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Accessibility is critical in achieving sustainable and equitable transport systems. This study investigates the accessibility of older adults, a group that has received little attention in the accessibility literature yet faces significant mobility barriers. Following qualitative approaches, including interviews and open-ended questionnaires, and employing the Accessibility as a Capability framework (AaaC) and Transport-Related Social Exclusion (TRSE) dimensions, the study analyses the opportunities and barriers older adults face in accessing transport systems in six wards of South Manchester. Results reveal the crucial role of individual abilities and perceptions in converting resources into access. Analysis of travel experiences showed that even when accessibility appears high, older adults may still expend a significant amount of effort to gain accessibility, particularly through emotional 'work' caused by transport-related fear and stress. The findings suggest a focus on the subjective aspects of travel to remove barriers to accessibility and improve access to valued capabilities while creating more equitable and sustainable transport systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessibility is critical in achieving sustainable and equitable transport systems. This study investigates the accessibility of older adults, a group that has received little attention in the accessibility literature yet faces significant mobility barriers. Following qualitative approaches, including interviews and open-ended questionnaires, and employing the Accessibility as a Capability framework (AaaC) and Transport-Related Social Exclusion (TRSE) dimensions, the study analyses the opportunities and barriers older adults face in accessing transport systems in six wards of South Manchester. Results reveal the crucial role of individual abilities and perceptions in converting resources into access. Analysis of travel experiences showed that even when accessibility appears high, older adults may still expend a significant amount of effort to gain accessibility, particularly through emotional ‘work’ caused by transport-related fear and stress. The findings suggest a focus on the subjective aspects of travel to remove barriers to accessibility and improve access to valued capabilities while creating more equitable and sustainable transport systems.

AbstractDrawing inspiration from autoethnographic accounts of gentrification, this paper examines the privileges and disadvantages of middling transnationals in the private rented sector to reveal the complexity of housing decisions, thereby challenging the inclination to conceive this particular group as ‘gentrifiers’. By demonstrating the ability of middle-class migrants to prioritize their preferences while considering the challenges they face due to their newcomer status, this paper contends that housing decisions are the outcome of the interplay between migrants, rental agents, and digital platforms. In so doing, this paper highlights the gatekeeping capability of traditional and digital intermediaries in the rental market. Methodologically, this paper underscores the value of the microscopic view enabled by autoethnography, which broadens gentrification research by facilitating the recognition of emerging trends and the identification of promising areas for future research. Overall, through its reflection on the potential influences of transnational migrants on gentrification, this paper contributes to research efforts that intend to understand gentrification in relation to migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis article deals with the analysis of persistence in tourism in three European cities, namely, London, Manchester and Berlin. We consider hotel occupancy rate data with data beginning at October 1997 (in London), at March 2004 (in Berlin), while those in Manchester start at January 2006. All data ends at February 2024. Fractional integration methods are used, and the results indicate changes in the persistence pattern of the series due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Thus, before the pandemic, the results indicate that the integration order was less than 1 in the three series, implying transitory shocks. However, with the inclusion of data from 2020 to February 2024, the order of integration substantially increases in all cases, and the unit root hypothesis cannot be rejected, implying the permanent effects of shocks. Our results show that the effect of Covid-19 has been especially significant in hotel occupancy rate data in the three cities analyzed, indicating that strong policy measures are needed to reassume pre-crisis trends in the tourism industry.

