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Gingival integration, also known as epithelio-conjunctive integration, together with bone integration, is one of the main processes involved in the tissue integration of dental implants. Unfortunately, many practitioners treat this gingival integration with great superficiality, considering it to be an insignificant factor in this highly complex process of tissue integration of dental implants. Purpose. In this study, we intend to define very precisely the concept of "gingival integration" or "epithelial-conjunctive integration" and to introduce it as a specialized term in the basic vocabulary of implantologists. Material and method. A questionnaire based on 5 questions was used to carry out this study. The study group was composed of 64 implantologist (all subjects are holders of a degree after following a competence program in oral implantology in Bucharest). The study was conducted between October 2015 and November 2018. Results and discussions. The responses of the 64 practitioners have been analyzed and structured for a simple understanding, being extremely important for future research directions. Conclusions. Following the analysis of the results of this study we consider that the concept of "gingival integration" of dental implants requires more attention from practitioners, which will be reflected in the long-term success of dental implants.

Implant-prosthetic rehabilitation (both the surgical step of inserting dental implants and also the stage of creating the implant-supported prosthetic restorations) in smokers patients poses particular problems not only for the medical team but also for the patients (and here we refer in particular to the average number of cigarettes smoked daily). Purpose. In this paper we have attempted to present a multitude of factors both theoretical and practical, which can intervene in the implant-prosthetic rehabilitation of heavy smoker patients. Material and method. The study was conducted between April 2018 and November 2018 by applying a questionnaire with 6 questions. The 31 subjects enrolled in the study were aged between 29 to 67years old, specialists and/or primary doctors of general dentistry, dental prosthodontics or dental surgery. Results and discussions. Centralized results have been processed to provide a clearer picture of the current attitude towards heavy smokers for oral rehabilitation with the implant-supported restorations. Conclusions. The insertion of dental implants and subsequent creation of implant-supported restorations are not an interdiction for heavy smokers (up to 60 cigarettes a day) but requires the involvement of both the medical team and especially the patients in the follow-up care period to increase long-term success of dental implants and prosthetic restorations made thereon.

BackgroundInfluenza and corona viruses generate vaccine preventable diseases and have pandemic potential, frequently dramatic. A co-infection with these viruses, may be a new worldwide threat, researchers name it flurona. The aim of our study is to assess flu and COVID-19 Romanian vaccination for 2022-2023 season and the factor associated with higher odds to receive flu and COVID-19 vaccine.MethodsAn analytical cross-sectional observational survey was conducted in the general population; a self-administered questionnaire was used.Results1056 responders were analyzed, mean age 32.08 ±13.36 years (limits:18-76), majority, 880 (83.33%), from urban areas, 608 (57.58%), high school graduated, 400 (37.88%) parents. More than half of the responders were healthcare workers, 582 (55.11%), also considered study population. In the study group, 796 (73.37%) responders consider flurona vaccination useful; and 872 (82.57%) responders consider that no sanctions are needed for not flurona vaccinating. In the 2022-2023 season, 162 (15.34%) responders vaccinated against the flu and 300 (28.41%) against COVID-19. The factor associated with higher odds to receive flu and COVID-19 vaccine was the habit of flu vaccination: for flu (OR = 58.43; 95% CI: (34.95-97.67)) and for COVID-19 (OR = 1.67; 95% CI: (1.21-2.31)). Other factors such as having university degree (OR = 1.46; 95% CI: (1.08-1.98)) and being a healthcare worker, (OR = 1.41; 95% CI: (1.07-1.87)) were influencing factors only for adult COVID-19 vaccination in the 2022-2023 season. In the parents' group, in 2022-2023 season, only 48 (12%) vaccinated their children against the flu and 68 (17%) against COVID-19, mostly parents that vaccinated themselves, pConclusionsIn the season 2022-2023, in Romania, the vaccination against flu and COVOD-19 is low, in adults and children as well. More efforts must be done to increase flurona vaccination, public health educational programs are strongly needed. Children, that are at greater risk when co-infecting with these viruses, must be vaccinated, school vaccination programs should be considered.

