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Dust causes adverse effects on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of plants and limits their use in the development of the green belt. Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) is an important tool to screen out plants, based on their tolerance or sensitivity level to different air pollutants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two plant growth-promoting bacterial strains (Zhihengliuella halotolerans SB and Bacillus pumilus HR) and their combination as a biological solution on APTI of three desert plant species of Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Haloxylon aphyllum and Nitraria schoberi under dust stress (0 and 1.5 g m-2 30 days-1). Dust caused a significant decrease of 21% and 19%, respectively, in the total chlorophyll of N. schoberi and S. rosmarinus, an 8% decrease in leaf relative water content, a 7% decrease in the APTI of N. schoberi, and a decrease of 26 and 17% in protein content of H. aphyllum and N. schoberi, respectively. However, Z. halotolerans SB increased the amount of total chlorophyll in H. aphyllum and S. rosmarinus by 236% and 21%, respectively, and the amount of ascorbic acid by 75% and 67% in H. aphyllum and N. schoberi, respectively. B. pumilus HR also increased the leaf relative water content in H. aphyllum and N. schoberi by 10% and 15%, respectively. The inoculation with B. pumilus HR, Z. halotolerans SB and the combination of these two isolates decreased the activity of peroxidase by 70%, 51%, and 36%, respectively, in N. schoberi, and 62%, 89%, and 25% in S. rosmarinus, respectively. These bacterial strains also increased the concentration of protein in all three desert plants. Under dust stress, H. aphyllum had a higher APTI than the other two species. Z. halotolerans SB, which had been isolated from S. rosmarinus, was more effective than B. pumilus HR in alleviating the effects of dust stress on this plant. Therefore, it was concluded that plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be effective at improving the mechanisms of plant tolerance to air pollution in the green belt.

Suicide and suicidal ideation are quite real among bipolar patients and can occur in both phases of depression or mania, for this reason the aim of this study was to evaluate The effectiveness of Treatment Based on Acceptance and Commitment on reducing suicidal ideation and improving psychological resilience in Patients with bipolar disorder. The present study was a semi- experimental, pre-test and post-test type with control group. Among the bipolar patients of Kargarnejad Hospital in Kashan, a sample of 30 people (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group) were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The instruments of this study were Beck Suicide Thought Questionnaire and Bond Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire, These Questionnaire were administered in two stages: pre-test and post-test. The experimental group underwent Treatment Based on Acceptance and Commitment in 8 sessions of 90 minutes twice a week. Univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance were used to analyze the data. According to the results obtained in this study, Treatment Based on Acceptance and Commitment reduces suicidal ideation and improves psychological resilience and can be used as an effective treatment.

Background: Manpower is one of the most important assets of organizations that their motivation and job satisfaction can help organizations achieve their goals. Many studies have been done to improve the level of these variables in human resources, but in the meantime, less attention has been paid to the role of organizational intelligence as a factor affecting these variables. Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of organizational intelligence training program on job satisfaction and job motivation in one of the headquarters of industries of the Ministry of Defense employees. Method: The present study was a Quasi -experimental study with pre-test, post-test with control group. For this purpose, 32 staff were selected by available sampling method from the staff of one of the Ministry of Defense industries and were randomly divided into experimental (n=16) and control (n=16) groups. The researcher-made package of organizational intelligence training was administered to the experimental group during 11 two-hour sessions. During this time the control group also received no training. Both groups completed the Spector Job Satisfaction Scale (1985) and Tremblay and et al. Internal and External Job Motivation Scale (2009) in the pre-test and post-test stages. data were analyzed by Spss-19 software. Results: The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that there are significant differences between two experimental and control groups in the interjected regulation component (one of the job motivation components) and the job promotion components and the task identity (from job satisfaction components) and the mean scores of the experimental group in these components in the post-test stage were higher than the control group (p< 0/001). Conclusions: Job satisfaction and motivation are some of the factors that influence the increase of organizational productivity and optimal performance of employees, Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to increase the levels of these variables in the staff.