Through the lens of the exhibition "Out of Place" (OOP), this paper investigates the commonalities between textile practices in the post-industrial cities of Manchester, UK and Hangzhou, China. By considering works that may exist on the periphery of textile practice, questions are raised concerning the shifting notion of textiles, particularly in regions that have deep textile histories. Through the reflections of Kate Egan, who curated the exhibition, and drawing upon the research of the fellow authors and their situatedness in Manchester, this article explores the notion of a virtual space in relation to the methods of communication employed throughout the Manchester-Hangzhou collaboration. Virtual space is presented here as an environment in which "textile narratives" take shape within and across different sites, examining contemporary methods of communication, collaboration and curation. Connecting Manchester and Hangzhou with this virtual space, the article expands the dialogue between artists at Manchester School of Art and China Academy of Art by reflecting on a common language of textiles and our contemporary manifestations of material culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses a lack of scholarly focus on intersections of memory, gender, and the popular music archive. To challenge the underrepresentation of women, reparative actions must be collaborative, formative, and future-facing. The Rebel Music project sought to elevate women's and LGBTQ+ people's seldom heard voices involved in Manchester music, and to redevelop a digital archive to better engage users from these groups. Physical and digital exhibitions were devised to do this, including the Suffragette City portrait exhibitions. By centering women's experiences and knowledge, it is possible to contribute to what we call re-membering music worlds in more gender-inclusive ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benjamin Gibson, a Newcastle-born surgeon, trained in Lancaster, Chester, London and Edinburgh before being appointed as assistant to Charles White, Manchester surgeon and man-midwife. He developed expertise in eye diseases, particularly of children. In 1804 he was appointed Honorary Surgeon to the Manchester Infirmary. He died young in 1812, but had published significantly on the cause of ophthalmia neonatorum, on cataract surgery in infants (the first to do so) and on surgery to reform damaged pupils. He was the first specialist oculist in Manchester and the North of England, and the first in that region to perform cataract extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In February 2023, the Manchester Museum opened its new South Asia Gallery. Co-curated by a collective - 'individuals from British Asian communities in and around Manchester and fellow experts', the gallery encapsulates a unique curatorial spirit, and challenges traditional spatial juxtapositions in museum spaces. This review explores the collection and spatial experience of the gallery, examining the relationship between content and curatorial priorities. The gallery stands out in its unique telling of a people's history of large-scale global events, in the ways it traces the relationship between the everyday and empire, and between belongings and artefacts. This however brings with it certain lacunas in the 'global' connections of South Asia, and the need for future opportunities to explore under-represented voices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A monthly composite rainfall record for the period 1786–present representative of Manchester, northwest England is presented. The 235-year record ranks as the second-longest instrumental rainfall record available for northern England, and the fifth-longest for the UK, and contributes to a growing network of long homogenous rainfall series. A composite record is constructed, extended, and homogenised, and the record is analysed in terms of annual and seasonal variability, with a focus on extreme wet/dry events. Three primary meteorological stations in Manchester, located within 2 km of one another, form the basis of the reconstruction, with other records identified for infilling and extension based on their longevity, continuity, and proximity to the primary stations. A linear regression analysis is applied to produce a continuous record, and adjustment factors are applied to ensure homogeneity. Record homogeneity is assessed via cross-comparison with long-term records from the region (Carlisle, Chatsworth House and HadNWEP), and the methods are applied to assess relative homogeneity include the double-mass curve and Standard Normal Homogeneity tests. The Manchester record is deemed to be homogenous overall but includes two periods of increased uncertainty: 1786–1819, comprising the earliest observations and greatest number of different stations, and 1883–1911, which encompasses multi-year and multi-decadal drought events of (1883–1885 and 1890–1910) as identified by other long-term meteorological studies. The analysis of the entire record reflects long-term rainfall variability with an increasing, although not significant, trend in annual rainfall observed. Seasonally, a significant increase in winter rainfall is exhibited, in keeping with patterns observed in other regional studies. Seasonal rainfall totals are found to be highly variable at the decadal timescale. Several well-documented extreme wet (e.g., autumn 2000) and dry (e.g., summer 1976) seasons are identified, including historic events (e.g., the floods of summer 1872 and drought of summer 1887) from the less-well documented eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on work of architect Ben Kelly and the history and design of some of his work such as The Haçienda nightclub, which played a significant role in post-punk, indie music, acid-house, and rave culture in Manchester, Great Britain from 1982 until its demolition in 1997. It highlights how the club's unique design, inspired by industrial materials and artistic collaborations, contributed to its iconic status as a hub for musical exploration in the area.

