clinical practice. Specialized training for clinicians may help increase confidence and improve uptake of DD screening into routine clinical practice., Conclusions: The prevalence of DD in outpatient care settings is high. Findings suggest that integrating the PAID5 screening tool into regular clinical practice is feasible by patients and care providers., (Crown Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Unicentric form of Castleman´s disease, pitfalls of diagnosis and surgical treatment.
- Author
-
Molacek J, Treska V, Skalicky T, Vodicka J, Ferda J, Ferdova E, Baxa J, Mach C, Jungova A, and Michal M
- Abstract
Background: Castleman´s disease is an extremely rare heterogenous lymphoproliferative pathology with a mostly benign behavior. It is a localized or generalized lymph node enlargement of an unknown aetiology. Unicentric form is typically a slow-growing solitary mass occurring mostly in the mediastinum, abdominal cavity, retroperitoneum, pelvis and neck. Aetiology and pathogenesis of CD is probably diverse, varying in different types of this heterogeneous disease., Materials and Methods: Authors present a review of this issue based on their extensive experience. The aim is to summarize the crucial factors in the management of diagnostics and a surgical treatment of the unicentric form of Castleman´s disease. One of the key issues in the unicentric form is precise preoperative diagnostics and thus choosing the right surgical treatment strategy. Authors highlight pitfalls of the diagnosis and surgical treatment., Results: All histological types such as a hyaline vascular type, plasmacytic type and a mixed type are presented as well as options of surgical and conservative treatment. Differential diagnosis and malignant potential is discussed., Conclusion: Patients with Castleman´s disease should be treated in the high- volume centers, with a great experience in major surgical procedures as well as with preoperative imaging diagnostic techniques. Specialized pathologists and oncologists focusing on this issue are also absolutely necessary to avoid misdiagnosis. Only this complex approach can lead to excellent outcomes in patients with UCD., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Molacek, Treska, Skalicky, Vodicka, Ferda, Ferdova, Baxa, Mach, Jungova and Michal.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Impact of hematologic toxicities during concurrent chemoradiation for cervical cancer.
- Author
-
Shi F, Yoder AK, Mach C, Dalwadi S, Anderson ML, Hall TR, and Ludwig MS
- Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prognostic significance of hematological toxicities during cervical cancer treatment., Methods: Patients treated for cervical carcinoma with definitive chemoradiation were identified. Toxicities were assessed during weeks 1 to 6 of concurrent external beam radiation and chemotherapy. Outcomes were analyzed using Cox regression analysis., Results: One hundred twenty-one patients with Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I-III disease were eligible for analysis. Median age at diagnosis was 45 years (interquartile range, 40-52) with median follow-up time of 34 months (95% confidence interval, 30.8-37.2). All patients experienced some grade of hematologic toxicity. The most common grade 3+ toxicities were low absolute lymphocyte count (n=115, 95%), low white blood cell count (n=21, 17%), and anemia (n=11, 9%). The most common grade 4 toxicity was lymphopenia, experienced by 36% of patients (n=44). Grade 4 lymphopenia was associated with reduced overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 4.5; P=0.005), progression-free survival (HR, 3.4; P=0.001), and local control (HR, 4.1; P=0.047). Anemia grade 3, 4 was also associated with reduced overall survival (HR, 4.1; P=0.014). After controlling for disease and treatment variables, grade 4 lymphopenia remained significantly associated with reduced overall survival (HR, 9.85; P=0.007). The association with grade 4 lymphopenia only remained significant in women of Hispanic ethnicity., Conclusion: Severe lymphopenia was associated with reduced overall survival and progression-free survival in Hispanic women undergoing definitive chemoradiation for cervical cancer, but not associated with outcomes in non-Hispanic women.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Prenatal exome sequencing in 65 fetuses with abnormality of the corpus callosum: contribution to further diagnostic delineation.
