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This paper aims to address Apolônio de Carvalho’s path between the years 1937 and 1947, as well as memories from the character about this time of his political militancy. Such context was highlighted by his affiliation to the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB) and his decision to fight alongside the republicans in the Spanish civil conflict (1936-1939) and, afterwards in the French resistance against Nazi-fascists potencies during World War II (1939-1945). Therefore, the time frame in question contemplates a decade of the character’s engagement in the anti-fascist fight in Spain and France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the monthly journal "A Ordem" in Brazil and the primary elements used by secular elites to undermine the communist project. The journal was launched in 1921, during the Neo-Christianity period, which is one of the most influential generations of Catholic lay leaders in the history of Latin America. The article also analyzes the relations between intellectuals and society in Brazil in the 1930s.