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The research aimed to 1) study the needs in developing indigenous history for diversity students in Northern Thailand, 2) develop indigenous history learning resources for diversity students in Northern Thailand through area-based participatory action learning of social studies pre-service teachers, and 3) distill learned lessons obtained from developing indigenous history learning resources through area-based participatory action learning of social studies pre-service teachers for diversity students in Northern Thailand. The methodology of the research was based on Participatory Action Research (PAR). The sample in the research consisted of 1) community leaders, monks, school administrators, folk philosophers, and youth representatives accounting for 22 people; 2) 10 social studies pre-service teachers; 3) 8 indigenous mural painters, making a total of 40 people. The instruments used in the research were 1) unstructured interview forms, 2) forms of synthesizing knowledge to moral creativity, 3) validity assessment forms of indigenous history data, and 4) focus group discussion recording forms. Qualitative data was analyzed based on content analysis and the presentation was in the form of descriptive analysis. Study results revealed that: 1) From the area-based action on the legend of Viang Malika and Phra Nang Malika from history in the educational sandbox of Chiang Mai province, it was found that the community has demand in terms of developing learning resources telling its indigenous history through the temple which is the common area in the community. The demand is to present indigenous history which is part of the historical development of the Lanna Kingdom in terms of business, politics, administration, education, religions, and the environment including women's roles as governesses or kings. This shows feminist concepts appearing on the page of indigenous history and reflects equality in stepping over physical limitations of the body (disability). The frame limiting gender is destroyed through the history of leaders and kings in indigenous history has influenced the development of the history of the historical development of the Thai local society up to the present time. 2) Developing indigenous history learning resources through area-based participatory action learning of social studies pre-service teachers for diverse students in Northern Thailand has brought about indigenous history learning resources integrating cooperation between universities, communities, temples, and schools. Indigenous history learning resources have been brought about, which helps promote quality learning management. And 3) From distilling learned lessons obtained from developing indigenous history learning resources through area-based participatory action learning of social studies pre-service teachers for diversity students in Northern Thailand, the important social studies competency of social studies pre-service teachers for 4 aspects were found. This is called the competency of area-based social studies learning or so-called "VCAP" consisting of 1) Value Domain, 2) Cognitive Domain 3) Affective Domain and 4) Psychomotor Domain, which helps promote occupational competency of pre-service teachers to be more efficient.

The objectives of the research at this time were to 1) study and construct the transformative learning innovation to develop competency in teaching social studies online and 2) study the results of transformative learning to develop competency in teaching social studies online of pre-service teacher students in Chiang Mai education sandbox. For research methodology, participatory action research (PAR) was used. The samples in the research consisted of 1) Staff of teachers teaching social studies (9 people); 2) Experts of learning management (5 people), and 3) Students taking the course of the social studies teaching methodology for Semester 1 of the 2021 academic year (43 people). Purposive sampling was used to get a total of 57 people. The instruments used in the research were 1) unstructured interview forms, 2) assessment forms of the suitability of the approach of organizing innovative transformative learning to develop competency in teaching social studies online, and 3) questions reflecting learning. Qualitative data were analyzed by using content analysis. The presentation was conducted in the form of descriptive analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed by using the statistical package to find the mean and standard deviation. The study results revealed that: 1. Regarding innovative transformative learning to develop competency in social studies online teaching, arrangements should be made for students to learn the methodology of social studies pedagogy in the form of hybrid learning. This will help students have teaching competencies in real classrooms(onsite) and virtual reality classrooms (online) efficiently. The approach to organizing learning innovation called area-based pedagogy had efficiency at the highest level and 2. The developed learning innovation helped develop teaching competencies of pre-service teacher students to be consistent with the Thai Qualifications Framework for Higher Education of digital competencies efficiently.

