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1. Using in-situ strain measurements to evaluate the accuracy of stress estimation procedures from fracture injection/shut-in tests

Author

Guglielmi, Yves, McClure, Mark, Burghardt, Jeffrey, Morris, Joseph P, Doe, Thomas, Fu, Pengcheng, Knox, Hunter, Vermeul, Vince, Kneafsey, Tim, Team, The EGS Collab, Ajo-Franklin, J, Baumgartner, T, Beckers, K, Blankenship, D, Bonneville, A, Boyd, L, Brown, S, Burghardt, JA, Chai, C, Chakravarty, A, Chen, T, Chen, Y, Chi, B, Condon, K, Cook, PJ, Crandall, D, Dobson, PF, Doe, T, Doughty, CA, Elsworth, D, Feldman, J, Feng, Z, Foris, A, Frash, LP, Frone, Z, Fu, P, Gao, K, Ghassemi, A, Guglielmi, Y, Haimson, B, Hawkins, A, Heise, J, Hopp, C, Horn, M, Horne, RN, Horner, J, Hu, M, Huang, H, Huang, L, Im, KJ, Ingraham, M, Jafarov, E, Jayne, RS, Johnson, TC, Johnson, SE, Johnston, B, Karra, S, Kim, K, King, DK, Kneafsey, T, Knox, H, Knox, J, Kumar, D, Kutun, K, Lee, M, Li, D, Li, J, Li, K, Li, Z, Maceira, M, Mackey, P, Makedonska, N, Marone, CJ, Mattson, E, McClure, MW, McLennan, J, McLing, T, Medler, C, Mellors, RJ, Metcalfe, E, Miskimins, J, Moore, J, Morency, CE, Morris, JP, Myers, T, Nakagawa, S, Neupane, G, Newman, G, Nieto, A, Paronish, T, Pawar, R, Petrov, P, Pietzyk, B, Podgorney, R, Polsky, Y, Pope, J, Porse, S, Primo, JC, Pyatina, T, and Reimers, C

Subjects
Engineering, Resources Engineering and Extractive Metallurgy, Bioengineering, DFIT, Minifrac, SIMFIP, Collab, Civil Engineering, Mining & Metallurgy, Civil engineering, Resources engineering and extractive metallurgy
Abstract

Fracture injection/shut-in tests are commonly used to measure the state of stress in the subsurface. Injection creates a hydraulic fracture (or in some cases, opens a preexisting fracture), and then the pressure after shut-in is monitored to identify fracture closure. Different interpretation procedures have been proposed for estimating closure, and the procedures sometimes yield significantly different results. In this study, direct, in-situ strain measurements are used to observe fracture reopening and closure. The tests were performed as part of the EGS Collab project, a mesoscale project performed at 1.25 and 1.5 km depth at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. The tests were instrumented with the SIMFIP tool, a double-packer probe with a high-resolution three-dimensional borehole displacement sensor. The measurements provide a direct observation of the fracture closure signature, enabling a high-fidelity estimate of the fracture closure stress (ie, the normal stress on the fracture). In two of the four tests, injection created an opening mode fracture, and so the closure stress can be interpreted as the minimum principal stress. In the other two tests, injection probably opened preexisting natural fractures, and so the closure stress can be interpreted as the normal stress on the fractures. The strain measurements are compared against different proposed methods for estimating closure stress from pressure transients. The shut-in transients are analyzed with two techniques that are widely used in the field of petroleum engineering – the ‘tangent’ method and the ‘compliance’ method. In three of the four tests, the tangent method significantly underestimates the closure stress. The compliance method is reasonably accurate in all four tests. Closure stress is also interpreted using two other commonly-used methods – ‘first deviation from linearity’ and the method of (Hayashi and Haimson, 1991). In comparison with the SIMFIP data, these methods tend to overestimate the closure stress, evidently because they identify closure from early-time transient effects, such as near-wellbore tortuosity. In two of the tests, microseismic imaging provides an independent estimate of the size of the fracture created by injection. When combined with a simple mass balance calculation, the SIMFIP stress measurements yield predictions of fracture size that are reasonably consistent with the estimates from microseismic. The calculations imply an apparent fracture toughness 2-3x higher than typical laboratory-derived values.

Published
2023

2. The EGS Collab Project-Stimulations at Two Depths

Author

Kneafsey, TJ, Dobson, PF, Ulrich, C, Hopp, C, Rodríguez-Tribaldos, V, Guglielmi, Y, Blankenship, D, Schwering, PC, Ingraham, M, Burghardt, JA, White, MD, Johnson, TC, Strickland, C, Vermuel, V, Knox, HA, Morris, JP, Fu, P, Smith, M, Wu, H, Ajo-Franklin, JB, Huang, L, Neupane, G, Horne, R, Roggenthen, W, Weers, J, Doe, TW, Pyatina, T, Ajo-Franklin, J, Baumgartner, T, Beckers, K, Bonneville, A, Boyd, L, Brown, S, Chai, C, Chakravarty, A, Chen, T, Chen, Y, Chi, B, Condon, K, Cook, PJ, Crandall, D, Doe, T, Doughty, CA, Elsworth, D, Feldman, J, Feng, Z, Foris, A, Frash, LP, Frone, Z, Gao, K, Ghassemi, A, Haimson, B, Hawkins, A, Heise, J, Horn, M, Horne, RN, Horner, J, Hu, M, Huang, H, Im, KJ, Jafarov, E, Jayne, RS, Johnson, SE, Johnston, B, Karra, S, Kim, K, King, DK, Kneafsey, T, Knox, H, Knox, J, Kumar, D, Kutun, K, Lee, M, Li, D, Li, J, Li, K, Li, Z, Maceira, M, Mackey, P, Makedonska, N, Marone, CJ, Mattson, E, McClure, MW, McLennan, J, McLing, T, Medler, C, Mellors, RJ, Metcalfe, E, Miskimins, J, Moore, J, and Morency, CE

