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Scanning microscopic imaging has become a valuable research tool in micromorphology with improved techniques playing an important role in analysing the ultrastructure of leaf specimens. The foliar epidermal anatomy of 25 selected poisonous plants with special emphasis on stomata and trichomes was reported using microscopic techniques, for instance, light micrographs (LMs) and scanning micrographs (SEMs). This study aimed to investigate micromorphologies of studied species that are helpful for the identification of poisonous plants. Plants were collected, pressed, dried, identified and then analysed for microscopic study. For making microscopic slides, 1 or 2 leaves were taken in a test tube and dipped in 30% nitric acid and 70% lactic acid for few minutes, and then placed on petri plates for separating the epidermis. Numerous quantitative and qualitative foliar anatomical features of adaxial and abaxial surfaces, including epidermal cell shapes, stomata size, subsidiary cell size, the pattern of the anticlinal wall, the morphology of the stomatal complex and trichome diversity, were examined. A small number of the considered species had anomocytic and anisocytic stomata; a few species had paracytic stomata, for instance, Ricinus communis, Euphorbia royleana, Buxus pilosula and Sorghum halepense; and only Ipomoea carnea had cyclocytic stomata in the studied taxa. The epidermal cells of the analysed species were irregular, while some exhibited polygonal, wavy, tetragonal and elongated cell morphologies. Overall, this study emphasises the significance of foliar micromorphology analysis as a valuable resource for identifying potentially poisonous plants and demonstrates its contribution to maintaining public welfare, thereby benefitting public health and safety.

The proclaming of the Azerbaijani language as the main language was one of the most important changes in the reform of new schools in Azerbaijan in the 1920s. Preparation of textbooks in the native language for primary schools has become one of the actual issues. The development of national culture depended on the application level of the mother tongue. The purpose of the research is to study preparation of new textbooks for Azerbaijan primary schools in the years of 1920-1931. It was not possible to develop national schools without creating textbooks and additional teaching resources in the national language. It was difficult to develop new textbooks in all subjects for all groups (classes) in a short period. There were various reasons of the difficulties: 1) lack of professionals and teaching staff for designing textbooks in all subjects; 2) lack of scientific terminology in Biology, Physics, Mathematics other subjects; 3) lack of experience in the field of printing and publishing issues; 4) lack of professional translators; 5) the Arabic alphabet which hinders cultural progress, etc. The article identifies the nature of these difficulties and analyzes the solution methods. Textbooks for primary schools based on the new Turkish alphabet (Latin script) are analyzed in the article. In 1922, the New Turkish Alphabet Committee was established under the Central Excutive Commission (CEC) of Azerbaijan. Then Jalil Mammadzadeh, Mammadagha Shahtakhtli and others were also appointed to the committee. The committee organized its activities in three directions: 1) editorial and publishing department; 2) training and science department; 3) organizational department. As a result, a lot of issues regarding the compatibility of the new Latin alphabet with our language, harmony, and pronunciation were discussed; and finally, on July 22, 1922, it was decided to switch from the Arabic alphabet into the new Latin alphabet.

BACKGROUND: Invasive fungal infections have been described throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Cryptococcal disease after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported in several isolated case reports and 1 larger case series. We sought to describe cryptococcal infections following SARS-CoV-2 through establishing a database to investigate underlying risk factors, disease manifestations, and outcomes. METHODS: We created a crowdsourced call for cases solicited through the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infectious Diseases Network, and infectious diseases Twitter groups. Data were collected in a web-based and secure REDCap survey without personal identifiers. RESULTS: Sixty-nine cases were identified and submitted by 29 separate institutional sites. Cryptococcosis was diagnosed a median of 22 days (interquartile range, 9-42 days) after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mortality among those with available follow-up was 72% (26/36) for the immunocompetent group and 48% (15/31) for the immunocompromised group (likelihood ratio, 4.01; P = .045). We observed a correlation between disease manifestation (central nervous system infection, proven/probable disseminated disease, and respiratory) and mortality (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: The mortality rate of 59% for patients with cryptococcosis following SARS-CoV-2 is higher than that of modern Cryptococcus cohorts. There was an association between immunocompromised status and cryptococcal disease manifestations as well as mortality. Moreover, our series emphasizes the need for clinical and laboratory assessment of opportunistic infections beyond 30 days when concerning symptoms develop.