Due to the tumultuous COVID-19 pandemic, the use of advanced technology in language education is currently on the rise, with English education being no exception. Simultaneously, the advancement and expansion of technology provide English as a foreign language students with multiple channels and opportunities to reinforce the four skills of English (reading, writing, speaking, and listening) to varying degrees both inside and outside the classroom. While previous studies have highlighted the feasibility and sustainability of blended learning in facilitating English skills, few studies have investigated the impact of mobile blended active language learning (MBALL) on promoting the English critical reading skills of Thai high school students. In hopes of filling this gap, the present study used both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to investigate the effects of MBALL on improving Thai high school students' English critical reading skills and their opinions on the use of MBALL. Pre- and post-tests were used to compare the students' critical reading scores before and after the MBALL implementation. A questionnaire was used to determine the students' opinions on the use of MBALL, and individual semi-structured interviews were employed to obtain more-detailed information. The results of the tests revealed that the Thai high school students' English critical reading skills had improved after implementation of the MBALL curriculum. Furthermore, the findings of the questionnaire and interviews suggested that the Thai high school students were enthusiastic about the use of MBALL.

The objectives of this research were to (1) synthesize competency of digital citizenship and concepts of interdisciplinary community-based learning; and (2) propose guidelines of interdisciplinary community-based learning management for promoting digital citizenship of pre-service teachers in the Thai context. The research was qualitative research conducted by using content analysis according to the grounded theory to obtain study results according to the objectives. The study results were as follows: (1) The results of synthesizing competency of digital citizenship and concepts of interdisciplinary community-based learning revealed that digital competencies which led to digital citizenship were as follows: Digital Access, Digital Literacy, Digital Commerce, Digital Safety and Resilience, Digital Participation and Agency, Digital Emotional Intelligence, Digital Creativity and Innovation, Digital Communication, Digital Ethics, Digital Health, and well-being. For concepts of interdisciplinary community based learning through pedagogical approaches, they consisted of Academically Based community Service / Civic learning / Environmental Education / Placed-based Education / Service Learning / Work-based Learning/Tech Pre /Ethical Case Studies/Social Engagement/Discipline-Based Model Problem-based Learning / Capstone course (a short course emphasizing self-study from actual and complicated problems) /Service Internship / Youth Apprenticeship / Community-Based Action Research Model /Experience-Based Career Education Volunteerism / Pre-Service Teacher /Field Education / Independent Study Modal and 2. Guidelines of managing interdisciplinary community based learning for promoting digital citizenship of pre-service teachers in the Thai context revealed that important issues leading to interdisciplinary community based learning management consisted of Contextual Knowledge / Academic study /Citizenship/ Community-based Learning/ Interdisciplinary approach/ Environmental Education/ Experiential Learning / Lifelong Learning.

This paper presents social studies digital pedagogy innovation for social studies teachers for new normal Thaischooling. The purpose of this study is to enable social studies teachers to change teaching methods from traditional social studies teaching to social studies digital teaching. It also expands the area in the context of social studies more widely. Social studies pedagogy is transformative teaching for educating learners to understand human living as an individual and cohabitation in societies. Learners should be equipped with abilities to adapt themselves according to the environment, manage limited resources, understand changing development according to eras and various factors, understand themselves and other people, be patient and accept differences, have morals, and apply knowledge in living and development of digital citizenship. Social studies teachers are expected to apply such concepts suitably for the contexts and environment of new normal schooling. Teaching innovation is distinctive in the teaching and learning process with the focus on the learner as a maker. In this approach, digital technology is integrated with the teaching and learning process by selecting teaching methods, media, activities, and evaluation suitable for the contents. The methods and activities enhance learners to achieve objectives of teaching and learning as well to use students' learning performance for evaluating and developing their competencies.

The purpose of this research is to study learning management on sexual diversity in social studies through a case study on identity formation in the LGBT elderly. The sample included 12 LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) elderly people determined by the concept of age ranges or generations. This study is in the form of a qualitative study by using the methodology, autobiography, and storytelling of life history. The results of the study revealed that these LGBT elderly people developed or formed LGBT identity at their early age before entering to acceptance of LGBT. Most of them were aware that they had a sexual identity different from general people since they were young. Some of them accepted such identity and express it right away whereas some tried to hide it since it was unacceptable in their living societies. Then they sought knowledge by themselves through direct experience and from other people with the same sexuality. However, these LGBT people thought that education should take the role to educate about LGBT to understand LGBT people as well as others. Regarding learning management, the focus should be on the target group of teenage students by emphasizing understanding and awareness of right, liberty, and equality in genders and societies.

