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There has been a growing curiosity and enthusiasm surrounding recent advancements in nanotechnology, electromagnetism, and optics. This interdisciplinary collaboration encompasses fields such as nanomaterials, nanoelectronics, and nanobiotechnology, which often overlap in their applications. One area that has attracted significant attention is the use of metal nanoparticles (MNPs), which has resulted in notable advancements in medicine. MNPs hold the promise of significantly boosting drug delivery efficacy, reducing unwanted side effects, and enhancing delivery precision. They also have applications in diagnostics, the development of biocompatible materials, and the exploration of nutraceuticals. Using metal nanoparticles in drug delivery provides benefits such as increased stability, prolonged circulation time, enhanced distribution, and precise targeting. The field of nanobiotechnnolgy has facilitated the creation of eco-friendly approaches, referred to as green synthesis, for the production of MNPs. MNPs offer improved stability and targeted release in drug delivery, while also providing a more sustainable alternative to chemical synthesis. This review aims to address the challenges and prospects of utilizing MNPs in drug delivery, with a specific focus on sustainable approaches for fabricating and modifying metal nanocarriers. It also explores the application of various MNPs in drug delivery systems (DDSs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (HMFCA) is a promising yet challenging task, producing significant chemical feedstocks. The development of nonprecious and efficient catalytic system for biomass-derived HMF is of great importance for HMFCA production. Herein, a magnetic Ag/GO/Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3 nanocomposite with p–n heterojunctions was fabricated using a simple refluxing method followed by an autoclave step at 120 °C. The Ag/GO/Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3 nanocomposite is employed as a photocatalyst for the selective oxidation of HMF toward HMFCA with high conversion (99%) and selectivity (98%). The products were separated and determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet. The structural integrity of the synthesized photocatalyst was corroborated by Fourier-transform infrared, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and BET-BJH. Various parameters were checked, such as temperature, amount of catalyst, time, base, light sources, light intensity, recyclability, and the efficiency of the photocatalyst. In result, the highest photocatalytic efficiency (98%) was obtained using 0.03 mol % of Ag/GO/Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3 nanocomposite under green light emitting diode light irradiation (12 W) for 1.5 h. Therefore, such a protocol provides a route to enhance the photocatalytic properties and performance of semiconductor materials for synthesizing biomass-derived value-added chemicals under environmentally friendly conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, Polymethyldopamin@Fe3O4 (PMDP@Fe3O4) has been synthesized using a very simple, easy, cost-effective, efficient, and fast method. First, magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) were synthesized. It was followed by accommodating polymethyldopamin (PMDP) on the prepared Fe3O4. The prepared PMDP@Fe3O4 was utilized as a sorbent in the Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction (MSPE) of six selected Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) including anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene. The extracted model analytes were desorbed by a Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) and were analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). The method is validated according to ICH guidelines with respect to precision, accuracy, linearity, specificity, robustness, and limits of detection and quantification. Under the optimized condition, the linearity of the method was in the range of 0.1–500 µg L−1 for the selected analytes. The calibration curves showed a determination of coefficient (r2) higher than 0.9986. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) were calculated to be between 0.03–0.14 and 0.09–0.46 µg L−1, respectively. The inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations (RSDs%) were determined to be in the range of 1.7–4.2% in three concentrations. Furthermore, the enrichment factors were found to be 76, 61, 65, 78, 69, and 67 for anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, respectively. Moreover, the calculated absolute recoveries were between 61 and 78%. The results of the real sample analysis and the obtained recoveries indicated that the method was useful and applicable in complicated real samples. PMDP@Fe3O4 nanoparticles were used for the extraction and determination of PAHs. DES was synthesized and used as a desorption solvent. The prepared sorbent showed high extraction performance, high