The First World War was and is considered the most terrible conflagration of all time. Thus, over 65,000,000 soldiers made up the corps of land armies, naval and air forces, combat armies that participated in the conduct of military operations during the First World War. About 8,500,000 people died and more than 21,000,000 were injured. France was one of the countries most affected by this war, its medical services, including dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery, being completely obsolete. Thus, in this material, we tried to describe some important figures of French oral and maxillofacial dentistry and surgery, which were active in French civil and military hospitals during the First World War (1914-1918).

Sedentary behavior, both professional, occupational, and leisure, recreational, is one of the major risk factors for cardio-metabolic health and premature mortality. But, we find this sedentary behavior in many of the existing professional activities in 2021, among which are the professional activities with a medical profile in the field of dentistry: specific activities of the dental office (and here we discuss dentists and dental nurses) and activities specific to the dental technique laboratory (in this case, we are talking about dental technicians).

Background: In Romania, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) were first acknowledged in 1989. Getting older with HIV/AIDS is now possible due to antiretroviral treatment, but it can bring dental problems due to HIV itself or to the reluctance of dental professionals to treat dental problems. Our study aims to assess the attitudes, knowledge, and practices of Romanian dental professionals regarding aging PLWHA. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional observational survey based on a self-administered questionnaire was conducted for Romanian dental professionals from October 2022 to January 2023. Results: The responders’ group profile was as follows: a mean age of 39.09 ± 0.36 years (limit: 19–75), a majority of 991 (90.01%) from urban dental offices, and 364 (33.06%) with more than twenty years’ experience. A total of 517 (46.95%) responders had an unprofessional attitude and declared that, if possible, they would avoid taking part in performing dental treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). There were 89 (8.08%) dental professionals that refused to work with PLWHA. Only 363 (32.97%) had worked with one previously. The dental professionals in rural areas refused PLWHA more frequently: 20% (N = 22) of rural dental professionals vs. 6.76% (N = 67) of urban dental professionals refused to work with PLWHA (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.16-.56). The logistic regression applied for the 1101 responders revealed after stepwise selection that the most influential factor for their refusal to work with PLWHA in our study group was being previously exposed to HIV during dental practice (OR = 14.45; 95% CI: 8.55- 24.42; p = 0.000). Conclusions: Dental educators and health care planners should promote the knowledge of prophylaxis and positive attitudes towards the treatment of PLWHA. Successful resolution of these concerns is time consuming and expensive but necessary if dentists are to satisfy their professional obligations to HIV/AIDS patients.

Background: A rapid bacterial diagnostic is needed more and more in the treatment of patients, because of the emergence of antibiotic resistance. The cumulative antibiogram, an annual report that monitors antimicrobial resistance trends in health care facilities, may provide a profile of empirical therapy useful in diverse emergency situations, such as transmission of resistant bacteria to oral cavity of newborn babies. We aimed to draw a profile of antibiotic resistance encountered. Methods: We assessed the antibiotic resistance (ABR) profile in childbearing women and newborn babies in Ploiesti Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital by the disk diffusion method characterizing the multidrug-resistant organisms after isolation and identification by phenotypic tests. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E), Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant Group B Streptococcus (VR-GBS) were detected. Results: The prevalence of antibiotic resistance was 11.32% (53/468), while the prevalence of the ESBL-E, MRSA, VRE and VR-GBS strains was 8.34% (39/468). Within the bacteria isolated from fifty-three childbearing women, the prevalence of ESBL-E, MRSA, VRE and VR-GBS was 22.64% (12/53), 32.08% (17/53), 11.32% (6/53) and 7.55% (4/53). In the whole studied group, the prevalence was 2.56% (12/468), 3.63% (17/468), 1.28% (6/468) and 0.86% (4/468). Resistant bacteria were detected at birth in the oral cavity of the newborn babies in all cases. Maternal and neonatal isolates shared similar characteristics. Conclusions: Cumulative antibiogram is useful in case of empiric treatment needed in diverse emergencies, such as transmission of resistant bacteria to oral cavity of newborn babies.