Search

Objective: To determine the frequency of malaria by polymerase chain reaction in malarial parasite negative samples on microscopy. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Haematology department of Pakistan Naval Ship, Shifa Hospital, from Jan 2018 to Oct 2018. Methodology: This study involved 150 adults of both genders with suspicion of malaria but negative malarial parasite on microscopy. Polymerase chain reaction was performed on blood samples from selected patients as per protocol. Outcome variable was the frequency of polymerase chain reaction positivity for malarial parasite. A pre-designed proforma was used to collect the data that was analyzed through SPSS version 20.0. Results: The mean age of patients was 29.51 ± 8.73 years. The majority (75.3%) of the patients had undiagnosed fever. Only a small proportion of patients had hemolytic anemia (4.0%), splenomegaly (4.0%), acute renal failure (1.3%) and jaundice (1.3%). Polymerase chain reaction was positive in 3 (2.0%) cases. There was no significant difference in the frequency of positive polymerase chain reaction across underlying signs/symptoms except splenomegaly. Patients with splenomegaly had a significantly higher frequency of positive polymerase chain reaction (16.7% vs. 1.4%; p=0.009). Conclusion: The frequency of positive polymerase chain reaction was found to be 2.0% in malarial parasite negative samples on microscopy. It was significantly higher among patients with splenomegaly.

Copyright of Education & Law Review / Revista de Educación y Derecho is the property of Revista de Educacion y Derecho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the application of the Problem Solving method on the learning outcomes of Natural Sciences in class V SDN 1 Kawo. The type of research used by researchers in this study is the type of Quasi Experimental Design. The research method used is experimental research. In this study, there were two class groups, namely the experimental class and the control class. The experimental class is a class that is given treatment in the form of Problem Solving methods while the control class is a class that uses conventional methods. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion entitled the influence of problem solving models on science lessons, ecosystem material on the learning outcomes of grade V students of SDN 1 Kawo, there are t test results and it is known that the average pre-test is 18.21 after a post-test of 21.00 so that the increase is 2.79. Furthermore, based on the t test, a calculated value of 15.694 was obtained. The t value of the table with df 32 at a significant level of 5% is 2.037. Therefore t count> ttable Or ( 15.694 > 2.037) and the significance value is smaller than 0.05 (0.00 < 0.05) so that it can be stated that there is a significant increase in the learning outcomes score of experimental group students or those given learning with the Problem Solving model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the convergence between the theoretical and empirical understanding of structural determinants of violent extremism in Pakistan. Given its broad-spectrum, the explanations accord special attention to Francis Stewart's thesis of horizontal inequalities. Coalescing the theoretical explanations and data, the research argues that the drivers of violent extremism in Pakistan are diverse and centrally rooted in horizontal inequalities. The prevalent drivers of violent extremism and terrorism in Pakistan are the economic, political, and governance-related factors that add to the existing sense of alienation; eventually leading to the deepening of grievances resulting in the violent mobilization of (ethno-religious) identities. Moreover, the economic drivers of violent conflict also seem to overlap with political drivers. Emanating from the cases of erstwhile FATA and South Punjab, this article also establishes the nexus between regional inequalities (i.e., spatial exclusion) and violent extremism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the role of Madaris in Pakistan's educational system and their alleged connection to radicalization and extremism due to a lack of emphasis on critical thinking, morality, and exclusive religious epistemological sources. In contrast to the prevalent simplifications attributing their function to Madaris, this paper argues that the conventional general education system has also failed to prioritise morality and inclusive epistemology in its curricula. Therefore, it is essential to adopt a more nuanced approach to the analysis of the education system, and it is argued that a comprehensive approach that acknowledges both inclusive epistemology and morality is required for an environment conducive to the maintenance of sustainable societal harmony. The paper argues that by employing such an approach, students can appreciate diversity and diverse perspectives, develop critical thinking skills, and be better equipped to promote social cohesion and peace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post-conflict North Waziristan is experiencing a fundamental shift in the political and economic environment at a very fast pace. This paper examines the complex political economy of post-conflict North Waziristan to assess factors promoting sustainable peace in the region. It identifies the multi-pronged official strategy that is significantly contributing to the transformation of the political and economic environment in the post-conflict setting. These steps include inter alia effective border management to counter illicit trafficking and cross-border terrorism, security sector reforms, improving the mechanism of governance, and diversifying 'formal' economic opportunities. The analysis suggests that post-conflict North Waziristan exhibits considerable improvements towards establishing and promoting conditions that are pivotal for sustainable peace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]