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Freshwater demand is one of the most critical challenges facing many countries in the world. Jordan is a country in the middle east that is considered one of the poorest countries for renewable freshwater supplies in the world. Though desalination may be one of the solutions to the problem, the cost and energy expenses could be an obstruction. However, with an abundance of annual solar irradiance in Jordan, solar desalination systems, particularly small-scale ones, are considered better alternatives. In this study, a residential-scale solar desalination system is investigated. The design includes evacuated-tube solar heaters with a heat pipe, and flashing units comprising three desalination stages. The experiments included single-stage, double-stage, and triple-stage desalination. The results showed that production rates of 2.2 kg/m2 using single-stage, 4.7 kg/m2 using double-stage, and 6.4 kg/m2 using triple-stage desalination were obtained from the system. The solar water heater used in the system exhibited an average thermal efficiency of 73 %. The economic analysis revealed that the payback period for the triple-stage desalination system is 8 years. The annualized rate of return was calculated to be 2.2 %, assuming the system operates for 4 h per day and 300 days per year.

In this study, the performance of a Tri-Generation cooling system employing two adsorption chillers will be analysed experimentally and theoretically utilizing the TRNSYS software. The purpose of this study is to assess the performance of two adsorption chillers and to evaluate how operational and design factors affect the performance of the tri-generation cooling system.The system was developed and validated at the Mutah University in Jordan, it consists of 240 m2 parabolic trough solar matrix. The trough matrix heated thermal oil to 260 °C, producing 13.7 bar of 210 °C superheated steam. The power cycle is completed by evaporating brackish water with the engine's 120 °C steam. Distillation yields 150 L of distilled water each hour. The rejected heat from distillation is stored in a thermally isolated hydraulic storage tank and used to power a unique two-stage air cooled adsorption chiller with a cooling capacity of 10 kW each.As a result, adsorption chillers' COP and normalized capacity were calculated. Their optimum values were obtained at 94 °C hot water, 15 °C chilled water, and 35 °C condensation temperature. The lowest COP and normalized capacity values were recorded at 65 °C hot water, 7 °C chilled water, and 38 °C condensation temperature.

Several techniques for cooling mass concrete structures were developed in order to increase structural integrity and reduce the influence of cement hydration, which sometimes causes cracking in concrete structures, negatively affecting their durability. This research focuses on cooling system design, initial investment, and the influence of different refrigerants on cooling system performance aims in producing higher quality massive concrete. Cooling aggregates in massive concrete structures such as desert dams can be performed by employing cooled air from an air conditioning duct system or chilled water. The experimental study illustrates the relationship between the coefficient of performance COP, the evaporator temperature, cooling capacity, and refrigerant mass flow rate as a function of the evaporator temperature, cooling capacity, and refrigerant mass flow rate. The findings of the experiments were utilized to verify a numerical model developed utilizing engineering equation solver (EES) software. The performance of the vapor compression of the cooling systems was compared using alternative refrigerants, including R22, R32, and R410a at different operating conditions. This study revealed that R22 refrigerant has a higher coefficient of performance than R32 and R410A, while R32 has the highest cooling capacity among other refrigerants.