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Electrocatalytic oxidation of organics using water as the oxygen source is a prospective but challenging method to produce high-value-added chemicals; especially, the competitive oxygen evolution reaction (OER) limits its efficiency. Herein, a tandem catalysis strategy based on a single-atom catalyst with Cr atoms atomically dispersed at a CoSe

While the new pneumonia epidemic (CVD-19) has had an unprecedented impact on the traditional economic model, it has also given a huge boost to the new retail industry immersive technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR). Mixed Reality (MR)will achieve breakthrough development of even more 5G technology, focusing on digital media with multi-sensory interaction features such as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic-immersive media-to build a new paradigm for commercial information dissemination.Therefore, it is of obvious relevance to understand the value of immersive media in the digital retail space an to find the right way to apply it to the way coastal cities grow economically.

To investigate the expression level of miR-181b in CD19+ B lymphocytes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), to analyze the relationship between its expression and the prognosis of CLL patients, and to predict the potential target gene of miR-181b in CLL by using bioinformatics.Eight-four patients with CLL treated in People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from June 2013 to June 2018 were selected. and 20 healthy people were selected as control group. RNA was extracted from CD19+B lymphocytes of peripheral blood by magnetic bead sorting, the expression level of miR-181b was detected, and it's expression differences in different IPI groups were analyzed. The correlation between the expression level of miR-181b and PFS of CLL patients also was analyzed. miR-181b target genes were predicted by online database and literatures, and gene annotation analysis and relevant signal pathway analysis were performed for candidate target genes.The expression level of miR-181b in CLL patients was significantly lower than that in control group (P＜0.01); The expression level of miR-181b in the low-risk group was higher than that in high-risk group and extremely high-risk group (P＜0.05), but there was no statistical difference between low-risk group and medium-risk group (P=1.00). The expression level of miR-181b in medium-risk group was higher than that in high-risk group and extremely high-risk group (P＜0.05), but there was no difference between high-risk group and extremely high-risk group (P=1.00). ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.792 (P＜0.01).When the expression level of miR-181b was at the threshold value of 0.279, it showed a better sensitivity (62.9%) and specificity (91.8%). Survival analysis results suggested that compared with the high expression group, the miR-181b low expression group had poor PFS (log rank: P=0.047). Prediction of miR-181b by using the starBase, targetscan and picTar database and its combination with literature reports indicated that CARD11, ZFP36L1, RUNX1, NR4A3, ATP1B1, PUM1 and PLAG1 related with blood diseases, and up-regulated CARD11 and ZFP36L1 participated in lymphoid tumor formation by promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting cell aging.The expression level of miR-181b in CLL group are significantly lower than that in the controls group, and the low expression of miR-181b relates with poor prognosis of CLL patients. Through bioinformatics prediction and combined with literature reports, it is speculated that CARD11 and ZFP36L1 as target genes of miR-181b may be participated in the occurrence and development of CLL. Further experiments are needed to verify this result.miR-181b在慢性淋巴细胞白血病患者中的表达及其靶基因的预测.探讨miR-181b在慢性淋巴细胞白血病（CLL）患者CD19+B淋巴细胞中的表达水平，分析其表达与CLL预后关系，并利用生物信息学预测miR-181b在CLL中的潜在靶基因.选取2013年6月至2018年6月在新疆自治区人民医院诊治的CLL患者84例、并选取健康者20例为对照组。应用磁珠分选CLL患者和对照组外周血CD19+ B淋巴细胞后进行RNA提取，检测miR-181b的表达水平，分析其在不同IPI分组中表达差异，探讨miR-181b表达水平与CLL患者PFS相关性。使用网上数据库及文献预测miR-181b靶基因,对候选靶基因进行基因注释分析及相关信号通路分析.miR-181b在CLL患者中表达显著低于对照组（P＜0.01）。miR-181b在低危组的表达水平高于高危组和极高危组（P＜0.05），但在低危组与中危组间表达无差异（P=1.00），中危组中miR-181b的表达水平高于高危组和极高危组（P＜0.05）,但在高危组与极高危组间表达无差异。ROC曲线结果显示，曲线下面积（AUC）为0.792（P＜0.01）， 由此显示，miR-181b表达水平处于分界值0.279时，具有较好的敏感性（62.9%）和特异性（91.8%）。生存分析结果提示，与高表达组相比，miR-181b低表达CLL患者具有较差的PFS（log-rank：P=0.047）。使用starBase、Targetscan和PicTar数据库进行靶基因预测，结合文献报道，与血液疾病相关的靶基因有CARD11、ZFP36L1、RUNX1、NR4A3、ATP1B1、PUM1和PLAG1，其中上调的CARD11、ZFP36L1通过促进细胞增殖、抑制细胞衰老参与淋巴系统肿瘤形成.miR-181b在CLL患者中的表达水平明显低于健康对照组，且miR-181b低表达与CLL不良预后有关。通过生物信息学预测并结合文献报道，推测CARD11及ZFP36L1可能作为miR-181b的靶基因参与CLL疾病发生发展，该结果还需要进一步实验进行验证.

