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A 57‐year‐old man presented with progressive muscle weakness in the lower limbs, with elevated anti‐P/Q‐type voltage‐gated calcium channel antibody levels. A repetitive stimulation test showed waxing with high‐frequency stimulation. He was diagnosed with Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) and small‐cell lung cancer. After four courses of cisplatin and etoposide, computed tomography showed a decrease in tumor size and muscle weakness improved. After 3 months, the patient presented with progressive ataxic gait and dysarthria and was admitted to our hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed slight cerebellar atrophy. We diagnosed the patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD)‐LEMS. The patient received intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, steroid pulse therapy, and plasmapheresis. The patient's cerebellar ataxia then improved. This represents a rare case of PCD‐LEMS after improvement of LEMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An 83-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma developed muscle weakness, ptosis, and dyspnea 3 weeks after receiving atezolizumab. Soon after, mechanical ventilation was initiated, which was followed by marked blood pressure spikes. The levels of creatine kinase and troponin-I were significantly elevated, and acetylcholine receptor antibodies were positive. The patient was diagnosed with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced myositis, myasthenia gravis (MG), myocarditis, and suspected autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG). After immunotherapy, the serum markers and blood pressure normalized, and he was weaned from the ventilator after five months. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of AAG secondary to ICI-induced myositis, MG, and myocarditis.

A 68-year-old man with small-cell lung cancer developed anti-collapsin response-mediator protein (CRMP)-5 antibody-related paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) presenting with ataxia and chorea during treatment with durvalumab. As a result of steroid therapy, anti-CRMP-5 antibodies became negative, hyperintense lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging disappeared, and neurological symptoms improved. After resuming durvalumab, he became unable to walk due to neurological adverse events (nAEs). There have been no reported cases manifesting PNSs and nAEs as a result of the same immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) administered at different times. Resuming ICIs in patients diagnosed with PNSs should be performed with prudence.