Search

Background To assess the change in vision-related quality of life and psychosocial well-being of the patients with episcleritis and scleritis patients before and after treatment. Results This one-and-a-half-year prospective study was conducted among 76 eyes of 71 new patients of episcleritis and scleritis. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the visual and to analyze the change in effect size. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.536. Episcleritis was seen in 41 cases (57.7%) while scleritis was seen in 30 cases (42.3%). Patients with episcleritis had statistically significant improvement in general function score (GF) (p p Conclusions VisionRelated Quality of Life of patients with scleritis showed significant improvement following treatment unlike episcleritis indicating scleritis more adversely affecting psychosocial well-being.

Introduction Magnesium has been shown to have bronchodilator properties in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therapeutic benefits of nebulized magnesium in asthma has been seen. The purpose of this study was to compare therapeutic benefits of nebulised magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant with normal saline in patients with COPD exacerbation. MethodsIt was a randomized single blind interventional study of 172 cases of acute exacerbation of COPD presenting (AECOPD) with a peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR)

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem with increasing incidence worldwide in an epidemic form including Nepal. This chronic disease leads to many complications, hospital admissions and premature morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to study the cause and number of emergency visits and to evaluate the rate and duration of hospitalisation among diabetic patients who visit the emergency department Method: This was an observational cross-sectional study including 98 diabetic patients of >18 years presenting to emergency department of KIST medical college and teaching hospital between January 2020 to June 2020. The number and reason of emergency visits as well as number and duration of hospitalization was recorded in a semi structured proforma. The data entry was done in Microsoft Excel and analysis was done using the SPSS 24. Result: While 61 cases (62.2%) of this sample utilized the emergency department (ED) services in last 12 months’ period, 32.7% reported using ED once and 23.5% used 2-3 times and only 6% of the subjects had visited emergency more than 4 times within 12 months. Heart disease (18.1%) and infections (18.1%) were the most common reason for ED visit. There were 62 (63.3%) admissions from ED, 32.2% patients were hospitalized for 1-3 days, 50% were hospitalized for 3-7 days and 17.8% stayed for 1-2 weeks’ duration in the hospital. Conclusion: Majority of the diabetic patients had utilized ED more than once in past 12 months and the most common cause was found to be related to cardiac illness and infections. More than half of the diabetic patients visiting ED were admitted for mostly 3-7 days’ duration.

Introduction: Global pandemic of Novel corona virus (Covid 19) has become a public health emergency with multidimensional effect including education system. World has implemented physical distancing by “lockdown“strategy leading to disruption of normal routines of academic institutions. Medical students are bound to adapt web based online education system however; virtual teaching has both opportunities as well as challenges that needs to be explored for better medical education ahead. Methods: This is an observational cross sectional survey conducted on 9th batch MBBS 4th year students of KIST medical college and teaching hospital. The online survey was done by google form via emails and responses were complied on Microsoft database Excel program. Result: Out of 93 students 88(95.44%) responded comprising 63.6% female and 36.4% male. Among them 54.5% were from within the valley whereas 45.5% were from outside the valley. 26.1% found virtual teaching was very effective with several opportunities however 58% thought online classes were slightly effective. 65.9% found 45min duration is appropriate per session.. Conclusion: During the Covid pandemic, virtual online teaching has been alternative mode for continuity of medical education which can be attended from safe environment of home with proper utilization of time. Keywords: Covid19, Virtual Teaching, Medical Education, Challenges, Opportunities.

Introduction: Patients leaving against the advice of the treating team before being certified as fit is a major concern and challenge for the treating professionals as it possesses adverse medical outcomes. This study hence aimed at identifying the prevalence and major factors affecting such discharges so that advocacy can be done to help prevent it. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at emergency department of a tertiary center in Lalitpur from 15th May 2019 to 15th August 2019. All the patients visiting the emergency department were included in the study and a non-probability purposive sampling method was used excluding the patients who denied giving reasons for them leaving against medical advice. Data was collected using pre-structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS-v21 software. Results: A hundred and fifteen patients (4.08%) left against medical advice out of 2812 patients who presented to emergency department. There were 63 male patients (54.8%), 75 patients of the total patients in the age group of 15-44 years (65.2%) and those living within a distance of 1km from the hospital (53%). The most common reason for the patients leaving against medical advice was found to be due to financial constraint (38.3%) followed by preference to other hospitals (16.5%). Conclusion: Patients leaving against medical advice possesses a small percentage of actual hospital admissions but is still a major health concern as it drastically increases the morbidity, re-admission rates and total health-care costs. Hence, understanding the general characteristics and predictors of such discharges is of utmost importance to help improve the patient outcome and reduce the health-care costs.

Introduction: Pediatric injury is one of the common emergencies encountered in the emergency department. It is emerging as leading cause of death and disabilities in children. This study aims to analyze the patterns of pediatric injury based on age group, gender, mode, type, place of injury and its outcome. Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in Emergency Department of KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 1st May 2019 to 30th July 2019. A total of 110 patients aged 15 years and below and with history of trauma were included in this study. Results: A hundred and ten pediatric patients presented to emergency with injuries. Majority of pediatric trauma cases belonged to age group 1-5 years (38.2%, n=42) and more frequent in male children (66.4%, n=73) .In both gender, male (45.5%, n=50) and female (17.3%, n=19); fall was most common mode of injury followed by accidental cut injury (7.3%,n=8) in male and road traffic accident (6.4%,n=7) in female. Most of the cases sustained soft tissue injury (32.7%, n=36) followed by cut injury (26.4%, n=29) and fracture (16.4%, n=18). Common place of injury was found to be at home (64.5%, n=71). Majority were discharged (n=100; 90.9%), Nine (8.2 %) were admitted and one expired (0.9 %) expired. Conclusion: Fall injuries are the major mode of injury encountered in both male and female children. Injuries tend to occur more at home than school. Children should be adequately supervised at home and school. Keywords: Emergency department, Pediatric injury.