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The protein menin is encoded by the MEN1 gene and primarily serves as a nuclear scaffold protein, regulating gene expression through its interaction with and regulation of chromatin modifiers and transcription factors. While the scope of menin's functions continues to expand, one area of growing investigation is the role of menin in cancer. Menin is increasingly recognized for its dual function as either a tumor suppressor or a tumor promoter in a highly tumor-dependent and context-specific manner. While menin serves as a suppressor of neuroendocrine tumor growth, as seen in the cancer risk syndrome multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome caused by pathogenic germline variants in MEN1, recent data demonstrate that menin also suppresses cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and melanoma. On the other hand, menin can also serve as a tumor promoter in leukemia, colorectal cancer, ovarian and endometrial cancers, Ewing sarcoma, and gliomas. Moreover, menin can either suppress or promote tumorigenesis in the breast and prostate depending on hormone receptor status and may also have mixed roles in hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we review the rapidly expanding literature on the role and function of menin across a broad array of different cancer types, outlining tumor-specific differences in menin's function and mechanism of action, as well as identifying its therapeutic potential and highlighting areas for future investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building on the predictions of state‐dependent life‐history theory, telomeres are hypothesized to either correlate with or function as an adaptive, proximate mediator of an individual's behaviour and life‐history strategy. To further understand the relationship between telomeres, behaviour and life‐history strategies, we measured male behaviour, telomere lengths and telomere dynamics in a free‐living population of known‐age, male wire‐tailed manakins Pipra filicauda.Male wire‐tailed manakins perform coordinated displays with other males at leks and these displays form the basis of long‐term coalition partnerships. Males exhibit consistent individual differences in the number of social partners within their social network and the frequency of social interactions. Male sociality is also positively correlated with both social rise and reproductive success.We measured male behaviour using a telemetry‐based, proximity datalogging system and blood telomere lengths were quantified using qPCR. We examined the relationships between telomere length, telomere dynamics, social status, and male behaviour. We also quantified the repeatability of telomere lengths, examined age‐related changes in telomere length, and tested for instances of telomere elongation that exceed residual error in telomere length.Telomere length was found to be highly repeatable. More social males exhibited shorter telomeres and higher rates of telomere attrition. Telomeres did not significantly vary with age within or between individuals in either of the male social classes. Two out of 25 individuals exhibited patterns telomere elongation that exceeded residual error in telomere measurements.Here we show that telomeres consistently vary between male wire‐tailed manakins and these differences are related to variation in male social behaviour. In this relatively long‐lived species, telomeres appear to be flexible traits that can increase or decrease in length. Overall, this study provides observational support for the hypothesis that telomeres act as a molecular marker that relates to behaviour in a state‐dependent manner. We also provide insight into the molecular consequences of individual variation in male social behaviour. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]