To explore the value of CpG-oligonucleotide(CpG-ODN) immunostimulatory method in chromosome culture of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells and to compare the differences between related studies at home and abroad, so as to improve the success rate of CLL karyotype culture and the detection rate of abnormal karyo-types.Bone marrow samples from 82 CLL patients were collected and cultured with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), CpG-oligonucleotide plus interleukin-2 (CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2) for 72 hours. Chromosomes were prepared and analyzed by conventional cytogenetics (CC). Meanwhile, D13S25, Rb1, ATM, p53 and CSP12 probes were used for interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) test. The differences of chromosome culture and iFISH test results between two cell stimulants were compared.The success rate of karyotype culture in PHA and CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 immunostimuli (analyzable mitotic t20) was 90.2% (74 cases), 68.3% (56 cases) respectively, and the detection rate of abnormal karyotype was 13.5% (10 cases) and 46.4% (26 cases), respectively. The success rate of karyotype culture in PHA group was significantly higher than that in CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 group (P=0.01). The detection rate of abnormal karyotypes in CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 group was significantly higher than that in PHA group, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.003). The detection rate of abnormal karyotypes in iFISH group was 74.4% (61 cases), which was significantly higher than that in CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 group (P=0.000). iFISH detection could verify the abnormalities detected by CC analysis.Application of CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 immunostimulation method in culture of CLL cells can enhance the detection rate of abnormal karyotypes, especially the detection of various translocations suggesting poor prognosis.CpG-寡核苷酸免疫刺激法在慢性淋巴细胞白血病遗传学研究中的应用.探索 CpG-寡核苷酸(CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide，CpG-ODN)免疫刺激法在慢性淋巴细胞白血病(chronic lymphocytic leukemia，CLL)细胞染色体培养中的价值，对比国内外相关研究的差异，进一步提高 CLL 核型培养成功率及异常核型检出率.收集82 例 CLL 患者的骨髓标本，分别应用植物血凝素(PHA)、CpG-寡核苷酸联合白介素-2(CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2)刺激培养72 h 后收获细胞，制备染色体，进行常规细胞遗传学(conventional cytogenetics，CC)分析。同时应用 D13S25、Rb1、ATM、p53 和 CSP12 探针进行间期荧光原位杂交(interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization，iFISH)检测。比较2种细胞刺激剂进行染色体培养及iFISH检测结果的差异性.PHA 与 CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 2种免疫刺激法核型培养成功率(可分析分裂相 t≥20 个)分别为90.2％ (74例)和68.3%(56例)，异常核型检出率分别为 13.5％(10例)和46.4％(26例)。PHA组核型培养成功率显著高于CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 组 (P=0.01) ，而CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 组异常核型检出率显著高于PHA 组 (P=0.003) 。iFISH 异常核型检出率 (74.4%，61例)显著高于CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 组 (P=0.000)。iFISH检测能验证CC分析检出的异常.应用 CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 免疫刺激法培养 CLL 细胞,可提高异常核型检出率，特别是能检出提示预后差的各种易位.

In order to study and analyze the vibration response of simply supported box girder bridge-maglev vehicle, a 25 m span simply supported box girder bridge of Changsha Maglev Express was selected as the research object. Field tests were carried out to explore the dynamic response of maglev vehicle running on the bridge. Firstly, the dynamic characteristics of the bridge under the action of medium-low speed maglev train at different speeds were analyzed, and the vibration response of vehicle and bridge was studied at the design speed of 60∼130 km/h. Among them, the longitudinal acceleration of simply supported box girder ranged from 60 km/h to 130 km/h, which increased linearly with the speed of the train and reached the maximum 0.59 m/s2. Its longitudinal deflection also increased with the increase in train speed, which reached the maximum 1.605 mm at 130 km/h. When the speed is 130 km/h, the suspension gap of the maglev vehicle was concentrated in the range of 7.24∼11.50 mm. Through the test analysis, this study provides a basis for the vibration response analysis of simply supported box girder bridge-maglev train. It also provides a reference for the modification and formulation of relevant specifications and experimental verification for the acceleration work of medium-low speed maglev train in the future.