Abstract

The EGS Collab project, supported by the US Department of Energy, is performing intensively monitored rock stimulation and flow tests at the 10-m scale in an underground research laboratory to address challenges in implementing enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). Data and observations from the field tests are compared to simulations to understand processes and build confidence in numerical modeling of the processes. We have completed Experiment 1 (of 3), which examined hydraulic fracturing in a well-characterized underground fractured phyllite test bed at a depth of approximately 1.5 km at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota. Testbed characterization included fracture mapping, borehole acoustic and optical televiewers, full waveform sonic, conductivity, resistivity, temperature, campaign p- and s-wave investigations and electrical resistance tomography. Borehole geophysical techniques including passive seismic, continuous active source seismic monitoring, electrical resistance tomography, fiber-based distributed strain, distributed temperature, and distributed acoustic monitoring, were used to carefully monitor stimulation events and flow tests. More than a dozen stimulations and nearly one year of flow tests were performed. Quality data and detailed observations were collected and analyzed during stimulation and water flow tests using ambient temperature and chilled water. We achieved adaptive control of the tests using real-time monitoring and rapid dissemination of data and near-real-time simulation. More detailed numerical simulation was performed to answer key experimental design questions, forecast fracture propagation trajectories and extents, and analyze and evaluate results. Data are freely available from the Geothermal Data Repository. Experiment 2 examines the potential for hydraulic shearing in amphibolite at a depth of about 1.25 km at SURF. This site has a different set of stress and fracture conditions than Experiment 1. The Experiment 2 testbed consists of nine subhorizontal boreholes configured in two fans of two boreholes which surround the testbed and contain grouted-in electrical resistance tomography, seismic sensors, active seismic sources and distributed fiber sensors. A “five-spot” set of test wells that extends from a custom mined alcove includes an injection well and four production/monitoring wells. The testbed was characterized geophysically and hydrologically, and three stimulations have been performed using the Step-Rate Injection Method for Fracture In-Situ Properties (SIMFIP) tool to measure strains, and a new strain quantifying tool (downhole robotic strain analysis tool -DORSA) was deployed in a monitoring hole during stimulation. Real-time data were broadcast during stimulations to allow real-time response to arising issues.

Published
2022

3. The EGS Collab -Experiment 2 Stimulations at 1.25 km Depth

Author

Kneafsey, T, Blankenship, D, Burghardt, J, Johnson, T, Dobson, P, Schwering, PC, Strickland, C, Vermuel, V, White, M, Morris, JP, Fu, P, Ingraham, M, Roggenthen, W, Hopp, C, Tribaldos, VR, Guglielmi, Y, Knox, H, Cook, P, Soom, F, Doe, T, Ulrich, C, Ajo-Franklin, JB, Huang, L, Neupane, G, Pyatina, T, Weers, J, Baumgartner, T, Beckers, K, Bonneville, A, Boyd, L, Brown, S, Chai, C, Chakravarty, A, Chen, T, Chen, Y, Chi, B, Condon, K, Crandall, D, Doughty, CA, Elsworth, D, Feldman, J, Feng, Z, Foris, A, Frash, LP, Frone, Z, Gao, K, Ghassemi, A, Haimson, B, Hawkins, A, Heise, J, Horn, M, Horne, RN, Horner, J, Hu, M, Huang, H, Im, KJ, Jafarov, E, Jayne, RS, Johnson, SE, Johnston, B, Karra, S, Kim, K, King, DK, Knox, J, Kumar, D, Kutun, K, Lee, M, Li, D, Li, J, Li, K, Li, Z, Maceira, M, Mackey, P, Makedonska, N, Marone, CJ, Mattson, E, McClure, MW, McLennan, J, McLing, T, Medler, C, Mellors, RJ, Metcalfe, E, Miskimins, J, Moore, J, Morency, CE, Myers, T, Nakagawa, S, Newman, G, Nieto, A, Paronish, T, Pawar, R, Petrov, P, Pietzyk, B, Podgorney, R, Polsky, Y, Pope, J, Porse, S, Primo, JC, Reimers, C, and Roberts, BQ

Subjects
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Abstract

The EGS Collab project is performing well-monitored rock stimulation and flow tests at the 10-m scale in an underground research laboratory to inform challenges in implementing enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). This project, supported by the US Department of Energy, is gathering data and observations from the field tests and comparing these to simulation results to understand processes and to build confidence in numerical modeling of the processes. Experiment 1 (now complete) examined hydraulic fracturing in an underground test bed at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, at a depth of approximately 1.5 km in a well-characterized phyllite. Geophysical monitoring instrumentation in six of eight sub-horizontal boreholes monitored stimulation events and flow tests. The other two boreholes were used to perform and carefully measure water injection and production. More than a dozen stimulations and nearly one year of flow tests in the testbed were performed. Detailed observations of processes occurring during stimulation and dynamic flow tests were collected and analyzed. Flow tests using ambient-temperature and chilled water were performed with intermittent tracer tests to examine system behavior. We achieved adaptive control of the tests using close monitoring of rapidly disseminated data and near-real-time simulation. Numerical simulation was critical in answering key experimental design questions, forecasting fracture behavior, and analyzing results. We were successful in performing many simulations in near-real-time in conjunction with the field experiments, with more detailed simulations performed later. The primary objective of Experiment 2 is to examine hydraulic shearing of natural fractures at a depth of 1.25 km in amphibolite at SURF. The stresses, rock type, and fracture conditions are different than in Experiment 1. The testbed consists of 9 boreholes, in addition to two earlier-drilled characterization boreholes. One borehole is used for injection, two fans of 2 monitoring wells have several geophysical measurement tools grouted in, and four open boreholes surrounding the injection hole are adaptively used for production and monitoring. We have encountered approximately five fracture set orientations in the testbed, and designed our testbed accordingly to maximize the potential for shear stimulation. Three stimulations have been performed to date from the injection borehole, each intersecting at least one production borehole. Different methods have been used for each stimulation, including a ramped flow, a high flow rate, and oscillating pressure.