- Author
-
Heide S, Spentchian M, Valence S, Buratti J, Mach C, Lejeune E, Olin V, Massimello M, Lehalle D, Mouthon L, Whalen S, Faudet A, Mignot C, Garel C, Blondiaux E, Lefebvre M, Quenum-Miraillet G, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Milh M, Bretelle F, Portes VD, Guibaud L, Putoux A, Tsatsaris V, Spodenkiewic M, Layet V, Dard R, Mandelbrot L, Guet A, Moutton S, Gorce M, Nizon M, Vincent M, Beneteau C, Rocchisanni MA, Benachi A, Saada J, Attié-Bitach T, Guilbaud L, Maurice P, Friszer S, Jouannic JM, de Villemeur TB, Moutard ML, Keren B, and Héron D
- Subjects
- Child, Female, Fetus diagnostic imaging, Humans, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Corpus Callosum diagnostic imaging, Exome genetics
- Abstract
Purpose: Abnormality of the corpus callosum (AbnCC) is etiologically a heterogeneous condition and the prognosis in prenatally diagnosed cases is difficult to predict. The purpose of our research was to establish the diagnostic yield using chromosomal microarray (CMA) and exome sequencing (ES) in cases with prenatally diagnosed isolated (iAbnCC) and nonisolated AbnCC (niAbnCC)., Methods: CMA and prenatal trio ES (pES) were done on 65 fetuses with iAbnCC and niAbnCC. Only pathogenic gene variants known to be associated with AbnCC and/or intellectual disability were considered., Results: pES results were available within a median of 21.5 days (9-53 days). A pathogenic single-nucleotide variant (SNV) was identified in 12 cases (18%) and a pathogenic CNV was identified in 3 cases (4.5%). Thus, the genetic etiology was determined in 23% of cases. In all diagnosed cases, the results provided sufficient information regarding the neurodevelopmental prognosis and helped the parents to make an informed decision regarding the outcome of the pregnancy., Conclusion: Our results show the significant diagnostic and prognostic contribution of CMA and pES in cases with prenatally diagnosed AbnCC. Further prospective cohort studies with long-term follow-up of the born children will be needed to provide accurate prenatal counseling after a negative pES result.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Specificity and sensitivity of the Self-assessment of Negative Symptoms (SNS) in patients with schizophrenia.
- Author
-
Dollfus S, Delouche C, Hervochon C, Mach C, Bourgeois V, Rotharmel M, Tréhout M, Vandevelde A, Guillin O, and Morello R
- Subjects
- Adult, Area Under Curve, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Psychotic Disorders diagnosis, Psychotic Disorders psychology, ROC Curve, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Self Report, Sensitivity and Specificity, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psychotic Disorders physiopathology, Schizophrenia physiopathology, Schizophrenic Psychology
- Abstract
Objectives: Negative symptoms can be present at any stage of schizophrenia but their evaluation remains challenging. Self-evaluations may be particularly useful in screening negative symptoms quickly and effectively. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity, the specificity, and the threshold beyond which the negative symptoms are considered pathological in a comparative study between patients with schizophrenia and healthy subjects using the Self-assessment of Negative Symptoms (SNS)., Methods: One hundred and nine patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders (DSM-5) and 99 healthy controls were included and evaluated with the SNS. AUROC analyses were performed to assess the discriminant performance of the SNS scale for screening negative symptoms in the whole sample of patients but also in 2 patient sub-samples without high scores of depression or negative symptoms., Results: The SNS (AUROC = 0.942 ± 0.046; p < 0.001) appears to be an appropriate screening tool for distinguishing between SZ and HC with a threshold value of 7, and the sensitivity and specificity were 92.7% (95CI = [86.1-96.8]) and 85.9% (95CI = [77.4-92.1]) respectively. A threshold at 7 was also observed in the samples without patients with high level of depressive or negative symptoms., Conclusion: These results indicate that SNS might be a valuable tool for screening negative symptoms in clinical practice regardless the level of depressive and negative symptoms. Further studies using SNS in subjects at high risk for psychosis or with a first psychotic episode would be useful in the detection of negative symptoms., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Methylation deficiency of chromatin proteins is a non-mutational and epigenetic-like trait in evolved lines of the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus .
- Author
-
Johnson T, Payne S, Grove R, McCarthy S, Oeltjen E, Mach C, Adamec J, Wilson MA, Van Cott K, and Blum P
- Subjects
- Adaptation, Physiological, Protein Domains, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Transcriptome, Archaeal Proteins chemistry, Archaeal Proteins genetics, Archaeal Proteins metabolism, DNA-Binding Proteins chemistry, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Directed Molecular Evolution, Epigenesis, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Archaeal, Quantitative Trait Loci, Sulfolobus solfataricus chemistry, Sulfolobus solfataricus genetics, Sulfolobus solfataricus metabolism
- Abstract
Archaea are a distinct and deeply rooted lineage that harbor eukaryotic-like mechanisms, including several that manage chromosome function. In previous work, the thermoacidophilic crenarchaeon, Sulfolobus solfataricus , was subjected to adaptive laboratory evolution to produce three strains, called SARC, with a new heritable trait of super acid resistance. These strains acquired heritable conserved transcriptomes, yet one strain contained no mutations. Homologous recombination without allele replacement at SARC acid resistance genes caused changes in both phenotype and expression of the targeted gene. As recombination displaces chromatin proteins, their involvement was predicted in the SARC trait. Native chromatin proteins are basic and highly abundant and undergo post-translational modification through lysine monomethylation. In this work, their modification states were investigated. In all SARC lines, two chromatin proteins, Cren7 and Sso7d, were consistently undermethylated, whereas other chromatin proteins were unaltered. This pattern was heritable in the absence of selection and independent of transient exposure to acid stress. The bulk of Sso7d was undermethylated at three contiguous N-terminal lysine residues but not at central or C-terminal regions. The N-terminal region formed a solvent-exposed patch located on the opposite side of the binding domain associated with the DNA minor groove. By analogy to eukaryotic histones, this patch could interact with other chromosomal proteins and be modulated by differential post-translational modification. Previous work established an epigenetic-like mechanism of adaptation and inheritance in S. solfataricus The identification of heritable epigenetic marks in this work further supports the occurrence of an epigenetic process in archaea., (© 2019 Johnson et al.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Secretion and fusion of biogeochemically active archaeal membrane vesicles.
- Author
-
Johnson TB, Mach C, Grove R, Kelly R, Van Cott K, and Blum P
- Subjects
- Archaea physiology, Archaeal Proteins metabolism, Archaea metabolism
- Abstract
Microbes belonging to the genus Metallosphaera oxidize sulfidic minerals. These organisms thrive at temperature extremes and are members of the archaeal phylum Crenarchaeota. Because they can employ a lithoautotrophic metabolism, energy availability likely limits their activity raising questions about how they conduct biogeochemical activity. Vesicles are membrane encapsulated structures produced by all biological lineages but using very different mechanisms. Across the Crenarchaeota, it has been proposed that a eukaryotic-like Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport system promotes formation of these structures but in response to unknown signals and for undefined purposes. To address such questions, Metallosphaera sedula vesicle formation and function were studied under lithoautotrophic conditions. Energy deprivation was evaluated and found to stimulate vesicle synthesis while energy excess repressed vesicle formation. Purified vesicles adhered rapidly to the primary copper ore, chalcopyrite, and formed compact monolayers. These vesicle monolayers catalyzed iron oxidation and solubilization of mineralized copper in a time-dependent process. As these activities were membrane associated, their potential transfer by vesicle fusion to M. sedula cells was examined. Fluorophore-loaded vesicles rapidly transferred fluorescence under environmentally relevant conditions. Vesicles from a related archaeal species were also capable of fusion; however, this process was species-specific as vesicles from different species were incapable of fusion. In addition, vesicles produced by a copper-resistant M. sedula cell line transferred copper extrusion capacity along with improved viability over mutant M. sedula cells lacking copper transport proteins. Membrane vesicles may therefore play a role in modulating energy-related traits in geochemical environments by fusion-mediated protein delivery., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Lessons learned in applying the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research methodology to translating Canadian Emergency Department Information System Presenting Complaints List into German.