The as-homogenized Al-5.5 Mg-0.3Mn-0.2Sc-0.1Zr alloy with average grain size of 60 μm and coherent Al3(Sc,Zr) precipitates of 5 nm in diameter was deformed to an accumulative equivalent strain (∑e) of 7.02 by multi-axial forging (MAF) in channel die at room temperature. The mechanical property and microstructure of the as-homogenized (∑e = 0), 3rd (∑e = 2.34), 6th (∑e = 4.68) and 9th pass (∑e = 7.02) samples were investigated. Results show that dynamic recrystallization was inhibited due to the pinning effect of AlxMn and Al3(Sc,Zr) precipitates. High density dislocation structure produced a remarkable strain hardening resulting a significant improvement of mechanical property at low equivalent strain (∑e ≤ 2.34), while, the grain size changed little and the fine-grain strengthening effect was not obvious. Low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) formed gradually with increasing of equivalent strain as dislocation recombining, and developed into high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs), resulting an obvious structure refinement at high equivalent strain. As a combined strengthening effect of strain hardening and grain boundary strengthening, the yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased to as high as 509 MPa and 597 MPa respectively when equivalent strain reached to 7.02.

This paper describes a robust feature detection method for omni-directional image which used for target and region-of-interest (ROI) detection. The omnni-directional system can provide much larger FOV (field of view) which can support 360° of the whole environment. Firstly, we briefly introduce the back-transformation model of the omni-directional system. Then, the Harris and SIFT (scale invariant feature transform) is applied to find the key-point features of the around area. Finally, we compared the above feature detection methods (Harris and SIFT) for the omni-directional image and its corresponding unwrapping panoramic-cylindrical and solve this matching problem with some experiment and discussion.

We have identified a biologically active component, panaxadiol saponins component (PDS-C), from Chinese ginseng herb extract. Panaxadiol saponins component contains five ginsenoside monomers with total purity of 92.44%. In this study, the BALB/c mouse model with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) was established by injection of antiplatelet antibody every other day for 5 total times; the peripheral blood platelet counts steadily decreased to 20%-30% of normal levels and remained decreased for about 10 days. The antiplatelet antibody was derived from the sera of guinea pigs immunized with the platelets of BALB/c mice. Mice with ITP were treated with PDS-C at a low, a moderate, or a high dose for 10 consecutive days. We observed that the peripheral blood platelet counts of ITP mice were significantly higher than that of ITP controls (untreated) after treatment of PDS-C in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with PDS-C also increased the mature megakaryocytes in the bone marrow of treated ITP animals with a concomitant decease of immature megakaryocyte precursors. Furthermore, macrophage phagocytosis of exogenous erythrocytes in the intra-abdominal cavity of ITP mice was inhibited by PDS-C treatment, indicating that PDS-C also could modulate immune function and may possibly prevent phagocytosis of antibody-coated platelets. Altogether, our findings suggest that PDS-C may have a dual role, promoting proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytes, as well as modulating immune function, and it may therefore be very helpful in the treatment of ITP.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multicentred neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the accumulation and aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) in several parts of the central nervous system. However, it is well established that PD can generate symptoms of constipation and other gastrointestinal problems and α-syn containing lesions have been identified in intestinal nerve cells. In this study, we show that α-syn can be taken up and accumulate in primary human foetal enteric neurons from the gastrointestinal tract and can be transferred between foetal enteric neurons. Impaired proteosomal/lysosomal degradation can promote the uptake and accumulation of α-syn in enteric neurons. Enteric neurons exposed to α-syn can also lead to impaired mitochondrial complex I activity, reduced mitochondrial function, and NAD(+) depletion culminating in cell death via energy restriction. These findings demonstrate neuron-to-neuron transmission of α-syn in enteric neurons, providing renewed evidence for Braak's hypothesis and the aetiology of PD.

According to the ceramic tile color difference classification detection problem, this paper presents a method for color difference based on Histogram statistical values. First, the color image in RGB color space is converted to HSI color space, median filter was selected for image preprocessing. Then, the ceramic samples HSI Histogram statistical of each channel was calculated respectively. Take the Histogram statistical as the color difference classification character value. For real timerequirement, using minimum distance classifier as classification basis. Compared with the S, I channel, the results showed that adopted the H channel Histogram statistical value as feature vector has higher accuracy for ceramic tile color difference classification.