Today, a pressing issue for industrial enterprises is the development of an innovative logistics strategy on an efficient basis, especially the use or application of more modern supply chain management methods to increase competitiveness. On the one hand, such a strategy involves high costs for the implementation of innovations in logistics, on the other hand, it is an important tool for optimizing the business processes of enterprises and increasing their economic efficiency. In modern conditions, simply employing a logistical approach in the operation of industrial enterprises is insufficient for optimizing business processes. There is a clear need for methodological tools to ensure the effective application of innovative logistics. Innovative logistics plays a crucial role in improving service quality, reducing the total costs associated with flow processes and increasing their efficiency. Relevance of the topic. In modern times, industrial enterprises play a critical role in ensuring the sustainability of a country’s development. Therefore, it is essential to foster the growth of these enterprises, which requires the implementation of effective mechanisms. One such mechanism is the application of an innovative logistics strategy. Innovative logistics facilitates the organization of flow processes, enables the evaluation of management effectiveness through analysis, identifies and utilizes resources, and ultimately enhances the overall efficiency of the enterprise. Given that an innovative logistics strategy can help optimize business processes in industrial enterprises by employing innovative mechanisms, tools, and methods to manage logistics flows and add value within supply chains, research in this area is highly important. The purpose of the article is to determine the role of innovative logistics strategy as one of the most important and effective tools for the business processes of industrial enterprises. Additionally, the article aims to investigate the mechanism of implementation of innovative logistics strategies to optimize business processes in industrial enterprises and achieve economic effect. An in-depth study of consumer preferences, market development prospects, and scientific and technical opportunities is identified as a critical condition for optimizing business processes in industrial enterprises. Such factors can assist enterprise management in developing a logistics flow management strategy that will provide the necessary conditions for business activity. Under such circumstances, enterprises will have the opportunity to apply and actively develop innovative methods and tools to manage those flows. Research methods. Comparison, development dynamics, generalization, grouping, factor analysis, economic-statistical analysis. Scientific innovation. The article demonstrates that an innovative logistics strategy is a long- term direction for the development of logistics, directly influencing the business processes of industrial enterprises. It was established that developing such a strategy by the higher management bodies of industrial enterprises, aligned with their goals, can optimize the use of all resources in managing logistics flows. Furthermore, it was found that the application of innovations in logistics can enhance the financial stability of the enterprise, improve service quality, and provide competitive advantages by delivering products to the final consumer more quickly and at a lower cost. As a result of the research, specific directions for the effective implementation of innovative logistics strategies, which can play a significant role in optimizing business processes within enterprises, have been proposed.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C9H20N+·Br−·C6F4I2, contains one 2,2,6,6 tetramethylpiperidine-1-ium cation, one 1,2,3,4-tetrafluoro-5,6-diiodobenzene molecule, and one uncoordinated bromide anion. In the crystal, the bromide anions link the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine molecules by intermolecular C—H...Br and N—H...Br hydrogen bonds, leading to dimers, with the coplanar 1,2,3,4-tetrafluoro-5,6-diiodobenzene molecules filling the space between them. There is a π–π interaction between the almost parallel benzene rings [dihedral angle = 10.5 (2)°] with a centroid-to-centroid distance of 3.838 (3) Å and slippage of 1.468 Å. No C—H...π(ring) interactions are observed. A Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the most important contributions for the crystal packing are from H...F/F...H (23.8%), H...H (22.6%), H...Br/Br...H (17.3%) and H...I/I...H (13.8%) interactions. Hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions are the dominant interactions in the crystal packing.

The paper examines the degree of digitalization of Academic Writing and Information Literacy (hereafter AW & IL) course in the countries of the post-Soviet era. Numerous research demonstrated that digital transformation has taken place toward the teaching of AW & IL in most of the developed countries and beyond, yet little is studied about the digitalization in countries of the former Soviet Union that have passed a long way to align their education with the globe. Keeping up with the four main categories of digitalization, the paper will look at its application as a part of curriculum development, assessment, students' competency, and university maintenance. The paper employs a phenomenological approach confirmed through the qualitative analysis of 18 in-depth interviews conducted with AW & IL instructors from nine countries. The study revealed that recently AW & IL course has moved through partial digitalization, providing that the university stakeholders do not exert any necessary support.

The aim of this study was to adapt the Tuckman Procrastination Scale for use with Azerbaijani adolescents and explore the relationships between procrastination, academic motivation and self-efficacy. Data were obtained from 718 adolescents in Azerbaijan whose ages ranged from 10 to 18 years (M = 13.61, SD = 1.86) through convenience sampling. As part of the adaptation process, confirmatory factor analysis, criterion-related validity, and reliability analyses were conducted. Furthermore, the study shedding light on the relationships between procrastination and academic motivation and self-efficacy were explored using PROCESS macro mediation analysis. The results obtained from confirmatory factor analysis indicated that factor loading values of three items of the scale is less than 30 and cannot be taken into account. The remaining 13 items of Tuckman Procrastination Scale analyzed and confirmed the unidimensional structure of scale. Internal consistency reliability analysis conducted and the result indicated satisfactory reliability coefficients. Moreover, results demonstrated that procrastination was negatively associated with academic motivation and self-efficacy. Addiction to it, the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between procrastination and academic self-efficacy was unveiled. These findings suggest that the Azerbaijani version of the Tuckman Procrastination Scale has acceptable psychometric properties.

This study explores the progress of the 14-year old Bologna reform in major Azerbaijani public universities. The focus of the study was to investigate the level of student involvement in the transformation process of the European Higher Education Area. The data for the research were collected from a survey conducted among 2,400 bachelor's and master's students, as well as through semi-structured interviews with university administrators and experts. The study mainly examines the key elements of Bologna process -- degree structure, quality assurance, mobility, and social dimension. The study found that despite the remarkable progress in the development of higher education system in the country, much work still needs to be done at the institutional level to involve students in all stages of the reform process. Huge discrepancies and shortages are observed with respect to the role of students in the quality assurance process both at the external and internal level. In terms of the internationalization of institutions, formal strategies and targets, as well as sufficient funding, are not yet fully existent in higher education institutions. Meanwhile, students in the chosen universities are either unaware of student support services or unsatisfied with the provision of those services.