- Author
-
Brammen D, Greiner F, Dormann H, Mach C, Wrede C, Ballaschk A, Stewart D, Walker S, Oesterling C, and Kulla M
- Subjects
- Canada, Female, Germany, Humans, Internationality, Male, Research Design, Societies, Medical, Economics, Pharmaceutical, Emergency Service, Hospital organization & administration, Hospital Information Systems, Outcome Assessment, Health Care methods, Practice Guidelines as Topic standards, Translating
- Abstract
Objectives: The patient's presenting complaint guides diagnosis and treatment in the emergency department, but there is no classification system available in German. The Canadian Emergency Department Information System (CEDIS) Presenting Complaint List (PCL) is available only in English and French. As translation risks the altering of meaning, the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) has set guidelines to ensure translational accuracy. The aim of this paper is to describe our experiences of using the ISPOR guidelines to translate the CEDIS PCL into German., Materials and Methods: The CEDIS PCL (version 3.0) was forward-translated and back-translated in accordance with the ISPOR guidelines using bilingual clinicians/translators and an occupationally mixed evaluation group that completed a self-developed questionnaire., Results: The CEDIS PCL was forward-translated (four emergency physicians) and back-translated (three mixed translators). Back-translation uncovered eight PCL items requiring amendment. In total, 156 comments were received from 32 evaluators, six of which resulted in amendments., Conclusion: The ISPOR guidelines facilitated adaptation of a PCL into German, but the process required time, language skills and clinical knowledge. The current methodology may be applicable to translating the CEDIS PCL into other languages, with the aim of developing a harmonized, multilingual PCL.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Copy Number Variations Found in Patients with a Corpus Callosum Abnormality and Intellectual Disability.
- Author
-
Heide S, Keren B, Billette de Villemeur T, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Depienne C, Nava C, Mignot C, Jacquette A, Fonteneau E, Lejeune E, Mach C, Marey I, Whalen S, Lacombe D, Naudion S, Rooryck C, Toutain A, Caignec CL, Haye D, Olivier-Faivre L, Masurel-Paulet A, Thauvin-Robinet C, Lesne F, Faudet A, Ville D, des Portes V, Sanlaville D, Siffroi JP, Moutard ML, and Héron D
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors genetics, Cell Cycle Proteins genetics, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosome Duplication, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8, Female, Hedgehog Proteins genetics, Humans, Male, Microarray Analysis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prospective Studies, Young Adult, Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1 genetics, Agenesis of Corpus Callosum genetics, DNA Copy Number Variations, Intellectual Disability genetics
- Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the role that chromosomal micro-rearrangements play in patients with both corpus callosum abnormality and intellectual disability, we analyzed copy number variations (CNVs) in patients with corpus callosum abnormality/intellectual disability STUDY DESIGN: We screened 149 patients with corpus callosum abnormality/intellectual disability using Illumina SNP arrays., Results: In 20 patients (13%), we have identified at least 1 CNV that likely contributes to corpus callosum abnormality/intellectual disability phenotype. We confirmed that the most common rearrangement in corpus callosum abnormality/intellectual disability is inverted duplication with terminal deletion of the 8p chromosome (3.2%). In addition to the identification of known recurrent CNVs, such as deletions 6qter, 18q21 (including TCF4), 1q43q44, 17p13.3, 14q12, 3q13, 3p26, and 3q26 (including SOX2), our analysis allowed us to refine the 2 known critical regions associated with 8q21.1 deletion and 19p13.1 duplication relevant for corpus callosum abnormality; report a novel 10p12 deletion including ZEB1 recently implicated in corpus callosum abnormality with corneal dystrophy; and) report a novel pathogenic 7q36 duplication encompassing SHH. In addition, 66 variants of unknown significance were identified in 57 patients encompassed candidate genes., Conclusions: Our results confirm the relevance of using microarray analysis as first line test in patients with corpus callosum abnormality/intellectual disability., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Self-Evaluation of Negative Symptoms: A Novel Tool to Assess Negative Symptoms.