Because of global warming, desertification is increasing. One of the best strategies for combating desertification is reforestation of forests and biological operations of vegetation. However, events like soil salinity and dust storms, as the most important manifestations of desertification, prevent vegetation from settling in these areas. In this study, the effects of two halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strains, Bacillus pumilus HR and Zhihengliuella halotolerans SB, on physiological and nutritional status of the desert halophyte Haloxylon aphyllum under the stress of salinity (0, 300, and 600 mM NaCl) and dust (0 and 1.5 g m−2 month−1) were examined. Under dust application, the Z. halotolerans SB strain compared to the B. pumilus HR strain and the combination of these two bacterial strains improved the content of total chlorophyll (247 and 316%), carotenoid (94 and 107%), phosphorus (113 and 209%), magnesium (196 and 212%), and total dry biomass (13 and 28%) in H. aphyllum at salinity levels of 300 and 600 mM NaCl, respectively. Under conditions of combined application of dust and salinity, B. pumilus HR compared to Z. halotolerans SB and the combination of two strains at salinity levels of 300 and 600 mM NaCl, respectively, had better performance in increasing the content of iron (53 and 69%), calcium (38 and 161%), and seedling quality index (95 and 56%) in H. aphyllum. The results also showed that both bacterial strains and their combination were able to reduce the content of ascorbic acid, flavonoid, total phenol, proline, and malondialdehyde, and catalase activity, and ultimately improve the antioxidant capacity of H. aphyllum. This showed that the use of halotolerant rhizobacteria can stop the production of free radicals and thus prevent cell membrane damage and the formation of malondialdehyde under salinity and dust stress. The results of this study for the first time showed that halotolerant rhizobacteria can increase the seedling quality index of H. aphyllum under combined conditions of salinity and dust. The use of these bacteria can be useful in the optimal afforestation of H. aphyllum species in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.

Background and Objective: Postpartum depression has a negative effect on maternal health and adverse effect on psychological development of newborns. Also patterns and personality traits can also be associated with postpartum depression. This study aimed to determine the role of social support and Personality in the incidence of postpartum depression. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 200 mothers referred to health centers by available sampling method between 6 weeks to 6 months after delivery. Data were collected using a Questionnaire Personal Information, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS, 1987), NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI, 1985) and Social Support Questionnaire Philips (1977). Results: Postpartum depression was observed in 49 (24.5%) of mothers. Neuroticism had the highest relationship with postpartum depression. The correlation coefficient of this variable with postpartum depression was 52% and this variable alone was 27% of the variance. There was a significant negative relationship between postpartum depression and social support (r= -0.027, P

The main objective of this research was to develop a model for improving the quality of technical and vocational training. In this research, a research methodology based on the approach of Grounded Theory has been used. In this research, the statistical population of the experts in the field of technical and vocational training, includes faculty members, managers, and owners of industries in Kurdistan province. Using snowball sampling method, 18 people were selected as key informants. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview. Two methods including reviewing the participants and reviewing non-participating experts in the research were used to obtain valid and reliable data. Based on the results, this model has causal conditions (professional competencies of educators, educational factors and administrative factors), contextual (cultural and economic context), intervener (international factors and technological factors), strategies (outsourcing, empowerment, development and expansion of information and communication technology, policy-making and educational planning,), and outcomes (economic growth, educational factors improvement, and social development).

The purpose of this study was to identify the damages in the Technical and Vocational Training Organization based on the three-dimensional model (process, structure, and environment). In this study which was qualitative, one technical and vocational education in Kurdistan province was studied therefore, the participants were from a diverse range of managers and experts. A semi-structured interview was the instrument utilized for data collection. The interviews were conducted for 18 participants according to theoretical saturation level. Results indicated that the Technical and Vocational Training Organization of Kurdistan province, in all studied dimensions, is at defected statues. To see its more efficacious, steps must be taken towards paying attention to regional potentials in needs assessment. Also enhancing the key skills of knowledge-based economics such as creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Furthermore planning to training the soft skills like teamwork and work ethics to trainees and also planning to the implementation of the integrated management of skills training should be followed.

The purpose of this study was to provide a model for transferring learning to the workplace, based on a qualitative study design, we used a foundation-based approach to data theory. There was selected 30 managers, faculty members, employees, experts and human resources to be interviewed at the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Sampling done by following a theoretical one and the interviewees was selected by mean of snow ball technique. After deriving main themes and concepts from the written-facet interviews, researchers did analysis them by a mixed micro analyses. It was a combination of open and axial coding. The derived main themes categorized: individual factors, educational factors, organizational factors. The conditions for the transfer of learning: the conditions of the transfer, management factors and financial power of the organization. Interventional conditions include: trans-organization factors; strategic factors including: structural strategies, process strategies, and environmental strategies. The consequences of learning transfer were identified at both levels of individual and organizational