Published
2022

4. Using in-situ strain measurements to evaluate the accuracy of stress estimation procedures from fracture injection/shut-in tests

Author

Ajo-Franklin, J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S., Burghardt, J.A., Chai, C., Chakravarty, A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Chi, B., Condon, K., Cook, P.J., Crandall, D., Dobson, P.F., Doe, T., Doughty, C.A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Feng, Z., Foris, A., Frash, L.P., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Guglielmi, Y., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Hopp, C., Horn, M., Horne, R.N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K.J., Ingraham, M., Jafarov, E., Jayne, R.S., Johnson, T.C., Johnson, S.E., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D.K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, D., Li, J., Li, K., Li, Z., Maceira, M., Mackey, P., Makedonska, N., Marone, C.J., Mattson, E., McClure, M.W., McLennan, J., McLing, T., Medler, C., Mellors, R.J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Moore, J., Morency, C.E., Morris, J.P., Myers, T., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Paronish, T., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Pope, J., Porse, S., Primo, J.C., Pyatina, T., Reimers, C., Roberts, B.Q., Robertson, M., Rodríguez-Tribaldos, V., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Sherman, C.S., Singh, A., Smith, M.M., Sone, H., Sonnenthal, E.L., Soom, F.A., Sprinkle, D.P., Sprinkle, S., Strickland, C.E., Su, J., Templeton, D., Thomle, J.N., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C.A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V.R., Wagoner, J.L., Wang, H.F., Weers, J., Welch, N., White, J., White, M.D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Workman, S., Wu, H., Wu, Y.S., Yildirim, E.C., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y.Q., Zhou, Q., Zoback, M.D., Guglielmi, Yves, McClure, Mark, Burghardt, Jeffrey, Morris, Joseph P., Doe, Thomas, Fu, Pengcheng, Knox, Hunter, Vermeul, Vince, and Kneafsey, Tim

Published
2023
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5. The EGS Collab project: Status and Accomplishments

Author

Kneafsey, T, Blankenship, D, Dobson, P, White, M, Morris, JP, Fu, P, Schwering, PC, Ajo-Franklin, JB, Huang, L, Knox, HA, Strickland, C, Burghardt, J, Johnson, T, Neupane, G, Weers, J, Horne, R, Roggenthen, W, Doe, T, Mattson, E, Ajo-Franklin, J, Baumgartner, T, Beckers, K, Bonneville, A, Boyd, L, Brown, S, Burghardt, JA, Chai, C, Chakravarty, A, Chen, T, Chen, Y, Chi, B, Condon, K, Cook, PJ, Crandall, D, Doughty, CA, Elsworth, D, Feldman, J, Feng, Z, Foris, A, Frash, LP, Frone, Z, Gao, K, Ghassemi, A, Guglielmi, Y, Haimson, B, Hawkins, A, Heise, J, Hopp, C, Horn, M, Horne, RN, Horner, J, Hu, M, Huang, H, Im, KJ, Ingraham, M, Jafarov, E, Jayne, RS, Johnson, TC, Johnson, SE, Johnston, B, Karra, S, Kim, K, King, DK, Knox, H, Knox, J, Kumar, D, Kutun, K, Lee, M, Li, D, Li, J, Li, K, Li, Z, MacEira, M, MacKey, P, Makedonska, N, Marone, CJ, McClure, MW, McLennan, J, McLing, T, Medler, C, Mellors, RJ, Metcalfe, E, Miskimins, J, Moore, J, Morency, CE, Myers, T, Nakagawa, S, Newman, G, Nieto, A, Paronish, T, and Pawar, R

Subjects
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Abstract

The EGS Collab project, supported by the US Department of Energy, is addressing challenges in implementing enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). This includes improving understanding of the stimulation of crystalline rock to create appropriate flow pathways, and the ability to effectively simulate both the stimulation and the flow and transport processes in the resulting fracture network. The project is performing intensively monitored rock stimulation and flow tests at the 10-m scale in an underground research laboratory. Data and observations from the field test are compared to simulations to understand processes and to build confidence in numerical modeling of the processes. In Experiment 1, we examined hydraulic fracturing an underground test bed at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, at a depth of approximately 1.5 km. We drilled eight sub-horizontal boreholes in a well-characterized phyllite. Six of the boreholes were instrumented with many sensor types to allow careful monitoring of stimulation events and flow tests, and the other two boreholes were used for water injection and production. We performed a number of stimulations and flow tests in the testbed. Our monitoring systems allowed detailed observations and collection of numerous data sets of processes occurring during stimulation and during dynamic flow tests. Long-term ambient temperature and chilled water flow tests were performed in addition to many tracer tests to examine system behavior. Data were rapidly analyzed, allowing adaptive control of the tests. Numerical simulation was used to answer key experimental design questions, to forecast fracture propagation trajectories and extents, and to analyze and evaluate results. Many simulations were performed in near-real-time in conjunction with the field experiments, with more detailed process study simulations performed on a longer timeframe. Experiment 2 will examine hydraulic shearing in a test bed being built at the SURF at a depth of about 1.25 km in amphibolite under a different set of stress and fracture conditions than Experiment 1. Five sets of fracture orientations were considered in design, and three orientations seem to be consistently observed.

Published
2021

6. Creation of a Mixed-Mode Fracture Network at Mesoscale Through Hydraulic Fracturing and Shear Stimulation

Author

Schoenball, M, Ajo-Franklin, JB, Blankenship, D, Chai, C, Chakravarty, A, Dobson, P, Hopp, C, Kneafsey, T, Knox, HA, Maceira, M, Robertson, MC, Sprinkle, P, Strickland, C, Templeton, D, Schwering, PC, Ulrich, C, Wood, T, Ajo-Franklin, J, Baumgartner, T, Beckers, K, Bonneville, A, Boyd, L, Brown, S, Burghardt, JA, Chen, T, Chen, Y, Chi, B, Condon, K, Cook, PJ, Crandall, D, Dobson, PF, Doe, T, Doughty, CA, Elsworth, D, Feldman, J, Feng, Z, Foris, A, Frash, LP, Frone, Z, Fu, P, Gao, K, Ghassemi, A, Guglielmi, Y, Haimson, B, Hawkins, A, Heise, J, Horn, M, Horne, RN, Horner, J, Hu, M, Huang, H, Huang, L, Im, KJ, Ingraham, M, Jafarov, E, Jayne, RS, Johnson, TC, Johnson, SE, Johnston, B, Karra, S, Kim, K, King, DK, Knox, H, Knox, J, Kumar, D, Kutun, K, Lee, M, Li, K, Li, Z, Mackey, P, Makedonska, N, Marone, CJ, Mattson, E, McClure, MW, McLennan, J, McLing, T, Medler, C, Mellors, RJ, Metcalfe, E, Miskimins, J, Moore, J, Morency, CE, Morris, JP, Myers, T, Nakagawa, S, Neupane, G, Newman, G, Nieto, A, Paronish, T, Pawar, R, Petrov, P, Pietzyk, B, Podgorney, R, and Polsky, Y