This research article deals with two objectives. The first objective was to develop the professional competence of social studies teacher in the education sandbox. The second objective was to propose social studies classroom-based action learning management innovation to develop professional competence of social studies teacher in the education sandbox and to assess satisfaction levels of students in developing professional competence of social studies teacher in the education sandbox. The conducted research in this article was classroom-based action research whereby the assessment form of area-based competence perception of educational students in Chiang Mai education sandbox, Faculty of Education, Chiang Mai University (pre- and post-assessment). The sample group used in the research consisted of senior educational students in the field of social studies of the second semester of the academic year 2020 accounting for 30 people. For the analysis, descriptive statistics were used. Results of statistical data analysis were shown as mean and standard deviation. From the research results, it was found that the level of perceived competence of becoming a professional teacher in Thailand education sandbox consisted of 3 aspects. 1) For the aspect of self-efficacy regarding knowledge and understanding in becoming a professional teacher, the average summation of the 4 competencies was as follows: the perception was at a high level. 2) For the aspect of skills and capacity in becoming a professional teacher in the Chiang Mai education sandbox, the average summation of 4 competencies was as follows: the perception was at a high level. 3) For the aspect of attitudes on becoming a professional teacher in the Chiang Mai education sandbox, the average summation of 4 competencies was as follows: the perception was at a high level.

The purposes of this research are: 1) to study the creative learning in social studies to promote productive citizenship of secondary school students; and 2) to design the guidelines for such learning. This research implements the methodology of action research, consisting of 8 samples: 1) 1 school principal and 2 social studies teachers; and 2) 5 learning management experts. The samples are chosen by the purposive sampling method. Research tools consist of 1) unstructured interview form; and 2) appropriateness assessment form for the guidelines of creative learning in social studies to promote productive citizenship of secondary school students. Methods of data analysis consists of content analysis, and descriptive analysis, in addition to calculation of the means and standard deviation. Study results revealed that: 1. Creative learning in social studies to promote productive citizenship of secondary school students consists of the development of 4 minds, including: 1) critical mind; 2) creative mind; 3) productive mind; and 4) responsible mind. And 2. The guidelines of creative learning in social studies to promote productive citizenship of secondary school students consist of 4 subjects and 8 learning management plans. The effectiveness of the guidelines in terms of the learning management was evaluated as excellent.

The research of creative learning for professional development of social studies students aims to study the basic information on creative learning management models for teacher professional development for Social Studies Program students. There are various ways to learn. The model that can be developed and applied to learners to develop the knowledge, skills and competencies necessary for the management of teaching and learning in the modern era to support learners and teachers in the rapid changing society, environment, economy and technology that have an impact on learning and teaching. The teachers who have a teaching method that can pass on or develop the learners is the first factor that generate the understanding between teachers and students. It is to understand the basic information of the local educational institutions. Therefore, this article provides basic information on creative learning management for teacher professional development for students studying in Bachelor's degree in Social Studies Program, Songkhla Rajabhat University, the local university where produces graduates serve to society and communities. Therefore, this article can create an understanding and a basis for further research work.