stability, satisfactory reproducibility, and easy preparation. PMDP@Fe3O4 nanoparticles revealed satisfactory extraction recoveries for the MSPE of the PAHs. The method is effective, sensitive, cost-effective, and has wide LDRs and low LODs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cross-linked hybrid poly Schiff-base (PSB) was synthesized and characterized through spectroscopic, morphological, and structural approaches. The BET surface area (SBET) of the PSB is 20.33 m2/g, the pore volume (Vp) is 0.024 cm3/g, and the pore diameter (Dp) is 4.13 nm. The current study elucidates PSB's strong chemical and thermal stability, as well as the remarkable capacity to adsorb CO2 with perfect selectivity. This property is accomplished by the synergistic interaction of the polymer's physicochemical and structural features when exposed to CO2, N2 and CH4 molecules. This mesoporous polymer exhibits a CO2/N2 = 60 and CO2/CH4 = 10.5 selectivity, and can adsorb 3.22 mmol/g CO2 (at 298 K/1 bar). Furthermore, the isotherms of CO2 gas adsorption and desorption in the porous polymer are reversible. The use of PSB having effective imide, imine, and meta-hydroxyl functional groups in the adsorption and selectivity of CO2 gas produced excellent results, which make it a suitable candidate for CO2 storage and separation applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the use of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as catalysts for synthesizing dihydropyrano[c]chromene and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives. The authors conducted experiments to optimize the reaction conditions and found that increasing the temperature and amount of NADES improved the reaction yield. They also observed that certain aromatic aldehydes resulted in higher yields and shorter reaction times. The study highlights the potential of NADES as an efficient and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing these compounds. The research was supported by the Research Council of the University of Mazandaran. [Extracted from the article]

Among the important needs of human societies are the reduction of biological pollution and the use of environmentally friendly and inexpensive solvents. For the synthesis of medicinally important heterocycles, there is a need for an easy, efficient, and environmentally friendly catalytic protocol through multicomponent reaction (MCR). In this regard, the construction of multi-functional composites has been considered. A novel magnetic graphite carbon nitride decorated by tri-vanadium substituted Dawson-type heteropolytungstate nanocomposite (C3N4/Fe3O4@P2W15V3) effectively synthesized and characterized by prevalent functional analysis. This heterogeneous catalyst produced various tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives in the presence of ethanol as a green solvent. Among the advantages observed for this method is the presence of a heterogeneous and reusable catalyst that is easily isolated and provides a high yield of products in a very short reaction time with high purity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an attempt was made to synthesize a new sorbent based on the second generation of silica coated magnetic poly(amidoamine) (Fe3O4@SiO2@PAMAM) to improve the performance of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) of some antifungal drugs including miconazole, clotrimazole and ticonazole in various real samples such as urine and human plasma. The extracted analytes were measured by high performance liquid chromatography equipped with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). Field emissionscanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to study the morphology and structure of the prepared sorbent. The various factors such as: extraction time, sorbent amount, solvent desorption volume, desorption time, ionic strength and pH were studied and optimized. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines with respect to precision, accuracy, linearity, specificity, robustness, and limits of detection and quantification. Under the optimized condition, the linearity of the method was in the range of 1-500 µg L-1 (miconazole= 1-200 µg L-1, clotrimazole = 1-500 µg L-1 and ticonazole = 1-200 µg L-1). The obtained coefficient of determination (r²) were between 0.9871-0.9977. The limits of detection (LODs) were also calculated to be 0.14-0.18 µg L-1 (miconazole= 0.16 µg L-1, clotrimazole = 0.18 µg L-1 and ticonazole=0.14 µg L-1). The limits of quantification (LOQs) were also in the range of 0.46-0.60 µg L-1 for the selected analytes. The relative standard deviations (RSDs%), were obtained in the range of 4.6 to 5.9%. Moreover, the calculated enrichment factors were between 85 and 93. The proposed method was employed for the analysis of various real samples such as urine and plasma samples. The obtained recoveries (higher than 92%) indicated that the method was useful and applicable in complicated real samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]