The aim of this study was to explore effectiveness of Positive Intelligence training on the Emotional Intelligence of employees. In a semi-experimental design with a pre-test post-test paradigm about 80 employees filled the emotional intelligence Tests and 30 individuals with lower score in EI were selected after checking the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Subjects divided to equal experimental and control groups randomly (n=15). Subjects of the experimental group were received 6 sessions of 120 minutes group training of positive intelligence, while no intervention administered on the control group except the simple meeting with the examiner. Participants of both groups were completed again the EI questionnaires afterwards. Data extracted and analyzed by a MANCOVA statistical analysis. Results were shown significantly differences between two groups in the EI total scores and its 4 sub-components. The positive intelligence training program could successfully improve the emotional intelligence of employees of the Securities and Exchange Organization and is then recommended for employees of this organization.

Aim and Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) on reducing the symptoms of social avoidance and distress in people with Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) . Materials and Methods: This was semi-experimental study was a pre-test-post-test design with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of Semnan University in the academic year of 2017-2018. Among them, 20 Students were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly assigned 10 subjects to the experimental group and 10 subjects to the control group. Students were screened for social anxiety disorder and diagnosis of other disorders from Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-4 (SCID-4) and Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). The experimental group received individual VRET for 12 sessions, 30 minutes each week. Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS) was administered among the selected sample as pretest. VRET was performed in experimental group, and again, the questionnaires were administered among the participants as posttest. Findings: The results showed that VRET is effective in reducing social avoidance and distress symptoms in in people with SAD. Conclusion: The results showed the effectiveness of this therapeutic model on reducing the symptoms of social anxiety. This method can be used as a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of SAD and other same disorders.

Background and Purpose: This study aims to present a model to show the relationship of emotional intelligence with academic achievement and the mediating role of self-esteem and social support in this relation. Research method: The study was descriptive and type of correlational. The study population were all high school students KHAF city that 360 person were selected by random cluster sampling as sample. In this study, questionnaires Txiki emotional Skills and competencies, Rosenberg Self-Esteem, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Zimet and colleagues were used. The resulting data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis. Findings: The findings showed that emotional intelligence, self-esteem, and social support have a significant relationship with academic achievement and self-esteem and social support also have a mediating role in relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement. The model had a suitable fitness. Conclusion: Thus the results imply the importance and role of self-esteem, social support, and emotional intelligence in improving academic achievement that

Background: Well-being is an important indicator of overall health during adolescents and later life. Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between resiliency protective factors and demographics due to the mediating role of emotional stability on general well-being of adolescents. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 331 students were selected by stratified random sampling from high schools of Firozabad from February 2015 to December 2015. Data were collected using the Adolescent General Well-Being Questionnaire, Resilience Protective Factor Inventory, and Emotional Stability Scale, and analyzed applying structural equation modeling using the LISREL 8.80 software. Results: The indices of model fitness showed good fitness (X 2: 11.04, df: 4, P = 0.90; RMSEA: 0.06; GFI: 0.91; AGFI: 0.91; NFI: 0.90; CFI: 0.93; and IFI: 1). Resiliency protective factors and demographics had direct effects on general well-being (0.65, P < 0.01; -0.17, P < 0.01). In addition, resiliency protective factors (0.68, P < 0.001) and demographics (-0.20, P < 0.01) had a direct effect on emotional stability. In this model, resiliency protective factors and demographics indirectly effect general well-being via the mediation of emotional stability (0.76, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The assumed theoretical model was fitted to the data and resiliency protective factors. Demographics and emotional stability were significant determinants in predicting general well-being of adolescents, which must be considered when developing programs to improve the well-being of adolescents.

Objective: Burnout and poor mental health are among the most important issues in workplace, which may lead to serious consequences for organizations. The present study aimed at finding possible prediction of the variables based on existential aspects of responsibility, freedom, self- transcendence, and self-distance. Method: A total of 385 junior high school and high school teachers, who worked in Tehran schools (Dist.17), participated in this cross-sectional study. They were given Maslach Burnout Inventory, General Health Questionnaire, and Existence Scale to assess burnout, mental health problems, and existence aspects. The participants were selected through one-stage cluster sampling. Data were analyzed using a stepwise multiple variable regression method. Results: Responsibility, freedom, self- transcendence, and self-distance predicted nearly 38% of the variance of mental health; moreover, responsibility, freedom, and self- transcendence predicted nearly 28% of the variance of burnout altogether. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that the existential aspects of responsibility, freedom, self-transcendence, and self-distance could be important in predicting burnout and mental health problems among teachers. However, further studies are required to investigate this possibility.