The development of immune cytopenias is a well-recognized side effect of many drugs. Quinine- and quinidine-dependent antibodies are classic examples of drug-induced effects that cause severe, life-threatening thrombocytopenia. Whereas the effects of drug-dependent antibodies on platelets have been well documented, their effects on megakaryocyte (Mk) biology are still unclear. We analyzed sera from several quinine-induced thrombocytopenia (QITP) patients on highly pure Mks (98% glycoprotein IIb-positive [GPIIb+]; 92% GPIX+) derived from human CD34+ cells cultured with human thrombopoietin. We demonstrate by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy that QITP IgGs bind Mks efficiently in the presence of quinine. Incubation of day-4 Mks with QITP sera or purified IgG resulted in induction of apoptosis, a significant decrease in cell viability, and an increase in cell death. Furthermore, QITP sera preferentially reduced the number of late GPIX+/GPIbα+ Mks and the number of receptors per cell in the surviving population. Ploidy distribution, lobularity, and average cell size of Mks remained unchanged after treatment. In addition, treated Mks showed a marked decrease in their proplatelet production capacity, suggesting that drug-dependent antibodies hinder platelet production. Therefore, QITP antibodies considerably reduce the proplatelet production capabilities of Mks despite undetectable effects on DNA content, morphology, and cell size.

CD4, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of receptors that mediates cell-cell interactions in the immune system, is the primary receptor for HIV-1. The extracellular portion of CD4 is a concatenation of four immunoglobulin-like domains, D1 to D4. The D1, D2 and D4 domains each contain a disulfide bond. We show here that the D2 disulfide bond is redox-active. The redox state of the thiols (disulfide versus dithiol) appeared to be regulated by thioredoxin, which is secreted by CD4(+) T cells. Locking the CD4 and the thioredoxin active-site dithiols in the reduced state with a hydrophilic trivalent arsenical blocked entry of HIV-1 into susceptible cells. These findings indicate that redox changes in CD4 D2 are important for HIV-1 entry and represent a new target for HIV-1 entry inhibitors.

Phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) is secreted by tumor cells and facilitates reduction of disulfide bond(s) in plasmin (Lay, A. J., Jiang, X.-M., Kisker, O., Flynn, E., Underwood, A., Condron, R., and Hogg, P. J. (2000) Nature 408, 869-873). The angiogenesis inhibitor, angiostatin, is cleaved from the reduced plasmin by a combination of serine- and metalloproteinases. The chemistry of protein reductants is typically mediated by a pair of closely spaced Cys residues. There are seven Cys in human PGK, and mutation of all seven to Ala did not appreciably affect plasmin reductase activity, although some of the mutations perturbed the tertiary structure of the protein. Cys-379 and Cys-380 are close to the hinge that links the N- and C-terminal domains of PGK. Alkylation/oxidation of Cys-379 and -380 by four different thiol-reactive compounds reduced plasmin reductase activity to 7--35% of control. Binding of 3-phosphoglycerate and/or MgATP to the N- and C-terminal domains of PGK, respectively, triggers a hinge bending conformational change in the enzyme. Incubation of PGK with 3-phosphoglycerate and/or MgATP ablated plasmin reductase activity, with half-maximal inhibitory effects at approximately 1 mm concentration. In summary, reduction of plasmin by PGK is a thiol-independent process, although either alkylation/oxidation of the fast-reacting Cys near the hinge or hinge bending conformational change in PGK perturbs plasmin reduction by PGK, perhaps by obstructing the interaction of plasmin with PGK or perturbing conformational changes in PGK required for plasmin reduction.

N -dansylhomocysteine (DnsHCys) is quenched on S-nitrosation. The product of this reaction, N -dansyl- S -nitrosohomocysteine, is a sensitive, direct fluorogenic substrate for the denitrosation activity of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) with an apparent K M of 2 μM. S -nitroso-BSA (BSA-NO) competitively inhibited this reaction with an apparent K I of 1 μM. The oxidized form of DnsHCys, N,N -didansylhomocystine, rapidly accumulated in cells and was reduced to DnsHCys. The fluorescence of DnsHCys-preloaded human umbilical endothelial cells and hamster lung fibroblasts were monitored as a function of extracellular BSA-NO concentration via dynamic fluorescence microscopy. The observed quenching of the DnsHCys fluorescence was an indirect measure of cell surface PDI (csPDI) catalyzed denitrosation of extracellular S -nitrosothiols as decrease or increase in the csPDI levels in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells correlated with the rate of quenching and the PDI inhibitors, 5,5′-dithio- bis -3-nitrobenzoate and 4-( N -( S -glutathionylacetyl) amino)phenylarsenoxide inhibited quenching. The apparent K M values for denitrosation of BSA-NO by csPDI ranged from 12 μM to 30 μM. Depletion of membrane N 2 O 3 with the lipophylic antioxidant, vitamin E, inhibited csPDI-mediated quenching rates of DnsHCys fluorescence by ≈70%. The K M for BSA-NO increased by ≈3-fold and V max decreased by ≈4-fold. These findings suggest that csPDI catalyzed NO released from extracellular S -nitrosothiols accumulates in the membrane where it reacts with O 2 to produce N 2 O 3 . Intracellular thiols may then be nitrosated by N 2 O 3 at the membrane-cytosol interface.