- Author
-
Dollfus S, Mach C, and Morello R
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reproducibility of Results, Diagnostic Self Evaluation, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales standards, Psychometrics instrumentation, Psychotic Disorders diagnosis, Schizophrenia diagnosis
- Abstract
Many patients with schizophrenia have negative symptoms, but their evaluation is a challenge. Thus, standardized assessments are needed to facilitate identification of these symptoms. Many tools have been developed, but most are based on observer ratings. Self-evaluation can provide an additional outcome measure and allow patients to be more engaged in their treatment. The aim of this study was to present a novel tool, Self-evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS), and demonstrate its validity. Forty-nine patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders according to DSM-5 were evaluated. Cronbach's coefficient (α = 0.867) showed good internal consistency. Factor analysis extracted 2 factors (apathy and emotional) that accounted for 75.2% of the variance. The SNS significantly correlated with the Scale of Assessment of Negative Symptoms (r= 0.628) and the Clinician Global Impression on the severity of negative symptoms (r= 0.599), supporting good convergent validity. SNS scores did not correlate with level of insight (r= 0.008), Parkinsonism (r= 0.175) or Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale positive subscores (r= 0.253), which indicates good discriminant validity. The intrasubject reliability of the SNS revealed excellent intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC = 0.942). Taken together, the results show that the SNS has good psychometric properties and satisfactory acceptance by patients. The study also demonstrates the ability of patients with schizophrenia to accurately report their own experiences. Self-assessments of negative symptoms should be more widely employed in clinical practice because they may allow patients with schizophrenia to develop appropriate coping strategies., (© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. [Scale for assessing negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A systematic review].
- Author
-
Mach C and Dollfus S
- Subjects
- Emotions, Humans, Self Report, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Schizophrenic Psychology
- Abstract
Introduction: Negative symptoms are a fundamental dimension of schizophrenia despite their limited role in the international diagnostic classification. Although a consensual definition seems to be attempted regarding the main negative dimensions (anhedonia, alogia, social withdrawal, blunted affect, avolition), several standardized assessment scales have been created., Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify a set of unidimensional instruments which allows an assessment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia and also to identify their general characteristics and the items included., Methods: Inclusion criteria were: (a) the unidimensional assessment scales of negative symptoms of schizophrenia; (b) instruments in English (with French versions if possible); (c) all assessment instruments, the oldest and the most recent. The investigation ended in February 2013., Results: Twelve unidimensional instruments were identified with only one of them based on a self-administered survey (MAP-SR). The number of items included is from 6 (SDS) to 25 (SANS). The fastest instrument is the HEN (5-10min) and the longest is the SANS (30min). The MASS needs an evaluation by another person (family or care-giver). Most instruments need to be handled and take place during a semi-structured or structured psychiatric interview. The SANS allows an assessment of the most important number of negative domains (11 domains). On the other side, we have the MAP-SR (3 domains). The most frequently evaluated domains are emotional blunting, alogia, social withdrawal, anhedonia and avolition. On the other side, we have mood and thought disorders. Only SDS allows to distinguish the primary and secondary negative symptoms., Discussion: The oldest instruments (SANS, NSA-16, SDS) are more complicated to handle and to use. The SANS is the most complete instrument but there are more recent instruments which are easier to use and handle (BNSS, CAINS). Using a self-evaluation survey, MAP-SR is judicious as this type of evaluation is reliable. However, in this case, the assessment covers only a limited part of the negative symptoms., Conclusion: Despite some progress in the definition, assessment and treatment of negative symptoms and despite new scales further instruments which are easy to use in clinical practice and integrating the patient's self-report are needed., (Copyright © 2016 L’Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. SNP arrays in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: an improved diagnostic strategy.