The objectives of this study are: 1) to study problems and the needs in community-based transdisciplinary learning for social studies teachers in the diverse school contexts, Northern of Thailand 2) to develop and find the efficiency of handbook of community-based transdisciplinary learning for social studies teachers in the diverse school contexts, Northern of Thailand and 3) to examine the implementation results of the handbook. This research is based on the research foundation of a mixed method in education research. The population involved in this study included 1) educational connoisseurship of area-based who are selected by means of purposive sampling, from not less than 5 persons and 2) social studies teachers in the Northern-region provinces of Thailand who are selected by means of accidental sampling, from not less than 334 persons. The research instruments are: 1) a questionnaire on problems and the needs in community-based transdisciplinary learning 2) an appropriateness assessment form on the handbook and 3) an evaluation form of teacher professional competence in community-based transdisciplinary learning. The qualitative data are analyzed and shown on content analysis and descriptive analysis. The quantitative statistics employed for data analysis are mean and standard deviation through statistical program. The research findings revealed as follows; 1) Problems and the needs: teacher professional competence needs to be improved in community-based transdisciplinary learning through 7 skills, namely; Integrated learning Management, Technology Integrated Learning, Integrating Ethics Learning, Community Resource Management, Transdisciplinary Innovation Integrated Learning, Creative Educational Measurement Design, and Competency of Networking skill. 2) The result of handbook development: "SOCIAL Action Learning Model", includes 6 steps, should be implemented in community-based transdisciplinary learning for social studies teachers. Due to the evaluation of the handbook, the result is at the highest level of appropriation ([x-bar]= 4.58, S.D. = 0.57). 3) The result of handbook using: the handbook of community-based transdisciplinary learning for social studies teachers found the evaluation result at a high level ([x-bar]= 3.96, S.D. = 0.89)

The purposes of this research were: (1) to study the requirements for the competency development of social studies pre-service teachers in the Chiangmai Education Sandbox Area; (2) to develop a manual for the competency development of social studies pre-service teachers in the Chiangmai Education Sandbox Area; and (3) to study the results of the Area-Based Approach to the transversal competency development of social studies pre-service teachers. The study was descriptive and included 64 participants in total: (1) 33 school administrators, supervisors, and teachers; and (2) 31 social studies pre-service teachers. A volunteer sampling method was used. The research instruments included: (1) a non-structured interview; (2) an assessment of the manual; and (3) an assessment of competency. In the data analysis, a content analysis was carried out and presented in description, and the quantitative data were analyzed to find means and standard deviation. The results of the study revealed the following: (1) the 4 main competencies schools require of the social studies pre-service teachers are: (1) content knowledge; (2) learning management; (3) engagement strategies; and (4) professional development; (2) a manual for the area-based approach was developed, consisting of 4 learning units in 4 steps referred to as the "AAAR Area-Based Approach". It was judged to be very appropriate and effective; and (3) the results of the assessment of the perception of the social studies pre-services teachers regarding the area-based competencies in the Chiangmai Education Sandbox Area was at the 'good' level.

The objective of this research is to: (1) explore historical background through a participatory workshop on the legend of Phra Nang Malika of Wiang Malika in Lanna; and (2) create indigenous history learning resources through mural painting and picture book, the legend of Phra Nang Malika, in Mae Ai Luang Temple Chiang Mai Province. The samples included the following: (1) 22 community leaders, monks, school administrators, teachers, village philosophers, and youth representatives; (2) 8 indigenous technologists; and (3) 5 learning management specialists. Purposive sampling was used to choose a total of 35 individuals. The instruments used in the research were an unstructured interview, a knowledge synthesis form to create murals, and a validity assessment form; and (4) a performance evaluation form for a picture book regarding indigenous history. Quantitative data were examined using statistical software to determine the mean and standard deviation. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis and presented in a descriptive format. The findings indicated that: (1) in Mae Ai district, the legend of Wiang Malika and Phra Nang Malika is a legacy of Chiang Mai Province, which is related to the history of Fang, and Phra Nang Sam Pew, which is connected to the Lanna Kingdom's historical growth. In terms of trade, politics, governance, and religion, for example, is considered the role of women as rulers or kings, which exemplifies the notion of feminism throughout history and influencing the development of the Lanna Kingdom's later age; and (2) the outcome of the development of learning resources on indigenous history through murals and picture book at Phra Nang Malika in Mae Ai Luang Temple, Chiang Mai Province, through "the Mahabowon Model of Social Studies Learning Network or CMUR Model" resulting in educational materials on indigenous history that integrate the cooperation of universities, communities, temples, and schools, resulting in high-quality knowledge of indigenous historical record. A summary of the indigenous history picture book is also included. The appropriate sampling value is most suitable ([x-bar]=4.57, SD=0.37).