Disulphide bonds in secreted proteins are considered to be inert because of the oxidizing nature of the extracellular milieu. An exception to this rule is a reductase secreted by tumour cells that reduces disulphide bonds in the serine proteinase plasmin1,2. Reduction of plasmin initiates proteolytic cleavage in the kringle 5 domain and release of the tumour blood vessel inhibitor angiostatin3. New blood vessel formation or angiogenesis is critical for tumour expansion and metastasis4,5. Here we show that the plasmin reductase isolated from conditioned medium of fibrosarcoma cells is the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase6. Recombinant phosphoglycerate kinase had the same specific activity as the fibrosarcoma-derived protein. Plasma of mice bearing fibrosarcoma tumours contained several-fold more phosphoglycerate kinase, as compared with mice without tumours. Administration of phosphoglycerate kinase to tumour-bearing mice caused an increase in plasma levels of angiostatin, and a decrease in tumour vascularity and rate of tumour growth. Our findings indicate that phosphoglycerate kinase not only functions in glycolysis but is secreted by tumour cells and participates in the angiogenic process as a disulphide reductase.

After analyzing the deficiency of existing perception-based image processing problems, the most important properties of color spaces are identified without cross contamination between lightness, saturation, hue and with maximum perceptual uniformity. This paper using multi-grid optimization and standard color-difference formulas transformed images from an initial color space to the new color space. The new working color space performance ability is tested in image segmentation, using ISODATA algorithm to get the k-means clustering algorithms best cluster number and the initial cluster center. After comparing with the exiting color spaces, the experiment results showed color attributes of the new space free of cross contamination and with maximum perceptual uniformity which can improve the image segmentation algorithms' accuracy.

The effects of bile duct ligation (BDL) on the activity and content of individual hepatic mixed-function oxidases (MFOs) was examined. Five days after BDL, hepatic microsomal total cytochrome P450 (CYP) content and NADPH-cytochrome P450-reductase (P450-reductase) activity were reduced to 56% and 57% of control, respectively. MFO activities attributable to the sexually undifferentiated CYPs 1A, 2A1, 2C6, and 2E1 were decreased to 32% to 52% of control, but the activities of two male sex-specific CYPs, 2C11 and 3A2, were reduced to a significantly greater extent (P < .05). The microsomal contents of CYP proteins 2C6 and 2E1 were decreased after BDL to 61% and 63% of control, whereas 2C11 and 3A2 proteins were 21% and 45% of control. Corresponding reductions of the messenger RNA (mRNA) species for CYP 2C11 (9% of control) and 3A2 (37%) were detected, whereas there was no reduction of 2C6 mRNA. These findings are consistent with downregulation of the CYP 2C11 and 3A2 genes. Nuclear run-on studies performed 3 days after BDL showed that there was a generalized impairment of gene transcription after BDL, but a disproportionate reduction in transcription of CYPs 2C11 and 3A2. A possible explanation for downregulation of CYP 2C11 and 3A2 was provided by the observation that serum estradiol concentrations were threefold greater in BDL male rats, while serum testosterone was reduced; estradiol is known to downregulate CYPs 2C11 and 3A2. It is concluded that male sex-specific CYP enzymes are decreased to a greater extent than other microsomal proteins in BDL male rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

To investigate the efficacy and safety as well as the effects of lower dose of rituximab on B-lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulin, and platelet glycoprotein-specific antibodies in patients with chronic refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).Twenty chronic refractory ITP patients, median age 47 (20 to 60) years old, received intravenous rituximab at the dose of 100mg once weekly for 4 consecutive weeks. Laboratory studies included complete blood cell count, regular monitoring of liver and kidney functions, blood coagulation and serum concentrations of IgG, IgM and IgA. CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD19(+), CD20(+) cell numbers were assayed by flow cytometry prior to and following rituximab. Platelet glycoprotein antibodies were detected by ELISA. The detection of indicators were compared by paired T test, with P0.05 as statistically significant.There was significant difference of the average platelet count between prior- \[(13 ± 5) × 10(9)/L\] and post-treatment \[(124 ± 106) × 10(9)/L\] with lower dose rituximab (P0.01). Reaching PLT peak period was of (24 ± 7) d with median time of 18 d. The responses were of 11(55%) CR, 4 (20%) R and 5 (25%) NR, respectively, with median response duration of 8 months (5 - 23 months). There were no significant changes of peripheral blood white blood cell count, hemoglobin, serum immunoglobulin, as well as CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) lymphocyte counts during prior- and post-treatment. CD19(+)/CD20(+) cells were almost depleted in all patients \[(125.65 ± 14.12) × 10(6)/L vs (50.53 ± 29.11) × 10(6)/L, P0.01)\]. Expectedly, three cases of positive detection of platelet antibodies were negative after 4 weeks of lower dose of rituximab; one patient experienced infusion-related reaction.Treatment with lower dose rituximab may be an effective and safe approach in patient with chronic refractory ITP. However, the optimal therapeutic schedule, long-term efficacy and adverse events need further investigation.