Subjects
induced seismicity, enhanced geothermal systems, mesoscale, Geochemistry, Geology, Geophysics
Abstract

Enhanced Geothermal Systems could provide a substantial contribution to the global energy demand if their implementation could overcome inherent challenges. Examples are insufficient created permeability, early thermal breakthrough, and unacceptable induced seismicity. Here we report on the seismic response of a mesoscale hydraulic fracturing experiment performed at 1.5-km depth at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. We have measured the seismic activity by utilizing a 100-kHz, continuous seismic monitoring system deployed in six 60-m length monitoring boreholes surrounding the experimental domain in 3-D. The achieved location uncertainty was on the order of 1 m and limited by the signal-to-noise ratio of detected events. These uncertainties were corroborated by detections of fracture intersections at the monitoring boreholes. Three intervals of the dedicated injection borehole were hydraulically stimulated by water injection at pressures up to 33 MPa and flow rates up to 5 L/min. We located 1,933 seismic events during several injection periods. The recorded seismicity delineates a complex fracture network comprised of multistrand hydraulic fractures and shear-reactivated, preexisting planes of weakness that grew unilaterally from the point of initiation. We find that heterogeneity of stress dictates the seismic outcome of hydraulic stimulations, even when relying on theoretically well-behaved hydraulic fractures. Once hydraulic fractures intersected boreholes, the boreholes acted as a pressure relief and fracture propagation ceased. In order to create an efficient subsurface heat exchanger, production boreholes should not be drilled before the end of hydraulic stimulations.

Published
2020

7. Low Static Shear Modulus Along Foliation and Its Influence on the Elastic and Strength Anisotropy of Poorman Schist Rocks, Homestake Mine, South Dakota

Author

Condon, KJ, Sone, H, Wang, HF, Ajo-Franklin, J, Baumgartner, T, Beckers, K, Blankenship, D, Bonneville, A, Boyd, L, Brown, S, Burghardt, JA, Chai, C, Chen, Y, Chi, B, Condon, K, Cook, PJ, Crandall, D, Dobson, PF, Doe, T, Doughty, CA, Elsworth, D, Feldman, J, Feng, Z, Foris, A, Frash, LP, Frone, Z, Fu, P, Gao, K, Ghassemi, A, Guglielmi, Y, Haimson, B, Hawkins, A, Heise, J, Hopp, C, Horn, M, Horne, RN, Horner, J, Hu, M, Huang, H, Huang, L, Im, KJ, Ingraham, M, Jafarov, E, Jayne, RS, Johnson, SE, Johnson, TC, Johnston, B, Kim, K, King, DK, Kneafsey, T, Knox, H, Knox, J, Kumar, D, Lee, M, Li, K, Li, Z, Maceira, M, Mackey, P, Makedonska, N, Mattson, E, McClure, MW, McLennan, J, Medler, C, Mellors, RJ, Metcalfe, E, Moore, J, Morency, CE, Morris, JP, Myers, T, Nakagawa, S, Neupane, G, Newman, G, Nieto, A, Oldenburg, CM, Paronish, T, Pawar, R, Petrov, P, Pietzyk, B, Podgorney, R, Polsky, Y, Pope, J, Porse, S, Primo, JC, Reimers, C, Roberts, BQ, Robertson, M, Roggenthen, W, Rutqvist, J, Rynders, D, Schoenball, M, Schwering, P, Sesetty, V, Sherman, CS, Singh, A, Smith, MM, Sonnenthal, EL, Soom, FA, Sprinkle, P, and Strickland, CE

Subjects
Anisotropy, Schist, Young's modulus, EGS Collab, Geological & Geomatics Engineering, Civil Engineering, Resources Engineering and Extractive Metallurgy
Abstract

We investigate the influence of foliation orientation and fine-scale folding on the static and dynamic elastic properties and unconfined strength of the Poorman schist. Measurements from triaxial and uniaxial laboratory experiments reveal a significant amount of variability in the static and dynamic Young’s modulus depending on the sample orientation relative to the foliation plane. Dynamic P-wave modulus and S-wave modulus are stiffer in the direction parallel to the foliation plane as expected for transversely isotropic mediums with average Thomsen parameters values 0.133 and 0.119 for epsilon and gamma, respectively. Static Young’s modulus varies significantly between 21 and 117 GPa, and a peculiar trend is observed where some foliated sample groups show an anomalous decrease in the static Young’s modulus when the symmetry axis (x3-axis) is oriented obliquely to the direction of loading. Utilizing stress and strain relationships for transversely isotropic medium, we derive the analytical expression for Young’s modulus as a function of the elastic moduli E1, E3, ν31, and G13 and sample orientation to fit the static Young’s modulus measurements. Regression of the equation to the Young’s modulus data reveals that the decrease in static Young’s modulus at oblique symmetry axis orientations is directly influenced by a low shear modulus, G13, which we attribute to shear sliding along foliation planes during static deformation that occurs as soon as the foliation is subject to shear stress. We argue that such difference between dynamic and static anisotropy is a characteristic of near-zero porosity anisotropic rocks. The uniaxial compressive strength also shows significant variability ranging from 21.9 to 194.6 MPa across the five sample locations and is the lowest when the symmetry axis is oriented 45° or 60° from the direction of loading, also a result of shear sliding along foliation planes during static deformation.