In this study I examine the role of philanthropic foundations in stimulating city government innovation. Reduced budgets and rising consumer demands are challenging organizational capacity in government, prompting government officials to recognize the need for innovation to improve policies, programmes and practices. This empirical study draws upon qualitative interviews and policy reports to generate comparative case studies on three city governments in England: Bristol, Manchester and Newcastle. It builds on work in urban studies and policy mobilities that reveals how foundations can influence urban agendas, finding that philanthropic foundations engage with city governments through three different types of collaboration: direct provision of financial resources, exchange of non‐financial resources with city governments and indirect engagements. Philanthropic foundations are blending financial resources and less tangible provision of space and time to enable city governments to experiment with new ideas, policies and ways of working. The fusion of non‐governmental resources provides city governments with the capacity to act, and city governments often use non‐governmental funding for riskier projects and for projects that may not have taken place if public funding had been used. Through these different collaborations and by deploying a suite of interventions and methods, philanthropic foundations stimulate product, service, process, conceptual and governance innovation in city governments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes an historical perspective to examine the social and community motivations for public parks and their funding. Public parks can be some of the most valuable green infrastructure assets; understanding why they were created and how they have developed can usefully inform current international practice. Analysis is of one the UK's first public parks, Peel Park, Salford, Greater Manchester and draws on documentary material from the Park's creation in the 1840s and its refurbishment in the 2010s. Common and long-lived expectations for community cohesion are found, but for contemporary management we highlight the importance of park quality and understanding public parks as part of wider equality issues. We also argue that entrepreneurial municipalism and diversified funding arrangements introduce diverse politics and interests to park provision. A lack of government funding, and thus a reliance on charitable and philanthropic sources, also potentially categorise public park provision as non-essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical social scientific accounts of the confused and inconsistent process of “devolution” in England in recent years have rightly emphasized the place that Greater Manchester and, most recently, the Greater Manchester Combined Authority, has occupied at the forefront of UK metropolitan institutional reform. They typically give little credit, however, to the long-running, independent processes of mobilization and institution-building that have resulted in Greater Manchester achieving this vanguard position. This article challenges the idea that contemporary metropolitan governance in Greater Manchester can be seen merely as a pawn in the hands of a regressive, centralist state or else as an undemocratic vehicle designed to enable a city elite to dominate its metropolitan neighbors. In taking a longer historical perspective than is common to critical accounts, the article demonstrates that metropolitanization in England has not followed a coherent centralizing script and neither has the current Combined Authority been constrained, or chosen, to adopt the narrow economic development logic its critics allege. The latter is exemplified by an empirical examination of the work done in Greater Manchester on the theme of work and health. The article concludes with an assessment of how a fragile and very English form of devolution might develop in the difficult context in which the UK now finds itself, arguing that social scientific analysis can perform much better in identifying ways in which further enhancements of sub-national autonomy can support the realization of progressive social and environmental goals.

This essay was delivered as a keynote presentation by Professor Prasannan Parthasarathi at a conference, Historical Threads, held at Manchester’s Science and Industry Museum in November 2022. Up to that point, many of us in the audience had probably felt reasonably knowledgeable about the role of cotton production in the growth of Manchester and in what we call the Industrial Revolution. This essay was a revelation, presenting an entirely new, global perspective on the long history of international cotton trading, and positioning Manchester’s growth as a competitive response to what had for centuries been an Indian success story; one that was swiftly rewritten by nineteenth century British historians and industrialists. This museum has for over thirty years featured a much-loved Textiles Gallery, highlighting regional innovations, such as Richard Arkwright’s water frame, and the global and social impact of industrialisation and mass production methods developed in and around Manchester. But we have never told the story that is told in this essay, nor properly framed Manchester’s growth within a world context. The museum, as part of the Science Museum Group, is now committed to presenting more inclusive narratives, developing displays to feature previously untold stories and provide global perspectives. There are few more painful or problematic histories than that of the cotton trade, and this conference was a first step towards creating a ‘Cottonopolis’ gallery, which will set Manchester’s textile history in a bigger, harsher yet ultimately richer context. This essay is a first step towards that retelling. Note: Professor Parthasarathi is the first in a series of keynote speakers who will be invited to give presentations on subjects crucial to the Group’s major projects or research themes and whose lectures will be published in the Science Museum Group Journal. Note: Professor Parthasarathi is the first in a series of keynote speakers who will be invited to give presentations on subjects crucial to the Group’s major projects or research themes and whose lectures will be made available online and published in the Science Museum Group Journal.

