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Background: Artabotrys odoratissimus (Annonaceae) is a medicinal and ornamental plant widely cultivated in Southeast Asia for its famous ylang ylang essential oil. The fruits of this plant are used for health benefits, but very little is studied about the bioactive principles, their role in regulating oxidative stress and tumour progression., Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of fruit extract of Artabotrys odoratissimus and its bioactive fraction using cell-based assays., Methods: The free radical scavenging and antiproliferative effects of Artabotrys odoratissimus fruit ethyl acetate (FEA) extract and its bioactive fraction were evaluated using cell viability assays, colony formation assay, double staining assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, comet assay, cell cycle analysis, and western blotting., Results: The extract showed phenolic content of 149.8±0.11μg/mg Gallic acid equivalents and flavonoid content of 214.47±4.18 μg/mg Quercetin. FEA showed an IC 50 value of 76.35 μg/ml in the ABTS assay and an IC 50 value of 134.3±7.8 μg/ml on MIA PaCa-2 cells. The cells treated with 125 μg/ml and 250 μg/ml FEA showed increased apoptotic cells in Double staining assay, DNA damage during comet assay, enhanced ROS, and cell cycle arrest at G2M phase at 125 μg/ml and 250 μg/ml. The active fraction AF5 showed an IC 50 value of 67±1.26 μg/ml on MIA PaCa-2 cells during MTT assay, displayed potential antiproliferative effects, and showed a marked increase in the expression of γH2AX and p53., Conclusion: These results prove that the fruit extract and the bioactive fraction demonstrate oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage, leading to apoptosis in the MIA PaCa-2 cell line., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Grewia tiliaefolia is a subtropical tree, its stem bark is widely used in traditional Indian medicines to heal chronic wounds, gastric ulcers, burning sensation, itching and other allergic ailments. Bioassay-directed fractionation and chromatography of the methanolic extract of G. tiliaefolia stem bark has resulted in the isolation of gulonic acid gamma-lactone. The methanolic extract and the isolated constituent were studied for their potency on three different cutaneous wound models, VIZ., excision, incision and dead space wounds in Wistar rats. In the excision wound model, healing was assessed by the rate of wound contraction and period of epithelisation. In the incision wound model, the degree of healing was analysed by determining the skin breaking strength. In the dead space wound model, the parameters used to confirm the healing process were weight of granulation tissue, its tensile strength, hydroxyproline content and histological studies. The extract as well as the constituent demonstrated wound healing activity. Topical application of gulonic acid gamma-lactone (0.2% w/w ointment) caused faster epithelialisation with 94.02% wound contraction on day 16 post-wounding, while in control animals the duration of healing was extended up to 22 days with 79.53% wound contraction. The tensile strength of the incision wound was significantly increased (561.12 +/- 5.18 g) compared to the control (327.63 +/- 6.37 g). In the dead space wound model, a significant increase in weight, tensile strength and hydroxyproline content of the granuloma tissue was observed following oral administration of gulonic acid gamma-lactone (60 mg/kg). Histology of the granuloma tissue showed increased collagenation and the absence of monocytes. The wound healing effect was compared with that of the standard skin ointment nitrofurazone. The results of this investigation provide supportive scientific evidence for the medicinal use of G. tiliaefolia for healing of cutaneous wound.