Published
2020

8. Optimal design of 3D borehole seismic arrays for microearthquake monitoring in anisotropic media during stimulations in the EGS collab project

Author

Chen, Yu, Huang, Lianjie, Ajo-Franklin, J, Bauer, SJ, Baumgartner, T, Beckers, K, Blankenship, D, Bonneville, A, Boyd, L, Brown, ST, Burghardt, JA, Chen, T, Chen, Y, Condon, K, Cook, PJ, Dobson, PF, Doe, T, Doughty, CA, Elsworth, D, Feldman, J, Foris, A, Frash, LP, Frone, Z, Fu, P, Gao, K, Ghassemi, A, Gudmundsdottir, H, Guglielmi, Y, Guthrie, G, Haimson, B, Hawkins, A, Heise, J, Herrick, CG, Horn, M, Horne, RN, Horner, J, Hu, M, Huang, H, Huang, L, Im, K, Ingraham, M, Johnson, TC, Johnston, B, Karra, S, Kim, K, King, DK, Kneafsey, T, Knox, H, Knox, J, Kumar, D, Kutun, K, Lee, M, Li, K, Lopez, R, Maceira, M, Makedonska, N, Marone, C, Mattson, E, McClure, MW, McLennan, J, McLing, T, Mellors, RJ, Metcalfe, E, Miskimins, J, Morris, JP, Nakagawa, S, Neupane, G, Newman, G, Nieto, A, Oldenburg, CM, Pan, W, Pawar, R, Petrov, P, Pietzyk, B, Podgorney, R, Polsky, Y, Porse, S, Richard, S, Roberts, BQ, Robertson, M, Roggenthen, W, Rutqvist, J, Rynders, D, Santos-Villalobos, H, Schoenball, M, Schwering, P, Sesetty, V, Singh, A, Smith, MM, Sone, H, Strickland, CE, Su, J, Ulrich, C, Uzunlar, N, Vachaparampil, A, Valladao, CA, Vandermeer, W, Vandine, G, Vardiman, D, and Vermeul, VR

Subjects
Anisotropic media, Borehole monitoring, Enhanced geothermal systems, Focal mechanism, Hypocenter location, Microearthquake, Optimal design, Geochemistry & Geophysics, Geology, Geophysics, Resources Engineering and Extractive Metallurgy
Published
2019

9. EGS Collab project: Status, tests, and data

Author

Kneafsey, TJ, Dobson, PF, Ajo-Franklin, JB, Guglielmi, Y, Valladao, CA, Blankenship, DA, Schwering, PC, Knox, HA, White, MD, Johnson, TC, Strickland, CE, Vermuel, VR, Morris, JP, Fu, P, Mattson, E, Neupane, GH, Podgorney, RK, Doe, TW, Huang, L, Frash, LP, Ghassemi, A, Roggenthen, W, Bauer, SJ, Baumgartner, T, Beckers, K, Blankenship, D, Bonneville, A, Boyd, L, Brown, S, Brown, ST, Burghardt, JA, Chen, T, Chen, Y, Condon, K, Cook, PJ, Crandall, D, Doe, T, Doughty, CA, Elsworth, D, Feldman, J, Foris, A, Frone, Z, Gao, K, Gudmundsdottir, H, Guthrie, G, Haimson, B, Hawkins, A, Heise, J, Horn, M, Horne, RN, Horner, J, Hu, M, Huang, H, Im, KJ, Ingraham, M, Jayne, RS, Johnston, B, Karra, S, Kim, K, King, DK, Knox, H, Knox, J, Kumar, D, Kutun, K, Lee, M, Li, K, Lopez, R, Maceira, M, Mackey, P, Makedonska, N, Marone, CJ, McClure, MW, McLennan, J, McLing, T, Medler, C, Mellors, RJ, Metcalfe, E, Miskimins, J, Moore, J, Nakagawa, S, Neupane, G, Newman, G, Nieto, A, Oldenburg, CM, Pan, W, Paronish, T, Pawar, R, Petrov, P, and Pietzyk, B

Abstract

Copyright 2019 ARMA, American Rock Mechanics Association. The EGS (Enhanced Geothermal Systems) Collab project is performing stimulation and flow experiments in highly-monitored and well-characterized intermediate-scale (approximately10 to 20 meter) field test beds at a depth of approximately 1,500 meters in the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Our fracture stimulation and interwell flow tests are performed to better understand processes that control formation of effective subsurface heat exchangers that are critical to the development and success of EGS. Different EGS Collab stimulations will be performed under dissimilar stress conditions to produce data for model comparisons that better differentiate stimulation mechanisms and the evolution of permeability enhancement in crystalline rock. EGS Collab experiments provide a means of testing tools, concepts, and strategies that could later be employed under geothermal reservoir conditions at DOE’s Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) and other enhanced geothermal systems. Key to the project is using numerical simulations in the experiment design and interpretation of

Published
2019

10. Sequential geophysical and flow inversion to characterize fracture networks in subsurface systems

Author

Mudunuru, M. K., Karra, S., Makedonska, N., and Chen, T.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Physics - Computational Physics, Physics - Geophysics, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Subsurface applications including geothermal, geological carbon sequestration, oil and gas, etc., typically involve maximizing either the extraction of energy or the storage of fluids. Characterizing the subsurface is extremely complex due to heterogeneity and anisotropy. Due to this complexity, there are uncertainties in the subsurface parameters, which need to be estimated from multiple diverse as well as fragmented data streams. In this paper, we present a non-intrusive sequential inversion framework, for integrating data from geophysical and flow sources to constraint subsurface Discrete Fracture Networks (DFN). In this approach, we first estimate bounds on the statistics for the DFN fracture orientations using microseismic data. These bounds are estimated through a combination of a focal mechanism (physics-based approach) and clustering analysis (statistical approach) of seismic data. Then, the fracture lengths are constrained based on the flow data. The efficacy of this multi-physics based sequential inversion is demonstrated through a representative synthetic example., Comment: 32 pages, 14 figures

Published
2016
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12. Using in-situ strain measurements to evaluate the accuracy of stress estimation procedures from fracture injection/shut-in tests