The research aimed to study the context of area-based approach learning management and guidelines of area-based approach learning management for sustainable highland community resource management of social studies teachers in the learning center for Thai hill tribe communities in northern Thailand. The method of qualitative research was used. Purposive sampling was conducted to obtain key informants which were social studies teachers of the highland learning center, accounting for 285 people. This area is a development area of the royal project. Learning center for Thai hill tribe communities in northern Thailand have accessed to organize social studies teaching at the basic education level. The tools used in the research consisted of in-depth interviews and focus group discussion recording. Then, content analysis was conducted. From the research result, it was found that the context of area-based approach learning management for sustainable highland community resources management of social studies teachers consisted of: executing the process of area-based management by surveying and collecting village data to be used as knowledge in learning management for pre-school students and students of basic education and the illiterate; developing occupations for the interested group in communities; developing life skills by using the method of coordination with community leaders; building local networks; participating in meeting with the community; and exchanging information in order to inform people in the community of external exchanges. Regarding the use of area-based knowledge of social studies teachers, they have implemented the knowledge until this has brought about guidelines for promoting community resources management. For example, the community has participatory development plans. The community has networks of natural resources and environmental conservation and citizens have local conscience. Results of sustainable highland development are the fact that the community has strong power in conserving traditions, inheriting tribe cultures, establishing local herbal plants groups to take care of community health. Moreover, there are groups developing local products, building community declarations and regulations for living together in the community peacefully. The guidelines of area-based approach learning management for sustainable highland community resource management of social studies teachers consisted of 5 components which were FPCIL, namely (1) F: Facilitator, (2) P: Participatory assessment and planning, (3) C: Community capital value added, (4) I: Innovation of knowledge and (5) L: Lesson-learned.

The world is transforming into a post-digital society, as a result, people gain the freedom to communicate, share values and knowledge in a society without borders. The virtual world has become a social interaction space while being integrated to enhance the life quality of citizens in many organizations, such as online class management, health management, and poverty alleviation. From the current circumstances, numerous online users still lack responsibility in handling social media which can cause widespread impact. The study of the digital etiquette of world citizens in a new normal society will provide good practice for effective use of the online space in the digital world of global citizens.

The purpose of this article is to describe the formation of Miang resource management of the highland communities in the Upper Northern Thailand through design-based learning which is the mechanism to learning the management of the communities' resource for self-reliance derived from the solid and strong foundation of the communities. The method utilized in the quality research, collecting the information from the documentary study, participatory and non-participatory observation, and the deep interview with the community philosopher, and the data is analyzed by using the content analysis method. The research found that most of the highland communities in the Upper Northern Thailand located at the west of Phi Pan Nam Mountains have a lifestyle that connects with the participatory Miang resource management, have wisdom which is the innovation of design-based learning for self-reliance of the communities through the accumulating and the transfer of the knowledge from generation to a generation called "Miang Culture" which is created from the systematic design-based learning process through the wisely utilization of Miang resource existing in the community, and to cause the maximum sustainability based on the participation of the community without causing the trouble or breaching other's right.

