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L'article decrit la procedure elaboree par les auteurs pour mettre en evidence les unites lexicales du lexique personnel d'un profane (par rapport au grammairien) et compare les resultats obtenus aupres de quatre personnes d'une meme famille. L'experience veut mettre en evidence les phenomenes consciemment differencies par un locuteur donne ainsi que les expressions linguistiques que le locuteur utilise habituellement pour parler de ces phenomenes.

This paper presents a phenomenological approach to the study of face‐to‐face interaction based on ethnographic elicitation. It suggests a number of analytic constructs necessary for an adequate theory of interaction.

This technique is a rich tool for discovering the meanings people attribute to the world around them. It stems from a set of controversial beliefs regarding the nature of “reality-as-experienced-by-man.” Before describing the technique in some detail I will briefly specify these beliefs since they motivate every one of its steps as implemented so far as well as its potential extensions.

This article is critical examination of the notion of function from a sociocultural perspective. Earlier discussions of the problem in the Prague tradition of linguistics and in sociolinguistics are surveyed. The difficulties of defining the notion of function are pointed up. The use of the concept in the sense of sociocultural role and at the highest possible level of

This is a pilot study concerned with developing an inductive method for semantic classification of natural language forms. Consideration is restricted to forms expressing relations between entities or sentence elements. A paraphrasing technique called predication-typing is used to generate the data. This technique consists in paraphrasing sentences or portions of sentences, patterning the paraphrase according to a standard schema so as to incorporate one of a restricted set of expressions called 'predication types' as the connective element between the entities of the relation. The original natural language forms which have prompted selection of particular predication types are called cue forms. They may be then characterized in terms of the variety and frequency of selection of predication types whose use they have prompted in the course of processing a significant quantity of text. This characterization of a cue form in terms of predication types is called its 'semantic spectrum.' 'Semantic groupings' are derived from the semantic spectra which give promise of allowing for a systematic representation of semantic relations between natural language forms in terms of the meanings of the set of predication types as well as in terms of the two semantic dimensions of generality vs. specificity and vagueness vs. definiteness of meaning. (Author)

A basic theoretical distinction must be made between lexicon and grammar: the lexicon is the cultural system of reference, i.e. the system of reference to the various basic types of phenomena distinguished by the culture; the grammar is the structure of discourse in that language, i.e. the structure of the spontaneous utterances produced by the native speakers of that language. The methodological discussion in this paper concerns primarily the units of the lexicon: what types there are, how they can be identified and collected. They fall into two major categories: minimal units and non-minimal units. On the basis of extensive lexicographic work, the author has found it necessary to posit one category of minimal units and two categories of non-minimal ones. The former are unitary lexemes, the latter are lexeme clusters and lexeme conjuncts. A procedure for the identification and collection of these three categories of units is described in detail.