Author

Guglielmi, Yves, primary, McClure, Mark, additional, Burghardt, Jeffrey, additional, Morris, Joseph P., additional, Doe, Thomas, additional, Fu, Pengcheng, additional, Knox, Hunter, additional, Vermeul, Vince, additional, Kneafsey, Tim, additional, Ajo-Franklin, J., additional, Baumgartner, T., additional, Beckers, K., additional, Blankenship, D., additional, Bonneville, A., additional, Boyd, L., additional, Brown, S., additional, Burghardt, J.A., additional, Chai, C., additional, Chakravarty, A., additional, Chen, T., additional, Chen, Y., additional, Chi, B., additional, Condon, K., additional, Cook, P.J., additional, Crandall, D., additional, Dobson, P.F., additional, Doe, T., additional, Doughty, C.A., additional, Elsworth, D., additional, Feldman, J., additional, Feng, Z., additional, Foris, A., additional, Frash, L.P., additional, Frone, Z., additional, Fu, P., additional, Gao, K., additional, Ghassemi, A., additional, Guglielmi, Y., additional, Haimson, B., additional, Hawkins, A., additional, Heise, J., additional, Hopp, C., additional, Horn, M., additional, Horne, R.N., additional, Horner, J., additional, Hu, M., additional, Huang, H., additional, Huang, L., additional, Im, K.J., additional, Ingraham, M., additional, Jafarov, E., additional, Jayne, R.S., additional, Johnson, T.C., additional, Johnson, S.E., additional, Johnston, B., additional, Karra, S., additional, Kim, K., additional, King, D.K., additional, Kneafsey, T., additional, Knox, H., additional, Knox, J., additional, Kumar, D., additional, Kutun, K., additional, Lee, M., additional, Li, D., additional, Li, J., additional, Li, K., additional, Li, Z., additional, Maceira, M., additional, Mackey, P., additional, Makedonska, N., additional, Marone, C.J., additional, Mattson, E., additional, McClure, M.W., additional, McLennan, J., additional, McLing, T., additional, Medler, C., additional, Mellors, R.J., additional, Metcalfe, E., additional, Miskimins, J., additional, Moore, J., additional, Morency, C.E., additional, Morris, J.P., additional, Myers, T., additional, Nakagawa, S., additional, Neupane, G., additional, Newman, G., additional, Nieto, A., additional, Paronish, T., additional, Pawar, R., additional, Petrov, P., additional, Pietzyk, B., additional, Podgorney, R., additional, Polsky, Y., additional, Pope, J., additional, Porse, S., additional, Primo, J.C., additional, Pyatina, T., additional, Reimers, C., additional, Roberts, B.Q., additional, Robertson, M., additional, Rodríguez-Tribaldos, V., additional, Roggenthen, W., additional, Rutqvist, J., additional, Rynders, D., additional, Schoenball, M., additional, Schwering, P., additional, Sesetty, V., additional, Sherman, C.S., additional, Singh, A., additional, Smith, M.M., additional, Sone, H., additional, Sonnenthal, E.L., additional, Soom, F.A., additional, Sprinkle, D.P., additional, Sprinkle, S., additional, Strickland, C.E., additional, Su, J., additional, Templeton, D., additional, Thomle, J.N., additional, Ulrich, C., additional, Uzunlar, N., additional, Vachaparampil, A., additional, Valladao, C.A., additional, Vandermeer, W., additional, Vandine, G., additional, Vardiman, D., additional, Vermeul, V.R., additional, Wagoner, J.L., additional, Wang, H.F., additional, Weers, J., additional, Welch, N., additional, White, J., additional, White, M.D., additional, Winterfeld, P., additional, Wood, T., additional, Workman, S., additional, Wu, H., additional, Wu, Y.S., additional, Yildirim, E.C., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, Zhang, Y.Q., additional, Zhou, Q., additional, and Zoback, M.D., additional

Published
2023
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14. FracMan / dfnWorks: Translating Geological Fracture Characterizations for Massively Parallel Subsurface Flow and Transport Simulations

Author

Gable, C. W., additional, Hyman, J. D., additional, Karra, S., additional, Livingston, D. R., additional, Makedonska, N., additional, Miller, T. A., additional, Sweeney, M. R., additional, Viswanathan, H. S., additional, Cottrell, M., additional, Hartley, L., additional, Libby, S., additional, Mosley, K., additional, and Josephson., N., additional

Published
2022
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18. Used Fuel Disposition in Crystalline Rocks: FY16 Progress Report

Author

Wang, Y., primary, Hadgu, Teklu, additional, Kalinina, Elena Arkadievna, additional, Jerden, James L., additional, Copple, Jacqueline M., additional, Cruse, T., additional, Ebert, W., additional, Buck, E., additional, Eittman, R., additional, Tinnacher, R., additional, Tournassat, Christophe, additional, Davis, J., additional, Viswanathan, H., additional, Chu, S., additional, Dittrich, T., additional, Hyman, F., additional, Karra, S., additional, Makedonska, N., additional, Reimus, P., additional, Zavarin, Mavrik, additional, and Joseph, C., additional

Published
2016
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19. Used fuel disposition in crystalline rocks

Author

Wang, Y., primary, Hadgu, Teklu, additional, Kalinina, Elena Arkadievna, additional, Jerden, James L., additional, Copple, Jacqueline M., additional, Cruse, T., additional, Ebert, W., additional, Buck, E., additional, Eittman, R., additional, Tinnacher, R., additional, Tournassat, Christophe., additional, Davis, J., additional, Viswanathan, H., additional, Chu, S., additional, Dittrich, T., additional, Hyman, F., additional, Karra, S., additional, Makedonska, N., additional, Reimus, P., additional, Zavarin, Mavrik, additional, and Joseph, C., additional

Published
2016
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25. Where Does Water Go During Hydraulic Fracturing?

Author

O'Malley, D., Karra, S., Currier, R. P., Makedonska, N., Hyman, J. D., and Viswanathan, H. S.