The current research was done in order to determine contribution of components of quality of veterans’ wives’ life in prediction of their children’s general health. in this purpose 300 families (wife and child) were selected by random cluster sampling method from veterans’ families of Hamedan province and quality of life questionnaire was administrated among veterans’ wives and general health questionnaire(28 items) was administrated among their children. Extremely imperfect questionnaires were included and 298 Questionnaires were analyzed. The data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression method. The results showed that there is a significant negative relation between components of the quality of veterans’ wives’ life and their children’s Pathological symptoms. Also the regression analysis showed that emotional role, vitality, general health and wives’ social performance subscales have important and significant role in explanation of children’s general health. Totally, it can be concluded that giving suitable instruction and services and supporting veterans’ wives, who are responsible for lookout of veterans and upbringing children, are the most important factor to promote family health and their children’s health, specially. These results are useful in planning for counseling in order to promote health. Overall it can be concluded that providing education and relatede servises and support for veteran’s spouses, who have the role of care of veterans and education of children, can be considered as the most important promoting factor for family helth and specially children health. These results are usefull in planings counsulting for helath promotion.

Objective: The present study was conducted to compare the characteristics of borderline personality, anger, hostility and aggression in addicts with and without suicide ideation. Method: This research was and the causal-comparative research method which is categorized in descriptive one. Sample in this study was included 300 addicts referred to the addiction treatment clinic in Semnan province. By convenience sampling with considering of entry criteria 300 addicts selected and based on the suicidal ideation scores were categorized to two groups with and without suicide ideation. Suicide ideation, buss and Perry’s aggression and borderline personality questionnaires administered among selected sample. Findings: Borderline personality traits, anger, hostility and aggression were higher in suicidal addicts in comparison of non-suicidal. Conclusion: Seems essential screening and identifying addicts which features high aggression and borderline personality for prevention of suicide.

هدف از پژوهش حاضر پیشبینی سبکهای هویت (اطلاعاتی، هنجاری و سردرگم - اجتنابی) بر اساسمؤلفههای شخصیت است. طرح پژوهش حاضر توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. شرکتکنندگان اینپژوهش شامل تمامیِ دانشجویان دوره کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه سمنان بودند که در سال89 مشغول به تحصیل بودند که از این تعداد 220 نفر به شیوه نمونهگیری در دسترس - تحصیلی 90انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای پژوهش سیاهۀ سبک هویت برزونسکی و پرسشنامۀ شخصیتی پنج عاملی بود.و آزمون ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون گامبهگام SPSS دادهها با استفاده از نرمافزارتجزیهوتحلیل شدند. نتایج تحلیل نشان داد که هم سبک هویت اطلاعاتی و هم هنجاری با روانرنجویرابطه منفی معنادار و با برونگرایی، گشودگی به تجربه، توافق جویی و باوجدان بودن رابطه مثبت معناداردارند، اما صرفاً باوجدان بودن و گشودگی در برابر تجربه توانستند این دو سبک هویتی را بهصورتمعناداری پیشبینی کنند. همچنین بین سبک هویت سردرگم – اجتنابی با روان رنجوری رابطه مثبتمعنادار وجود داشت و این ویژگی توانسته این سبک هویتی را بهصورت معناداری پیشبینی کند. بر اساسیافتههای پژوهش حاضر میتوان تا حدی به نوجوانان در دستیابی به هویتی موفق بر اساس مؤلفههایشخصیتیشان یاری رساند.

Aim: The study was aimed to determine the validity and reliability of opium attitudes questionnaire. Method: 6108 of guidance school (3th grades) and high school students filled the opium attitude questionnaire in all of the country. The validity of questionnaire assessed by group discrimination and confirmatory factor analysis method. Results: the results of group discrimination showed that the questions can be discriminated of past and current opium addicts and normal groups. On the basis of factor analysis results 5 factors extracted. These factors with consideration of literature review and loaded items content named: interest to consume, attitude to dangers, attitude to physiological effects, attitude to psychic effects, attitude to social effects to opium. Reliability of subscales examined by Cronbakh’s alpha. The minimum measure of reliability was 0.77 and maximum was 0.86. Altogether, the validity and reliability of questionnaire were satisfied. Conclusion: On the basis of present research results, opium attitude questionnaire is appropriate for assessing of students’ attitude to opium among guidance and high school students.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to comprise of psychological defense mechanism styles and personality characteristics in addicts and healthy individuals. Method: In this causal-comparative study, 70 addicts person (with an average age of 37.29±9.81and the age range 23 to 58 years) were selected via accessible sampling method of clinics and Hamadan’s addicted self-representing center during the Autumn of 2011, The number of 70 relatives of these people that demographic variables were matched as possible with the comparison group were selected. Both groups were asked to respond to the defense mechanism style and Eysenk personality Questionnaires. Results: The result of this study showed that the scores mean of addicts were higher than healthy people on immature defense mechanism style, neourotism, and neurotic and extraversion personality characteristics and lower than in mature defense style variables. Conclusion: Based on the result of this study there was a significant difference between addict individuals and healthy people in defense mechanism and personality characteristics.