This review summarizes the economic impacts of the pandemic on ethnic minorities, focusing on the city of Manchester. It utilizes multiple reporting sources to explore various dimensions of the economic shock in the UK, linking this to studies of pre-COVID-19 economic and ethnic composition in Manchester and in the combined authority area of Greater Manchester. We then make inferences about the pandemic's short-term impact specific to the city region. Greater Manchester has seen some of the highest rates of COVID-19 and as a result faced particularly stringent “lockdown” regulations. Manchester is the sixth most deprived Local Authority in England, according to 2019 English Indices of Multiple Deprivation. As a consequence, many neighborhoods in the city were always going to be less resilient to the economic shock caused by the pandemic compared with other, less-deprived, areas. Particular challenges for Manchester include the high rates of poor health, low-paid work, low qualifications, poor housing conditions and overcrowding. Ethnic minority groups also faced disparities long before the onset of the pandemic. Within the UK, ethnic minorities were found to be most disadvantaged in terms of employment and housing–particularly in large urban areas containing traditional settlement areas for ethnic minorities. Further, all Black, Asian, and Minority ethnic (BAME) groups in Greater Manchester were less likely to be employed pre-pandemic compared with White people. For example, people of Pakistani and Bangladeshi ethnic backgrounds, especially women, have the lowest levels of employment in Greater Manchester. Finally, unprecedented cuts to public spending as a result of austerity have also disproportionately affected women of an ethnic minority background alongside disabled people, the young and those with no or low-level qualifications. This environment has created and sustained a multiplicative disadvantage for Manchester's ethnic minority residents through the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Concerns about increasingly precarious working and living conditions have highlighted the particularly vulnerable nature of low-income economic migrants, who often experience high levels of housing precarity, alongside precarious employment. Economic migrants to the UK often lack housing support, and access housing in the private rented sector (PRS), where they struggle to secure safe, decent and affordable accommodation. This article presents a qualitative exploration of low-income economic migrants' lived experiences of housing precarity, based on research in Manchester. Housing represents a critical element of migrants' experiences, which can have a determining effect on other outcomes. Yet despite the acknowledged higher levels of precarity in the PRS, there have been few in-depth studies of how tenants experience this, particularly at the lower end of the sector. The conceptual lens of precarity offers a deeper understanding of the affective dimension, multidimensionality and structure-agency dynamics of low-income migrants' housing experiences. In this way, the paper contributes to debates on insecurity, perception, and agency in housing studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse is the descent of the pelvic organs into the vagina accompanied by urinary, bowel, and sexual. Many types of surgeries are done to fix the organ prolapse. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to study the intra-operative and immediate post-operative complications in patients undergoing surgery for genital prolapse. The study also aims to follow the patients for a period of 1 year evaluate the possible morbidity during the period and also assess the factors which contribute to this morbidity. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry among 121 patients who were admitted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology for genital prolapse. It was intended to study the intraoperative, early post-operative, and long-term complications among these patients who underwent vaginal surgeries for genital prolapse. Results: Ward Mayo’s operation was done in the age group of 45–50 years and Manchester repair was done in the age group of 30–35 years. Patients who underwent Ward Mayo’s procedure had a parity of 3.5. Nearly 25% of patients had a parity of 25. There was a significant difference in operating time when surgeries were done by consultants when compared to senior residents (P=0.002) but there was no significant difference in blood loss (P=0.070). A significant increase in blood loss and operating time was noted when vaginal hysterectomy was combined with both anterior and posterior repair. In cases of complications, it was prolonged. Backache (4.95%, 4.13%, and 4.13) and psychological problems (4.13%. 6.61%, and 6.61%) after 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year, respectively, were common long-term complications that could be attributed to decreased awareness among our women. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that vaginal surgeries for genital prolapse have lesser complications both intra-operatively and during the post-operative period. The patient’s characteristics such as age, parity, other illnesses, and surgical details such as choice of the operation, experience of the surgeon, additional procedures performed, blood loss, and antibiotic usage influence the morbidities associated with the surgery.