Subjects
HYDRAULIC fracturing, WATER pressure, WATER quality, GROUNDWATER, HYDRAULICS
Abstract

During hydraulic fracturing millions of gallons of water are typically injected at high pressure into deep shale formations. This water can be housed in fractures, within the shale matrix, and can potentially migrate beyond the shale formation via fractures and/or faults raising environmental concerns. We describe a generic framework for producing estimates of the volume available in fractures and undamaged shale matrix where water injected into a representative shale site could reside during hydraulic fracturing, and apply it to a representative site that incorporates available field data. The amount of water that can be stored in the fractures is estimated by calculating the volume of all the fractures associated with a discrete fracture network ( DFN) based on real data and using probability theory to estimate the volume of smaller fractures that are below the lower cutoff for the fracture radius in the DFN. The amount of water stored in the matrix is estimated utilizing two distinct methods-one using a two-phase model at the pore-scale and the other using a single-phase model at the continuum scale. Based on these calculations, it appears that most of the water resides in the matrix with a lesser amount in the fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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30. X-ray study of Nd[sub 0.5]Sr[sub 0.5]MnO[sub 3] manganite structure above and below the ferromagnetic metal–antiferromagnetic insulator spontaneous phase transition.

Author

Eremenko, V., Gnatchenko, S., Makedonska, N., Shabakayeva, Yu., Shvedun, M., Sirenko, V., Fink-Finowicki, J., Kamenev, K. V., Balakrishnan, G., and Paul, D. Mck

Subjects
MANGANITE, CRYSTALS
Abstract

The crystal structure of the manganite Nd[sub 0.5]Sr[sub 0.5]MnO[sub 3] is studied at temperature T=300 and 77.3 K by means of an x-ray diffractometer. It is shown that the transition from the ferromagnetic metallic state to the antiferromagnetic insulating charge-ordered state is accompanied by a lowering of the symmetry of the structure from orthorhombic to monoclinic. The space-group symmetry of the orthorhombic and monoclinic phases is identified as Imma and P2[sub 1]/m, respectively. Twinning of the crystal and the formation of a twin domain structure with coherent boundaries in the (00l) crystallographic planes are found. © 2001 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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31. Design of a long term hydraulic fracture and flow system

Author

Ingraham, M. D., King, D. K., Knox, H. A., Strickland, C. E., Vermeul, V. R., Guglielmi, Y., Cook, P., Doe, T., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Dobson, P. F., Doughty, C. A., Derek Elsworth, Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

32. Geomechanical evaluation of natural shear fractures in the EGS Collab experiment 1 test bed

Author

Frash, L. P., Welch, N. J., Carey, J. W., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Satish Karra, Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

33. Numerical modeling of seismic and displacement-based monitoring for the EGS Collab project

Author

Huang, L., Chen, Y., Gao, K., Fu, P., Morris, J., Ajo-Franklin, J., Nakagawa, S., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Carroll, S. A., Chen, T., Condon, C., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Hu, M., Huang, H., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Satish Karra, Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Kumar, D., Lee, M., Li, K., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Roggenthen, B., Rutqvist, J., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Snyder, N., Sone, H., Sonnenthal, E. L., Spycher, N., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Suzuki, A., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

34. Efforts and innovations to promote data sharing and data accessibility in the EGS collab experiments

Author

Fu, P., Weers, J., White, M., Knox, H., Schwering, P., Morris, J., Blankenship, D., Kneafsey, T., Egs Collab Teama, Ajo-Franklin, J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S., Burghardt, J. A., Chai, C., Chakravarty, A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Chi, B., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Crandall, D., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Feng, Z., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Guglielmi, Y., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Hopp, C., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K. J., Ingraham, M., Jafarov, E., Jayne, R. S., Johnson, T. C., Johnson, S. E., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, D., Li, J., Li, K., Li, Z., Maceira, M., Mackey, P., Makedonska, N., Marone, C. J., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., John McLennan, Mcling, T., Medler, C., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Moore, J., Morency, C. E., Morris, J. P., Myers, T., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Paronish, T., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Pope, J., Porse, S., Primo, J. C., Reimers, C., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Rodriguez-Tribaldos, V., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Schoenball, M., Sesetty, V., Sherman, C. S., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Sonnenthal, E. L., Soom, F. A., Sprinkle, D. P., Sprinkle, S., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Templeton, D., Thomle, J. N., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Welch, N., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Workman, S., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Yildirim, E. C., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

35. The distribution, orientation, and characteristics of natural fractures for experiment 1 of the EGS collab project, Sanford underground research facility

Author

Ulrich, C., Dobson, P. F., Kneafsey, T. J., Roggenthen, W. M., Uzunlar, N., Doe, T. W., Neupane, G., Podgorney, R., Schwering, P., Frash, L., Singh, A., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Joseph Morris, Nakagawa, S., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Sesetty, V., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

36. Co-evolution of fracture permeability and friction in rocks from the egs collab experiment 1 site

Author

Yildirim, E. C., Im, K., Derek Elsworth, Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

37. EGS Collab project: Status, tests, and data

Author

Kneafsey, T. J., Dobson, P. F., Ajo-Franklin, J. B., Guglielmi, Y., Valladao, C. A., Blankenship, D. A., Schwering, P. C., Knox, H. A., White, M. D., Johnson, T. C., Strickland, C. E., Vermuel, V. R., Morris, J. P., Fu, P., Mattson, E., Neupane, G. H., Podgorney, R. K., Doe, T. W., Huang, L., Frash, L. P., Ghassemi, A., Roggenthen, W., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Crandall, D., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frone, Z., Gao, K., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Im, K. J., Ingraham, M., Jayne, R. S., Johnston, B., Satish Karra, Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Mackey, P., Makedonska, N., Marone, C. J., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Medler, C., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Moore, J., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Paronish, T., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Popejoy, J., Porse, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Sherman, C. S., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Soom, F. A., Su, J., Templeton, D., Thomle, J. N., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Workman, S., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Yildirim, E. C., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