Dust causes adverse effects on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of plants and limits their use in the development of the green belt. Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) is an important tool to screen out plants, based on their tolerance or sensitivity level to different air pollutants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two plant growth-promoting bacterial strains (Zhihengliuella halotolerans SB and Bacillus pumilus HR) and their combination as a biological solution on APTI of three desert plant species of Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Haloxylon aphyllum and Nitraria schoberi under dust stress (0 and 1.5 g m-2 30 days-1). Dust caused a significant decrease of 21% and 19%, respectively, in the total chlorophyll of N. schoberi and S. rosmarinus, an 8% decrease in leaf relative water content, a 7% decrease in the APTI of N. schoberi, and a decrease of 26 and 17% in protein content of H. aphyllum and N. schoberi, respectively. However, Z. halotolerans SB increased the amount of total chlorophyll in H. aphyllum and S. rosmarinus by 236% and 21%, respectively, and the amount of ascorbic acid by 75% and 67% in H. aphyllum and N. schoberi, respectively. B. pumilus HR also increased the leaf relative water content in H. aphyllum and N. schoberi by 10% and 15%, respectively. The inoculation with B. pumilus HR, Z. halotolerans SB and the combination of these two isolates decreased the activity of peroxidase by 70%, 51%, and 36%, respectively, in N. schoberi, and 62%, 89%, and 25% in S. rosmarinus, respectively. These bacterial strains also increased the concentration of protein in all three desert plants. Under dust stress, H. aphyllum had a higher APTI than the other two species. Z. halotolerans SB, which had been isolated from S. rosmarinus, was more effective than B. pumilus HR in alleviating the effects of dust stress on this plant. Therefore, it was concluded that plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be effective at improving the mechanisms of plant tolerance to air pollution in the green belt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of global warming, desertification is increasing. One of the best strategies for combating desertification is reforestation of forests and biological operations of vegetation. However, events like soil salinity and dust storms, as the most important manifestations of desertification, prevent vegetation from settling in these areas. In this study, the effects of two halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strains, Bacillus pumilus HR and Zhihengliuella halotolerans SB, on physiological and nutritional status of the desert halophyte Haloxylon aphyllum under the stress of salinity (0, 300, and 600mM NaCl) and dust (0 and 1.5 gm−2 month−1) were examined. Under dust application, the Z. halotolerans SB strain compared to the B. pumilus HR strain and the combination of these two bacterial strains improved the content of total chlorophyll (247 and 316%), carotenoid (94 and 107%), phosphorus (113 and 209%), magnesium (196 and 212%), and total dry biomass (13 and 28%) in H. aphyllum at salinity levels of 300 and 600mM NaCl, respectively. Under conditions of combined application of dust and salinity, B. pumilus HR compared to Z. halotolerans SB and the combination of two strains at salinity levels of 300 and 600mM NaCl, respectively, had better performance in increasing the content of iron (53 and 69%), calcium (38 and 161%), and seedling quality index (95 and 56%) in H. aphyllum. The results also showed that both bacterial strains and their combination were able to reduce the content of ascorbic acid, flavonoid, total phenol, proline, and malondialdehyde, and catalase activity, and ultimately improve the antioxidant capacity of H. aphyllum. This showed that the use of halotolerant rhizobacteria can stop the production of free radicals and thus prevent cell membrane damage and the formation of malondialdehyde under salinity and dust stress. The results of this study for the first time showed that halotolerant rhizobacteria can increase the seedling quality index of H. aphyllum under combined conditions of salinity and dust. The use of these bacteria can be useful in the optimal a􀀀orestation of H. aphyllum species in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]