- Author
-
Keren B, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Brioude F, Mach C, Fonteneau E, Azzi S, Depienne C, Brice A, Netchine I, Le Bouc Y, Siffroi JP, and Rossignol S
- Subjects
- Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome genetics, Chromosome Breakpoints, DNA Methylation, Genomic Imprinting, Humans, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Mosaicism, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Phenotype, Trisomy diagnosis, Uniparental Disomy diagnosis, Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome diagnosis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is an overgrowth disorder with an increased risk of childhood tumors that results from a dysregulation of imprinted gene expression in the 11p15 region. Since epigenetic defects are the most frequent anomalies, first-line diagnostic methods involve methylation analysis. When paternal isodisomy is suspected, it should be confirmed by a second technique capable of distinguishing true 11p15 paternal disomy (patUPD) from paternal 11p15 duplication or 11p15 trisomy. We sought to evaluate the interest of using SNP arrays in the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome diagnostic strategy. We analyzed the SNP profiles of 25 Beckwith Wiedemann patients with previously determined methylation indexes. Among them, 3 had 11p15 trisomies, 13 had patUPD, 8 had an inconclusive methylation index and 1 had a normal result. All known trisomies and known patUPDs were detected. Moreover we found 7 low-rate mosaicisms 11p15 patUPDs among the 8 patients with an inconclusive methylation index. We were able to precisely characterize the sizes and mosaicism rates of the anomalies. We demonstrate that SNP arrays are of real diagnostic interest in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: 1) they help to distinguish patUPDs from trisomies more precisely than karyotyping and FISH, 2) they help determine the size and mosaicism rate of patUPDs, 3) they provide complementary information in inconclusive cases, helping to distinguish low-rate patUPD mosaicism from other BWS-related molecular defects., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Improving hand hygiene compliance in the emergency department: getting to the point.
- Author
-
Scheithauer S, Kamerseder V, Petersen P, Brokmann JC, Lopez-Gonzalez LA, Mach C, Schulze-Röbbecke R, and Lemmen SW
- Subjects
- Chi-Square Distribution, Health Behavior, Humans, Patient Care statistics & numerical data, Prospective Studies, Emergency Service, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Hand Hygiene statistics & numerical data, Health Personnel
- Abstract
Background: The emergency department (ED) represents an environment with a high density of invasive, and thus, infection-prone procedures. The two primary goals of this study were (1) to define the number of hand-rubs needed for an individual patient care at the ED and (2) to optimize hand hygiene (HH) compliance without increasing workload., Methods: Prospective tri-phase (6-week observation phases interrupted by two 6-week interventions) before after study to determine opportunities for and compliance with HH (WHO definition). Standard operating procedures (SOPs) were optimized for invasive procedures during two predefined intervention periods (phases I and II) to improve workflow practices and thus compliance with HH., Results: 378 patient cases were evaluated with 5674 opportunities for hand rubs (HR) and 1664 HR performed. Compliance significantly increased from 21% (545/2603) to 29% (467/1607), and finally 45% (652/1464; all p<0.001) in phases 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The number of HR needed for one patient care significantly decreased from 22 to 13 for the non-surgical and from 13 to 7 for the surgical patients (both p<0.001) due to improved workflow practices after implementing SOPs. In parallel, the number of HR performed increased from 3 to 5 for non-surgical (p<0.001) and from 2 to 3 for surgical patients (p=0.317). Avoidable opportunities as well as glove usage instead of HR significantly decreased by 70% and 73%, respectively., Conclusions: Our study provides the first detailed data on HH in an ED setting. Importantly, HH compliance improved significantly without increasing workload.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Intragenic CAMTA1 rearrangements cause non-progressive congenital ataxia with or without intellectual disability.