This paper investigates intonation in the urban dialect of Liverpool, Scouse. Scouse is reported to be part of a group of dialects in the north of the UK where rising contours in declaratives are a traditional aspect of the dialect. This intonation is typologically unusual and has not been the subject of detailed previous research. Here, we present such an analysis in comparison with Manchester, a city less than 40 miles from Liverpool but with a noticeably different prosody. Our analysis confirms reports that rising contours are the most common realization for declaratives in Liverpool, specifically a low rise where final high pitch is not reached until the end of the phrase. Secondly, we consider the origin of declarative rises in Scouse with reference to the literature on new dialect formation. Our demographic analysis and review of previous work on relevant dialects suggests that declarative rises were not the majority variant when Scouse was formed but may have been adopted for facilitating communication in a diverse new community. We highlight this contribution of intonational data to research on phonological aspects of new dialect formation, which have largely considered segmental phonology or timing previously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conceptually grounded, integrated, city-scale and comparative studies remain rare and are based mostly on meta-reviews of the literature or broad surveys. Conversely, debates about the limitations of incremental or transitional change and exhortations towards more ambitious processes of system or transformative changes are rarely grounded in adequate empirical analysis. Accordingly, this paper examines city-scale plans and actions in order to throw light on these issues in a carefully contextualised Global South–North comparison between Cape Town, South Africa, and Greater Manchester, UK. Cape Town has a considerable pedigree of citywide climate policy and action but achieving cross-departmental integration remains a key challenge, along with operationalisation and monitoring. Greater Manchester has abundant climate ambitions to become a leading European green city, but recent innovative policy processes revealed a lack of capacity and in-house expertise. The comparative analysis therefore focuses on capacity constraints hampering fulfilment of progressive city aspirations that engage with global agendas, and on how they use innovative planning and implementation processes and different forms of knowledge to address integrative or cross-cutting issues, as well as on their relative success to date in doing so in the face of different extents of inequality and power asymmetry. 'Policy relevance' A comparative analysis of city-wide climate policy initiatives provides four insights that are highly relevant for policymakers. First, the political–institutional context in which local climate policy is designed invariably shapes the policy process, making it imperative to consider redesigning the ‘multilevel governance’ structures between the local governments that ‘hold the problem’ of climate change with the tools required to address the root causes. Second, policymakers need to grapple with and negotiate across the conflicting rationalities held by different professionals and stakeholders to bring together and integrate different types of knowledge into a comprehensive perspective. Third, local governments must find ways to address the underlying challenge of institutional inertia to embrace more ambitious, transformative policy agendas, moving away from incrementalist approaches. Finally, local governments should integrate debates on socio-spatial fairness and justice with climate policy, recognising the interdependencies between these agendas.

In her 2019 novel Frankissstein: A Love Story, Jeanette Winterson repatriates Mary Shelley’s myth to Britain, and more precisely to Manchester, the cradle of the Industrial Revolution. The visionary in this case is an AI-specialist called Victor Stein, who is striving to push back the limits of the human condition in a secret underground laboratory. Subterranean Manchester presents itself as an urban palimpsest in which different historical strata coexist, and whose meaning is defined by a process of cultural accretion involving history, local culture and literature. Winterson contributes a fictional layer by interweaving the urban text that is underground Manchester and her rewriting of Shelley’s myth. Building on Jens Martin Gurr’s suggestion that the notion of the urban palimpsest may be extended to post-industrial cities, the first section seeks to analyse how Winterson represent urban complexity – i.e. the coexistence of layers of urban memory – by mobilizing textual strategies centred on the figure of Victor Stein. The paper then demonstrates how the structure of the novel performs urban complexity, encouraging readers to engage in time travel and hypertextual reading. Finally, the last section shows how the challenge which lies in representing urban complexity is also an opportunity, as the time travel allowed by underground Manchester enables Winterson, like Mary Shelley before her, to contemplate the possibilities opened up by science, probing not just the future of the city, but that of humanity. The constant shifts between the nineteenth century and the present time reflect Winterson’s conviction that Shelley’s novel is a prophecy announcing the advent of the posthuman. Drawing on the collection of essays which Winterson recently published under the title 12 Bytes. How We Got Here. Where We Might Go Next (2021), the essay examines how the novel’s reflection on the human and its boundaries invites us to question the contemporary polis and its monstrous Others.

