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This paper proposes a computationally efficient building energy management algorithm for demand response that can serve as a grid-ancillary system. The controller aims to regulate flexible loads and intelligent switches, complying with the utility’s request. The control algorithm dynamically optimizes the load’s configuration of the building. This optimization is based on the required power consumption level and the resident’s actual comfort constraints. Since the load-matrix considered by the proposed algorithm is computationally expensive, a novel region-selection approach is incorporated in the algorithm to make the strategy computationally efficient. The proposed algorithm is validated through OPAL-RT Real-Time Digital Simulation with Raspberry Pi. The test results show that the algorithm is capable of curtailing controllable loads during emergencies and outage scenarios to maintain an uninterrupted supply to the critical loads and respect the power limit request of the building.

Harnessing wind energy across all over the globe increasing due to raw energy availability and uses of a higher grade of optimized technology. Mostly European countries are adopted this energy expansion over other regions because of the huge availability of wind in these areas. The potential of wind energy in Bangladesh is not tremendously good but has some good prospect if modern technology and greater optimization can take place. Presently the coastal regions, as well as Cox's Bazar, Chittagong, Teknaf, Patenga, Mongla, and Kutubdia, are a most suitable point to harnessing or working on wind energy. Although the velocity of wind in these regions is not perfect for harnessing energy from a big size wind turbine rather it is quite capable to generate electricity from small size turbine in an efficient way. Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is perfectly appropriate for extracting the maximum power from wind in such these low wind speed area. NACA foil is mainly prioritized to build this type small sized VAWT system because of the low maintained mechanism. The small-sized VAWT system needs more analyzed wind data to work in an optimized condition. The positions and efficiency of the turbine system are highly depend on the blade lift and drag coefficient because of random wind flow directions. Counting all these points the main objective is to examine the wind data available in these areas and design a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) suitable for small sized electricity generation system in an efficient way by optimizing turbine blades and its foil mechanism.

In this paper, the design and analysis of a modified outer rotor PMA has been presented, which increases the efficiency and machine capacity by minimizing the cogging torque. The modified outer rotor type PMA will be suitable for extremely low-speed wind turbine based power generation system. The performances of the machine are analyzed by simulation using ANSOFT MAXWEL software, and the results are compared with the typical PMA model. All the performances are examined using finite element analysis (FEA) method to get higher accuracy in simulation stage.

The outer rotor radial flux permanent magnet alternator (PMA) is more suitable for low-speed applications than axial flux or inner rotor radial flux PMA. With the reduction of rotational speed the cogging torque and ripple torque magnitude increases significantly which is known as pulsating torque. The increment of these torque factors superimpose on generated torque thereby degrading the quality of the output power. This superimposed torque increases body vibration and creates extra noise. This paper examines the impact of these torques especially the cogging torque, and extracts it from the actual torque to minimize its impacts on the performance of the machine. By using analytical method, total cogging torque has been derived and correlated from the cogging torque by Fourier series expression of a single stator slot. Some factors or parameters like fractional slotting, cogging torque goodness factor have been considered, examined and modified by using these derived expressions which are directly involved in cogging torque manipulation to minimize the cogging torque from an extremely low-speed outer rotor PMA arrangement to improve the performance and stability of the machine. The design aspects of the PMA have been examined using finite element method (FEA) for its higher accuracy.

The outer rotor permanent magnet alternator is unrivaled for low-speed wind turbine frameworks because of it's robust structure, low maintenance and construction cost while the inner rotor permanent magnet alternators are most economically accessible for its customary auxiliary setup. In this research, a comparative study of design and performance analysis between an inner rotor PMA and an outer rotor PMA used for low-speed and small capacity wind turbine system has been overviewed using simulation. The basic setup like materials, magnets and some electrical and mechanical parameters are concentrated on, and the performance parameters of PMAs are observed by changing these rudimentary electromechanical parameters. By considering all of these contemplations, higher productivity from the outer rotor PMA with higher efficiency has been accomplished compared to that of inner rotor PAMs for low-speed wind turbine system.

The in-runner permanent magnet alternator (PMA) is adequately utilized as a part of wind power generation system specially for its robust and conventional structural configuration. In this research, the execution investigation of an in-runner outspread flux PMA intended for direct driven, extremely low-speed and small capacity wind power system has been examined with numerous modification shave taken into account e.g. changing some mechanical parameters such as use of effective and robust material, fractional slotting per pole, improving the slot fill factor and mounting of the magnets for reduction of cogging torque. The proposed configuration has been analyzed by finite element analysis (FEA) technique keeping in mind the end goal to observe the real time performance with several loss counting and cogging torque calculation. A good slot fill factor improves the thermal condition in the slot of the stator by reducing the copper losses. Considering all the point, an in-runner radial flux permanent magnet alternator (RFPMA) has been achieved with minimum losses and higher efficiency.

Implementation of wind turbines has been expanded fundamentally on account of its accessibility and simple and easy generation techniques all around the globe. In the interim in Bangladesh wind energy conversion techniques are exceptionally late idea contrasted with other renewable energy conversion techniques but then in numerous spots research are going on to study and investigate the wind speed. Bangladesh has reasonably wind energy potential. In the present study, wind attributes and wind energy capability in the coastal regions including Chittagong, Cox's Bazar, Hatiya, Teknaf, Kutubdia, Mongla and Patenga are been investigated. The main focus of this research is to study the wind prospects of coastal regions in Bangladesh by building up a measurable examination of wind speed and available power calculation at diverse seaside areas at 15m height, analyzation of air foils and design of turbine's blades for a 250W low-speed horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT).

Implementation of wind turbines has been increased significantly because of its availability, easy and low cost generation around the world. Meanwhile in Bangladesh wind energy conversion is a very recent concept compared to other renewable energy conversion techniques and yet in many places research is going on to measure and analysis the wind velocity. The primary target of this research is to determine the wind prospects of Teknaf coastal area in Bangladesh by developing a statistical analysis of wind velocity at that region and to propose the design of blades for a low-speed wind turbine using theoretical analysis of power availability and wind velocity at different heights. The design approach can be applied successfully to develop a low-speed wind turbine's pole and blade construction.