- Author
-
Thevenon J, Lopez E, Keren B, Heron D, Mignot C, Altuzarra C, Béri-Dexheimer M, Bonnet C, Magnin E, Burglen L, Minot D, Vigneron J, Morle S, Anheim M, Charles P, Brice A, Gallagher L, Amiel J, Haffen E, Mach C, Depienne C, Doummar D, Bonnet M, Duplomb L, Carmignac V, Callier P, Marle N, Mosca-Boidron AL, Roze V, Aral B, Razavi F, Jonveaux P, Faivre L, and Thauvin-Robinet C
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Preschool, DNA Copy Number Variations, Female, Gene Rearrangement, Humans, Infant, Middle Aged, Pedigree, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Ataxia genetics, Calcium-Binding Proteins genetics, Intellectual Disability genetics, Trans-Activators genetics
- Abstract
Background: Non-progressive congenital ataxias (NPCA) with or without intellectual disability (ID) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous conditions. As a consequence, the identification of the genes responsible for these phenotypes remained limited., Objective: Identification of a new gene responsible for NPCA and ID. Methods Following the discovery of three familial or sporadic cases with an intragenic calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1 (CAMTA1) rearrangement identified by an array-CGH and recruited from a national collaboration, the authors defined the clinical and molecular characteristics of such rearrangements, and searched for patients with point mutations by direct sequencing., Results: Intragenic copy number variations of CAMTA1 were all located in the CG-1 domain of the gene. It segregated with autosomal dominant ID with non-progressive congenital cerebellar ataxia (NPCA) in two unrelated families, and was de novo deletion located in the same domain in a child presenting with NPCA. In the patients with ID, the deletion led to a frameshift, producing a truncated protein, while this was not the case for the patient with isolated childhood ataxia. Brain MRI of the patients revealed a pattern of progressive atrophy of cerebellum medium lobes and superior vermis, parietal lobes and hippocampi. DNA sequencing of the CG-1 domain in 197 patients with sporadic or familial non-syndromic intellectual deficiency, extended to full DNA sequencing in 50 patients with ID and 47 additional patients with childhood ataxia, identified no pathogenic mutation., Conclusion: The authors have evidence that loss-of-function of CAMTA1, a brain-specific calcium responsive transcription factor, is responsible for NPCA with or without ID. Accession numbers CAMTA1 reference sequence used was ENST00000303635. Protein sequence was ENSP00000306522.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Patient priorities with traumatic lacerations.
- Author
-
Singer AJ, Mach C, Thode HC Jr, Hemachandra S, Shofer FS, and Hollander JE
- Subjects
- Adult, Cicatrix psychology, Facial Injuries therapy, Female, Hospitals, University, Humans, Lacerations etiology, Male, New York, Philadelphia, Plastic Surgery Procedures psychology, Suburban Population, Surveys and Questionnaires, Treatment Outcome, Urban Population, Wound Infection prevention & control, Emergency Medical Services, Lacerations therapy, Patient Satisfaction
- Abstract
Clinical trials should use outcomes that are important to patients. We sought to determine the aspects of laceration management that are most important to patients. A prospective observational survey was conducted at one suburban and one urban university ED during November to December 1998 that included ED patients and visitors with and without current or prior lacerations. Trained research assistants approached 747 people of which 724 (97%) completed a 25-item closed question survey that evaluated demographics, prior laceration repairs, and assessed the relative importance of least painful repair, ED length of stay, cosmetic outcome, functional recovery, practitioner compassion, avoidance of wound infection, total costs, and missed days of work or school using a five-item Likert scale (not important-extremely important). Additionally, the relative importance of these items was compared. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Seven hundred twenty-four people participated; 383 (53%) had prior lacerations; 92 (14%) had lacerations at the time of the survey. The most important aspect of care for respondents were normal function (28%), avoiding infection (20%), cosmetic outcome (17%), and least painful repair (17%). Based on Likert scale data, most important aspects of care were: avoiding wound infection (mean [95% CI], 4.58 [4.52 to 4.64]), normal function (4.54 [4.48 to 4.6]), cosmetic outcome (3.78 [3.68 to 3.88]), and least painful repair (3.84 [3.76 to 3.92]). Cost, length of stay, missed work/school, and compassion were less important (range, 3.0 to 3.7). Patients with facial lacerations chose cosmetic outcome as the most important aspect of care while all others chose function. Patients prioritize the medical outcomes of laceration repair (function, avoiding infection, cosmesis, pain) more than cost, compassion, ED length of stay and inconvenience (missed work/school). Cosmetic outcome is particularly important to patients with facial lacerations. This information should be useful when designing outcome studies of laceration management.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.