The objectives of this research were divided into two phases: Phase 1: To synthesize and design learning activities based on the elderly philosophy for a happy life in Thai social context; the target group consisted of 8 key informants, 6 casual Informants, and 6 general informants; instruments used were an unstructured interview form, a non-participant observation form, and a diary form, data were analyzed by content analysis and thematically analysis. Phase 2: To study a learning model based on the elderly philosophy for a happy life in Thai social context, key informants consisted of 9 experts selected by purposive sampling, instruments used were a draft model and an evaluation form, data were analyzed by mean and standard deviation. The research results were as follows: Phase 1: The synthesis and designed results consisted of 4 aspects, 4 relationships, 4 developing dimensions, 5 standards, and 6 indicators in learning activities based on the elderly philosophy. Phase 2: The learning model based on the elderly philosophy for a happy life in Thai social context consisted of POCO&A+L(PAORS). The details were: a principle (P), an objective (O), conditions for achievement (C), operations and activities (O&A), and learning processes based on the elderly philosophy consisted of planning (P), action (A), organizing (O), reflection (R), and sustainability (S). The suitability and the possibility of the learning model were at the highest level (mean = 4.76 and 4.68) respectively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a synthesis of documents to study the role of the sangha organization. In Thai society, Buddhist monks are in one of the main national institutions and have taken roles and responsibility in education from the past to present. This study is based on the community cultural capital theory as the fundamental for educational management for developing the future society and community in 4 aspects: 1) sangha organization and education management, 2) cultural capital and lifelong education, 3) sangha organization and learning society, and 4) educational management on the cultural capital base. The study results are useful as guidelines for the concrete practical implementation in developing the quality of the community education. The applicable concepts are proposed for managing education effectively by basing on the existing cultural capital in the communities where the schools are situated for the highest benefits from the concrete development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aimed to study citizenship concepts and citizenship discourse process, and propose social studies process enhancing pro-active citizenship in the digital society. The study was conducted using a qualitative study design utilizing discourse analysis according to Michel Foucault's concept. Primary and secondary data were collected. Analysis of practical discourse of citizenship and analysis of social studies process to pro-active citizenship were implemented to propose social studies process enhancing pro-active citizenship. The findings from the study revealed that practical discourse of pro-active citizenship was produced from the powering of discoursed transmitted through the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, education policy to include policies on national economic and social development. The social studies process is using as a tool to enhance citizenship through teaching innovation of social studies to develop 3. dimensions of citizenship, i.e. dimension social, emotional dimension, and intellectual dimensions is driven through 3 levels of learning, namely 1) family level, 2) educational institution and educational personnel level, and 3) civil society level to promote citizens to have digital intelligence quotient, essential skills for pro-active citizenship, comprising 1) digital citizen identity, 2) privacy management, 3) cyberbullying management, 4) cybersecurity management, 5) screen time management, 6) critical thinking, 7) digital footprints, 8) digital empathy and 9) digital health & wellness skill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disruption of learning spaces for secondary school students in the digital age results in their learning disruption. Learning has developed significantly due to technological advancement, and online knowledge has considerably been improved. Meanwhile, field learning remains as an essential factor of skill development for secondary school students, and discovery of skills knowledge is not limited in the classroom. New methods and forms of learning for students are developed and provide for learning in digital era. Makerspace digital learning management of social studies constitutes learning space for self-discovery, in which learners will be prepared for real life in the digital era through what is smaller, albeit more motivational, than the classroom. Therefore, this article aims to present the innovation of Makerspace digital learning for social studies, in order to adjust the learning space to correspond with the real society in the digital era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corruption Literacy is an important characteristic required to develop citizens in the world society to bring about active citizenship with awareness of corruption problems. These problems have impacts on the social structure causing obstacles for competitiveness and broader impacts to occur if they are neglected without finding solutions timely. This article deals with synthesizing documents with objectives to present results of studying corruption problems in the Thai society and to present the concept of building active citizens through social studies pedagogy innovation in schooling. This requires the democratic society in promoting students' learning in order to bring about society in action and driving towards a safe society without crime, violence and corruption in digitalization of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the previous century, the preparation for global citizenship has proceeded rapidly, in order to adapt to social, technological, and environmental disruption. In this process, basic knowledge and skills necessary for citizenship of the digital world are determined. Since the world has become stable due to such preparation, the challenges of predicting the next century (2100 - 2199), such as studies of the next citizenship, and the revision of social studies pedagogy to next citizenship with respect to future changes of the post-digital society, prove to be interesting topics. This article presents the scenarios based on the projected future view of the next citizenship in the next century, in addition to the perspective of the possibilities in terms of the preparation of the next citizenship to tackle future changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]