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Sulfur hosts and conversion catalysts based on NiCo-LDHs exhibit potential for improving the performance of Li–S batteries. Nevertheless, their low electron conductivity and aggregation propensity restrict their applicability. This investigation employs a temporary scaffold of ZIF-67 to produce a nanotube assembly of Ni–Co-LDH encapsulated within an N-doped graphene sponge. The electrochemically developed interface has an extended active surface area, and the clumping of LDH nanosheets is effectively inhibited by the design of the nanotube arrangement. Furthermore, the incorporation of nitrogen within the structure of graphene results in a boost of electrical conductivity and provides an increased quantity of active sites. Interfacial electron transport is facilitated by the interfacial rearrangement of charges resulting from p–n heterojunctions and fosters redox activity. In this study, the researchers have presented the double role played by the nickel–cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) nanotubes in improving the polysulphide (LiPS) conversion and decreasing the movement of the sulphur (S) ions by forming surface-bound intermediates. The battery that was fabricated using the above composite cathode mixture showed a higher energy storage ability, i.e., 1190.0 mA h g−1 at J = 0.2. Furthermore, the battery showed a significantly higher capacity to rapidly supply energy and displayed a rate capacity of 670.1 mA h g−1 at J = 5C. Also, the above battery displayed a longer cycle life, with 1000 charge–discharge cycles and the deterioration rate of 0.029% for each cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fabrication of a heteroatom-doped nanocomposite based on cobalt oxide modified sulfur, phosphorus co-doped carbon nitride (Co3O4/SP-CN) with increased active sites is reported. The synthesized nanocomposite offers surprisingly high electrocatalytic oxidation efficacy toward human albumin (HA) despite its agglomeration. This improved efficacy of Co3O4/SP-CN nanocomposite could be attributed to its increased adsorption sites and surface defects, fast charge transportation capability, and conductivity. Additionally, morphological and compositional analysis of the fabricated Co3O4/SP-CN material has been performed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. The fabricated electrode shows remarkable amperometric response against the HA with a limit of detection of 8.39 nM and linear range of 20–4000 nM at applied potential of 0.25 V versus Ag/AgCl in 0.1 M PBS (pH 8.2). The designed Co3O4/SP-CN electrode has been successfully applied to monitor HA in urine samples of diabetic patient with recovery percentage from 94.1 and 92.1% and with relative standard deviation (RSD) values of 5.8 and 7.8%. According to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to use a Co3O4/SP-CN–based graphitic pencil (GP) electrode for monitoring of HA for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purple acid phosphatase was purified from 5.9-fold to apparent homogeneity from Anagelis arvensis seeds using SP-Sephadex C-50 and Sephadex G-100 chromatography. The results of residual activity tests conducted using different temperature ranges (50-70 °C) were calculated as the activation energy (E d  = 72 kJ/mol), enthalpy (69.31 ≤ (ΔH° ≤ 69.10 kJ/mol), entropy (-122.48 ≤ ΔS° ≤ -121.13 J/mol·K), and Gibbs free energy (108.87 ≤ ΔG° ≤ 111.25 kJ/mol) of the enzyme irreversible denaturation. These thermodynamic parameters indicate that this novel PAP is highly thermostable and may be significant for use in industrial applications. However, it may be confirmed by stopped-flow measurements that this substitution produces a chromophoric Fe 3+ site and a Pi-substrate interaction that is about ten times faster. Additionally, these data show that phenyl phosphate hydrolysis proceeds more rapidly in metal form of A. arvensis PAP than the creation of a μ-1,3 phosphate complex. The Fe 3+ site in the native Fe 3+ -Mn 2+ derivative interacts with it at a faster rate than in the Fe 3+ -Fe 2+ form. This is most likely caused by a network of hydrogen bonds between the first and second coordination spheres. This suggests that the choice of metal ions plays a significant role in regulating the activity of this enzyme., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The author has no conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript and the authors have complied with journal ethical requirements. Moreover, manuscript is approved by all authors as well as all the authorities acknowledged for publication., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)