Helicopter plays an important role in the national defense industry. Helicopter blades pyramid angle is key test item in aircraft test technology. According to the previous rotor blades measurement methods, this paper proposes a new method based on panoramic vision technology. A group of inverse projection equations derived from panoramic spherical reductive algorithm for calculation of the blades height differences. The target blade real-time extraction was realized by using synchronization circuit to control the camera and the corresponding solving method on the panoramic image was studied. Image first segment adopted the pulse coupled neural network(PCNN) algorithm. The experimental results show that this method has higher accuracy and suitable for rotor blades pyramid measurement system and can be used in the future actual production process.

Introduction. Heparin is widely used as an anticoagulant to prevent thrombosis and to treat venous thromboembolism and myocardial infarction. A complication of heparin use is the development of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), which is a limb- and life-threatening disorder due to associated thrombotic events. HIT arises through the formation of immune complexes between heparin, platelet factor 4 and HIT autoantibodies. These immune complexes engage with FcγRIIa receptors on platelets, leading to platelet activation and aggregation and subsequent initiation of the coagulation pathway. Current HIT treatment consists of cessation of heparin administration and substitution with parenteral anticoagulants such as argatroban and danaparoid. While these anticoagulants are generally beneficial in reducing thrombocytopenia, they are only partially effective since the risk of thrombosis continues due to the underlying FcγRIIa-mediated platelet activation. Thus, alternative anticoagulants do not reduce morbidity and mortality rates, highlighting the need for more effective HIT interventions. Methods. IV.3 is a monoclonal antibody that recognizes and blocks the FcγRIIa receptor and is used in assays to confirm the presence of HIT antibodies. We derived the VH and VL sequences of IV.3 and constructed a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody in the form of VH-linker-VL. Using a complementarity determining region grafting and point mutation approach the scFv was humanized with the aim of reducing potential immunogenicity for future clinical applications. The molecule was expressed in E. coli and purified by FPLC. We reconstituted the HIT condition in a micro-fluidics device on a Vena8 Fluoro+ biochip coated with vWf using whole blood flowing at 20 dyne/cm2 at 37oC. Whole blood was stained with DiOC6 and the formation of platelet aggregates was monitored by fluorescence microscopy. Video images were acquired at 1 frame every 2 sec for 460 sec. Results. The purified scFv interacts with FcγRIIa on platelets. Platelet aggregation and serotonin release assays show that the scFv effectively prevents aggregation and activation induced by HIT immune complexes. We demonstrate that in the HIT condition reconstituted in a micro-fluidics system the scFv precludes thrombus deposition in a dose-dependent manner as determined by thrombus coverage area and mean thrombus diameter (Figure 1). Conclusions. These data provide evidence that a humanized scFv binds and neutralizes FcγRIIa on platelets. This interaction prevents HIT immune complex-induced platelet aggregation and activation in vitro and stops thrombus deposition ex vivo. This molecule, therefore, inhibits a critical initiating event in HIT and may serve as a potential treatment for this condition. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E6/E7 mRNAs have been detected in paraffin-embedded sections of histologically cancer-free pelvic lymph nodes from four of six patients with HPV 16-associated cervical cancer. The cDNA obtained from the viral mRNA by reverse transcription was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Transcripts were present in a small but significant proportion (6/42. 14%) of the histologically negative/HPV 16 DNA-positive lymph node blocks; but neither HPV 16 DNA nor transcripts were found in 12 lymph node blocks from two patients whose cervical cancers were not HPV-related. Both of the HPV 16 mRNAs detectable by the PCR primers used in the assay (the E6*I and the full-length E6 transcript) were found in the primary tumors, but the transcription patterns in the lymph nodes were variable. The presence of HPV E6/E7 mRNAs in lymph nodes of patients with HPV-related cancer may be a more sensitive indicator of metastasis than conventional histology. In addition, their detection is likely to be more significant than that of HPV DNA sequences alone. The practical significance of the findings, however, awaits correlation with the ultimate clinical outcome.

sing laser measurement method for the helicopter blade pyramid angle detection has the advantages in simple structure, fast respond and high accuracy. The detecting principle and the realization of the helicopter pyramid angle based on the laser cutting method are introduced. Compared with previous measurements, design a new laser light path structure by using spectroscopes. Based on similarity criterion, the calculation methods on some critical components parameters of the helicopter dynamic balance test platform model are introduced. By simulation experiment the system can fully meet the design requirements and runs steadily.

