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A simple sensing ensemble was designed to discriminate structurally similar divalent metal chlorides utilizing multivariate data analysis. The system features the binding of four synthesized coumarin-enamine probes to a series of ten metal chlorides. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) achieves what univariate data analysis alone cannot i.e., full analyte discrimination and differentiation.

An off-the-shelf supramolecular sensing system was designed to discriminate biologically relevant phosphates in neutral water using multivariate data analysis. The system is based on an indicator displacement assay comprising only two unmodified commercially available components: a dendritic poly-electrolyte and a common fluorescent dye. Effective discrimination of nucleotide diphosphates and inorganic diphosphate was achieved through principal component analysis (PCA).