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In this article, the author offers a personal reflection on their time teaching a college lecture-based course online during the COVID-19 pandemic dealing with topics including their use of platforms like Zoom to teach the classes, their time spent leading a course titled "The World of Queen Elizabeth I," and how students might psychologically benefit from the perspective on pandemics throughout history.

Early modern historians tend to concentrate on the violent interaction between the Tudor state and the inhabitants of Ireland. And with good reason: the extension of Tudor rule there saw brutality and warfare reach unprecedented levels, resulting in the destruction of the Gaelic political order. But the sixteenth century's grim outcome has obscured the conciliatory policy pursued by Henry Vlll's government in Ireland. The most conspicuous feature of this policy was the submissions of dozens of Gaelic chiefs and English lords to the crown. Known to historians as "surrender and regrant," this policy sought to integrate individual Irish lords, both politically and culturally, into the Tudor state. This essay traces interpretations of surrender and regrant, and the wider conciliatory policy of which it was a part, from the sixteenth century to the present, and suggests that this Tudor policy should occupy a more prominent position in the historiography of Ireland and England. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to contextualize an anonymous set of allegations written in late 1547 which helped to collapse the government of Sir Anthony St. Leger, the lord deputy of Ireland. Often thought to be a symptom of the mid-Tudor crisis, this document reveals that the Edwardian regime's decision to replace the popular Irish deputy was greatly influenced by elements within Ireland. In his effort to effect a change in Tudor policy toward Ireland, the author of this eclectic and lengthy assortment of allegations against the St. Leger-led government has provided a window into many aspects of Irish political life at the outset of Edward VI's reign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When news arrived in summer 158o that James Eustace, third viscount Baltinglass, had entered into rebellion with Gaelic elements in Leinster, Tudor officials in Ireland could barely contain their mystification. How, they wondered, had this important Tudor noble, whose family had for centuries served as a bulwark against the menace of marauding Gaelic clans, become ‘so forgetful of himself’? In seeking to explain the rebellion historians too have sought to understand Eustace's motivation, and in so doing have come to emphasize his integral position in conceiving and leading the revolt. Yet this approach has obscured the rebellion's Gaelic dimension. The rebellion would not have been possible without the support of the O'Byrnes and O'Tooles who sought to uproot the English county administration then being erected in place of their quasi-independent lordships. Fiach MacHugh O'Byrne emerged from this interest to become the rebellion's true strength and in August 1580 dealt a shattering defeat to the English army in Ireland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]