Combined with the latest developments of Java open source framework, a lightweight multi-level E-commerce system architecture based on Struts2, Spring and Hibernate has been designed in this paper, and the three frameworks' integration methods and strategies have been discussed as well. The MVC (Model/View/Controller) design pattern of Struts2, the IoC (Inversion of Control) management of Spring and the O/R (Object/Relation) mapping function have been adopted comprehensively in this architecture.

This paper presents a new method applied to helicopter blades pyramid angle measurement system based on CMOS technology, the overall design scheme of the system is offered and the imaging error is analyzed. Based on similarity criterion, the calculation methods on some critical components parameters of the helicopter dynamic balance test platform model are introduced. Provides a concise and rapid calibration method on the camera intrinsic parameters and the algorithm method is introduced. Design the image processing software based on the filter and edge detecting technology. Finally give the experimental results and tested the measurement system's accuracy within 1.5mm.

This paper mainly studies the problems of helicopter blades detection and tracking in image sequences acquired by a moving camera, it presents a method of background motion compensation and difference based on block matching technique. As proved by experiments, the method not only eliminates the bad effects of camera moving to object detection, but also the target extracted from real-time images is relatively entire. Through the method combined with image symmetry difference, the thesis designs a method of moving target tracking based on moving camera. The experiments of rotating blades in complex background show that the results of tracking targets appear relatively good. The method can track the target in a small sight angle, and it has some functional values to a degree in a video surveillance system with a single camera.

The design scheme of variable structure control for discrete-time systems is considered. Due to the shortcoming of discrete exponential reaching law which can not push the system state approach to zero but induce oscillation, a new discrete reaching law is presented to improve the reaching process of discrete exponential reaching law via using saturation function to replace sign function. The discrete-time variable structure control system designed by this reaching law can not only weaken the chattering and push the system state approach to zero gradually, but also keep the basic property of quasi-sliding mode which can cross the switching surface step by step. This method improves the reaching process and enhances the control quality of the discrete-time variable structure control system. The simulation results validate the feasibility and reasonability of this method.

To study the relation between host genetic background and the susceptibility to H.pylori associated gastric cancer, PCR-sequencing and PCR-RFLP were used to screen SECRETOR gene polymorphisms in 142 subjects including 69 cancer patients and 73 non-cancer individuals from high-risk area of gastric cancer in Shandong and 93 control individuals from Beijing. Results showed that the difference in se(w)/se(w) distribution between non-cancer individuals and Beijing population was significant (P0.01,OR is 3.06,95% CI,1.28-7.30), but that between cancer patients and non-cancer individuals was not with significance. SE gene polymorphism was not relevant to H.pylori infection. We concluded that Shandong population from high-risk area of gastric cancer shared a high distribution of se(w)/se(w) genotype,which could be considered as one of the genetic markers.

To explore the cause leading to the difference in incidence of gastric cancer between Linqu and Cangshan populations, Shandong Province,and to provide evidence for the possible mechanism of high incidence of gastric cancer in Linqu County,the distribution of T59G mutation in Lewis gene was screened between Linqu and Cangshan populations by PCR-sequencing.The frequency of individuals with T59G mutation was 34.5% in Linqu population and 31.6% in Cangshan population,respectively,with no significant difference, P0.05, and OR is 1.14 (95% CI,0.59-2.19). This suggests that Linqu and Cangshan populations may share the same genetic background.T59G mutation of Lewis gene could not be used as a genetic marker for Linqu and Cangshan populations and is not relevant to the difference in incidence of gastric cancer between them.

It has been proposed that certain cell-surface proteins undergo redox reactions, that is, transfer of hydrogens and electrons between closely spaced cysteine thiols that can lead to reduction, formation, or interchange of disulfide bonds. This concept was tested using a membrane-impermeable trivalent arsenical to identify closely spaced thiols in cell-surface proteins. We attached the trivalent arsenical, phenylarsenoxide, to the thiol of reduced glutathione to produce 4-(N-(S-glutathionylacetyl)amino)phenylarsenoxide (GSAO). GSAO bound tightly to synthetic, peptide, and protein dithiols like thioredoxin, but not to monothiols. To identify cell-surface proteins that contain closely spaced thiols, we attached a biotin moiety through a spacer arm to the primary amino group of the gamma-glutamyl residue of GSAO (GSAO-B). Incorporation of GSAO-B into proteins was assessed by measuring the biotin using streptavidin-peroxidase. Up to 12 distinct proteins were labeled with GSAO-B on the surface of endothelial and fibrosarcoma cells. The pattern of labeled proteins differed between the different cell types. Protein disulfide isomerase was one of the proteins on the endothelial and fibrosarcoma cell surface that incorporated GSAO-B. These findings demonstrate that the cell-surface environment can support the existence of closely spaced protein thiols and suggest that at least some of these thiols are redox active.

Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) facilitates proper folding and disulfide bonding of nascent proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and is secreted by cells and associates with the cell surface. We examined the consequence of over- or underexpression of PDI in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells for the redox state of cell-surface protein thiols/disulfides. Overexpression of PDI resulted in 3.6-4. 2-fold enhanced secretion of PDI and 1.5-1.7-fold increase in surface-bound PDI. Antisense-mediated underexpression of PDI caused 38-53% decreased secretion and 10-33% decrease in surface-bound PDI. Using 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) to measure surface protein thiols, a 41-50% increase in surface thiols was observed in PDI-overexpressing cells, whereas a 29-33% decrease was observed in underexpressing cells. Surface thiol content was strongly correlated with cellular (r = 0.998) and secreted (r = 0.969) PDI levels. The pattern of exofacial protein thiols was examined by labeling with the membrane-impermeable thiol reactive compound, 3-(N-maleimidylpropionyl)biocytin. Fourteen identifiable proteins on HT1080 cells were labeled with 3-(N-maleimidylpropionyl)biocytin. The intensity of labeling of 11 proteins was increased with overexpression of PDI, whereas the intensity of labeling of 3 of the 11 proteins was clearly decreased with underexpression of PDI. These findings indicated that secreted PDI was controlling the redox state of existing exofacial protein thiols or reactive disulfide bonds.

Abstract 3346 Introduction and Aim Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis (HIT) is a life threatening disorder that affects 1–5% of patients receiving heparin therapy. A low platelet count is usually recorded ( Methods The variable heavy chain (VH) and light chain (VL) of the IV.3 antigen binding fragment (Fab) moiety were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These two fragments were then coupled with a linker (Glycine4 and Serine)6. This was followed by introduction of several components including fusion tags (FLAG and c-Myc) at both termini for cloning, detection and purification purposes. The construct was transformed into E. coli (strain-BL21) for protein expression of the scFv. The presence of the protein was detected via immunostaining using anti-FLAG and anti-c-Myc antibodies. The scFv was purified by affinity chromatography and the binding activity was detected using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The functional activity was determined using Platelet Aggregation Assay. The scFv was then humanized to minimize potential immunogenicity. Humanization was achieved by introducing specific mutations that rendered the molecule human-like but did not affect binding specificity. The humanized scFv was also expressed in E. coli, purified and tested as before. Results The scFv protein (32kDa) was expressed, purified and confirmed via immunostaining. The created humanized scFv exhibits binding activity against the FcγRIIa on human platelets as determined by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. In addition, the protein successfully inhibits platelet aggregation at micro molar concentrations in aggregation assays conducted in vitro in the presence of HIT antibodies. Conclusions The humanized scFv was successful in recapitulating the properties of the IV.3 murine monoclonal antibody. It demonstrated binding activity against the FcgRIIa on human platelets and exhibited functional activity by inhibiting platelet activation and aggregation in vitro. This implies that our scFv is able to stop binding of the antibody/PF4/Heparin immune complex to platelets, thus hindering one of the critical initial steps in HIT. The scFv described here may be able to ameliorate the unwanted side effects of heparin therapy and could serve as a potential therapeutic drug for HIT patients. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Abstract 384 The development of immune cytopenias is a well recognized side-effect of many drugs. Of a number of causative agents quinine- and quinidine-induced antibodies are classical examples of drugs that cause severe, life threatening thrombocytopenia and their mechanisms of action could be applicable to other drug-induced factors. The antibodies responsible for quinine (Qn)-induced thrombocytopenia (QITP) are immunoglobulins that usually recognize the von Willebrand factor or the fibrinogen receptors, GPIb/IX or GPIIb/IIIa, respectively. While the effect of drug-induced antibodies on platelets has been well documented their effect on megakaryocyte (Mk) biology has not been described in any detail. We analyzed sera from several QITP patients on highly pure Mks (98% CD41+; 92% CD42a+) derived from human CD34+ cells cultured with recombinant human THPO at 50 ng/ml. We demonstrated by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry that immunoglobulins from QITP patients bound Mks efficiently in the presence of Qn (ranging from 38% to 87% positive cells). Incubation of Day 4 Mks with QITP serum (1:5 dilution) for 4 days in the presence of Qn (0.01mM) resulted in a significant decrease in the number of viable cells (trypan blue exclusion, Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.