Abstract Manchester’s relationship to industrial textile production is often framed in the far past, however, this nostalgic framing ignores the active presence and growth of South Asian knitwear businesses in Manchester since the 70 s, and their role in maintaining the historic architecture and industrial heritage of the city. Crusader Works in Manchester was home to a long-standing community of South Asian textile businesses, who had been present since the 1980s, as well as Rogue Artists’ Studios, of which I was a member. When the building was sold to developers Capital & Centric in November 2015, both communities were faced with eviction. I worked with two knitting factories (Unique Knitwear and Imperial Knitwear), developing a series of projects that sought to mark the long-standing presence of the textile workers. The historical narrative has been increasingly articulated by the developers Capital & Centric, through frequent press releases, authored local news articles, relentless social media, and even a BBC documentary “Manctopia” (2020) all whilst omitting any reference (present or historical) to the South Asian knitwear community. This article reexamines the artworks as a means to pull together the threads of recent history at Crusader Mill in order to form a cohesive counter-narrative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have designed an ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing system for 450 channels with a bit rate of 160 Gb/s per channel based on the high spectral efficient differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) modulation technique and investigated the performance of the system using different pulse shapes such as nonreturn-to zero, return-to-zero, carrier suppressed return-to-zero (CSRZ), modified duobinary return-to-zero and manchester, under the effect of various transmission impairments such as amplified spontaneous emission, group velocity dispersion, self-phase modulation and cross-phase modulation. Bit error rate (BER) and quality factor (Q-factor) have analyzed with variation in transmission distance and input power. It has also observed from the simulation results that the CSRZ pulse scheme serves the best performance in terms of BER and Q-factor due to its high tolerance towards linear and nonlinear effects. The maximum Q-factor of 14 dB and minimum BER of around 10− 13 have reported for CSRZ for a distance from 50 to 400 km. In the end, the eye diagrams for all the pulse shapes have compared under the influence of the combined effect of the above mentioned transmission impairments and found better eye-opening in CSRZ–DQPSK modulated system as compared to others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the question of whether, as is often popularly believed, there may be systematic linguistic differences between different neighborhoods within a city by testing the independence of "part of town" as a factor separate from social class in the north-force merger in Manchester, UK, in a sample of 122 speakers. The phonemic contrast is explored in minimal-pair tests, Cartesian distance, and Pillai scores. In opposition to most dialects of English, the north-force contrast is still present in Manchester, displaying a pattern of fine social stratification, with lower socioeconomic levels having a stronger distinction. The merger is in progress in the city, but it is slower in north Manchester, showing a significantly greater distinction than the rest of the city, independent of social class. The results indicate a degree of social evaluation of the vowels, with implications for the question of the social meaning of a merger in progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers an autoethnographic account of developing a multidisciplinary feminist local history project. In particular it focuses on the construction and delivery of a walking tour celebrating 'Manchester's Modernist Heroines'. These were ten women from Greater Manchester, UK, who achieved professional success in the twentieth century. The author evokes ideas of psychogeography and the dérive to produce a tour with collaboration, accessibility and public participation at the heart of its ethos. However the notion of a psychogeographical heritage tour is an oxymoron as the praxis resists essentialist notions of time and space. Additionally, the women featured did not have blue plaques, stately homes or any of the conventional badges of achievement. The focus instead was on resonances, echoes, connections and traces in the everyday landscape. Some, such as Marie Stopes, have a complex and deeply problematic legacy. Geographer Doreen Massey, born in Manchester and one of the subjects, provided inspiration with her progressive vision of space as a simultaneity of 'stories-so-far.' The traditional heritage tour became reconfigured as something overtly and proudly performative, participatory and fluid. The route and location contributions are anchored in is mutable, with content evolving as new stories are shared. The walk incorporates education, conversation, art and provocation. This is Feminist public pedagogy which uses the pedestrian to examine issues around commemoration, memory, gender and the right to the city. It utilises embodied creative walking methods to uncover the power dynamics that shape Manchester and offer an alternative way to view them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]