38. The EGS collab project: Stimulation and simulation

Author

Kneafsey, T. J., Dobson, P. F., Ajo-Franklin, J. B., Valladao, C., Blankenship, D. A., Knox, H. A., Schwering, P., Morris, J. P., Smith, M., White, M. D., Johnson, T., Podgorney, R., Mattson, E., Neupane, G., Roggenthen, W., Doe, T., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Pengcheng Fu, Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Nakagawa, S., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Thomle, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Yildirim, E., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

39. The role of numerical simulation in the design of stimulation and circulation experiments for the EGS Collab project

Author

White, M., Fu, P., Huang, H., Ghassemi, A., Kneafsey, T., Blankenship, D., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Carroll, S. A., Chen, T., Condon, C., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Hu, M., Huang, L., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Knox, H., Kumar, D., Lee, M., Li, K., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., John McLennan, Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Roggenthen, B., Rutqvist, J., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Snyder, N., Sone, H., Sonnenthal, E. L., Spycher, N., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Suzuki, A., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

40. Laboratory validation of fracture caging for hydraulic fracture control

Author

Frash, L. P., Arora, K., Gan, Y., Lu, M., Gutierrez, M., Fu, P., Morris, J., Hampton, J., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Derek Elsworth, Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frone, Z., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

41. The EGS collab hydrofracture experiment at the Sanford underground research facility - Campaign cross-borehole seismic characterization

Author

Schwering, P. C., Knox, H. A., Hoots, C. R., Linneman, D., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D. A., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T. W., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T. J., Knox, J. M., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E. D., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Joseph Morris, Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R. K., Polsky, Y., Popejoy, J., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W. M., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Soom, F. A., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Thomle, J. N., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J. A., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Yildirim, E. C., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M.

42. EGS Collab project experiment 1 overview and progress

Author

Kneafsey, T. J., Blankenship, D., Dobson, P. F., Knox, H. A., Johnson, T. C., Ajo-Franklin, J. B., Schwering, P. C., Morris, J. P., White, M. D., Podgorney, R., Roggenthen, W., Doe, T., Mattson, E., Valladao, C., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Doughty, C. A., Derek Elsworth, Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Soom, F., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Thomle, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Yildirim, E., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

43. Natural fractures and their relationship to the EGS Collab Project in the underground of the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF)

Author

Roggenthen, W. M., Doe, T. W., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Halldora Gudmundsdottir, Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

44. Hydraulic fracture modeling in support of EGS collab treatment designs

Author

Kutun, K., Miskimins, J. L., Beckers, K. F., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Pengcheng Fu, Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

45. Design and fabrication of a remote-control hydraulic fracturing system

Author

Ingraham, M., Strickland, C., Vermeul, V., Roberts, B., Burghardt, J., Schwering, P., Knox, H., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Halldora Gudmundsdottir, Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

46. Fracture tracer injection response to pressure perturbations at an injection well

Author

Mattson, E., Neupane, G., Hawkins, A., Burghardt, J., Ingraham, M., Plummer, M., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Satish Karra, Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

47. Analysis of pressure/flow response data from the EGS Collab Project

Author

Ingraham, M. D., Knox, H. A., Strickland, C. E., Vermeul, V. R., Burghardt, J. A., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Halldora Gudmundsdottir, Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Karra, S., Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

48. Experimental design for hydrofracturing and fluid flow at the DOE EGS collab testbed

Author

Morris, J. P., Fu, P., Dobson, P., Ajo-Franklin, J., Kneafsey, T. J., Knox, H., Blankenship, D., White, M. D., Burghardt, J., Doe, T. W., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Satish Karra, Kim, K., King, D. K., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

49. Toward real-time microearthquake event detection and location in anisotropic media using a multiscale approach for EGS collab experiments

Author

Chen, Y., Huang, L., Ajo-Franklin, J., Kneafsey, T. J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Fu, P., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Satish Karra, Kim, K., King, D. K., Kneafsey, T., Knox, H., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Popejoy, J., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Schwering, P., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Soom, F. A., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Thomle, J. N., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Yildirim, E. C., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

50. Integrated research & development for advancing EGS commercialization - Tipping the scales

Author

Strickland, C., Burghardt, J., Knox, H., Fu, P., Schwering, P., Johnson, T., Kneafsey, T., Ajo-Franklin, J., Bauer, S. J., Baumgartner, T., Beckers, K., Blankenship, D., Bonneville, A., Boyd, L., Brown, S. T., Burghardt, J. A., Chen, T., Chen, Y., Condon, K., Cook, P. J., Dobson, P. F., Doe, T., Doughty, C. A., Elsworth, D., Feldman, J., Foris, A., Frash, L. P., Frone, Z., Gao, K., Ghassemi, A., Gudmundsdottir, H., Guglielmi, Y., Guthrie, G., Haimson, B., Hawkins, A., Heise, J., Herrick, C. G., Horn, M., Horne, R. N., Horner, J., Hu, M., Huang, H., Huang, L., Im, K., Ingraham, M., Johnson, T. C., Johnston, B., Satish Karra, Kim, K., King, D. K., Knox, J., Kumar, D., Kutun, K., Lee, M., Li, K., Lopez, R., Maceira, M., Makedonska, N., Marone, C., Mattson, E., Mcclure, M. W., Mclennan, J., Mcling, T., Mellors, R. J., Metcalfe, E., Miskimins, J., Morris, J. P., Nakagawa, S., Neupane, G., Newman, G., Nieto, A., Oldenburg, C. M., Pan, W., Pawar, R., Petrov, P., Pietzyk, B., Podgorney, R., Polsky, Y., Porse, S., Richard, S., Roberts, B. Q., Robertson, M., Roggenthen, W., Rutqvist, J., Rynders, D., Santos-Villalobos, H., Schoenball, M., Sesetty, V., Singh, A., Smith, M. M., Sone, H., Strickland, C. E., Su, J., Ulrich, C., Uzunlar, N., Vachaparampil, A., Valladao, C. A., Vandermeer, W., Vandine, G., Vardiman, D., Vermeul, V. R., Wagoner, J. L., Wang, H. F., Weers, J., White, J., White, M. D., Winterfeld, P., Wood, T., Wu, H., Wu, Y. S., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q., and Zoback, M. D.

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