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LncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 has been reported to be upregulated and plays an oncogenic role in papillary thyroid cancer. However, analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset revealed MCM3AP-AS1 downregulation in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). This observation encouraged us to analyze the function of MCM3AP-AS1 in CSCC. The research subjects of the present study were 62 CSCC patients (42 to 68 years; 53.7 ± 6.8 years). Based on medical records, there were 51 HPV-positive cases of and 11 HPV-negative cases. Gene expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR. The interactions among MCM3AP-AS1, miR-21, and PTEN were explored by overexpression assays followed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. CCK-8 cell proliferation analysis and cell apoptosis analysis were applied to study the roles of MCM3AP-AS1, miR-21, and PTEN in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis in CSCC. We found that MC-M3AP-AS1 was downregulated in CSCC patients, and its low level was closely correlated with patients' poor survival. MCM3AP-AS1 could directly interact with miR-21. However, miR-21 overexpression failed to affect MCM3AP-AS1 expression. Interestingly, MCM3AP-AS1 overexpression decreased the expression of PTEN, which is a target of miR-21. Cell proliferation and apoptosis analysis showed that MCM3AP-AS1 and PTEN overexpression increased apoptosis but decreased proliferation of CSCC cells. MiR-21 overexpression played an opposite role and attenuated the effects of MCM3AP-AS1 overexpression. Therefore, MCM3AP-AS1 may regulate the miR-21/PTEN axis to regulate CSCC cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Carbon nanodots based on L-arginine (L-Arg) were developed for enhanced nitric oxide (NO) gas therapy for cancer. The L-Arg-based carbon nanodots (Arg-dots) produced high levels of NO in the tumor environment rich in endogenous H2O2. In vitro cell experiments revealed that the Arg-dots could kill tumor cells (including human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, female gastric cancer cell line BGC-823, male lung cancer cell line A549, and female leukemic cell line K562) but did not affect the activity of normal cells (human normal lung epithelial cell line BEAS-2B). The Arg-dots produced twice the amount of NO for an equivalent amount of L-Arg. Theoretical calculations showed that the carbonization structure of the Arg-dots promoted significantly more electrons toward the guanidinium groups of L-Arg and boosted the adsorption of H2O2 molecules. In vitro and in vivo investigations confirmed that the Arg-dots reduced the multidrug resistance (MDR) effect of the tumor cells (MCF-7/ADR cells) and produced a combined antitumor efficacy with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs (adriamycin [ADR]). The fluorescence property (quantum yield, 6.88%) allows the Arg-dots to be used as a suitable fluorescent probe for fluorescence imaging of tumor cells. The ultra-small size of the Arg-dots (diameter: ca. 2.5 nm) enables them not only to penetrate deep tumors and provide enhanced antitumor activity but also to be removed through kidney filtration and have a renal clearance property. Statement of significance Nitric oxide (NO), which serves as a biological messenger, can be used in gas therapy for cancer. The development of a safe and efficient NO cancer therapy is, however, challenging because of the low NO release amount and poor tumor specificity of most NO donors. Many efforts have been made to overcome these drawbacks, but solving both these limitations through a single approach has been seldom achieved. In the present work, carbon nanodots (Arg-dots) from L-arginine were used for gas therapy of cancer. The Arg-dots produced NO in the H2O2-rich tumor environment. Theoretical calculations were consistent with the mechanism of enhanced NO release amount. The Arg-dots also reduced the multidrug resistance effect in cancer chemotherapy. In vivo and in vitro toxicity assessments confirmed that the Arg-dots have excellent biosafety.

Carbon nanodots (CDs) have exhibited excellent sensing capability for various metal ions. However, it is difficult to determine the selectivity of CDs to metal ions. In this work, we chose appropriate carbon source to design CD sensors against Cu(II) and Ag(I). Glycine, histidine and leucine have been confirmed to form complexes with Cu(II) and Ag(I), and were applied to prepare CDs using microwave heating method. The as-prepared CDs inherited the specific ion-binding capability from their carbon source and could response to both Cu(II) and Ag(I). The response sensitivity corresponded to the binding energy between the carbon source and metal ions. These experimental results are very important for the further design of CD sensors for a large variety of analytes.

Carbon nanodots (CDs) have exhibited excellent sensing capability for various metal ions. However, it is difficult to determine the selectivity of CDs to metal ions. In this work, we chose appropriate carbon source to design CD sensors against Cu(II) and Ag(I). Glycine, histidine and leucine have been confirmed to form complexes with Cu(II) and Ag(I), and were applied to prepare CDs using microwave heating method. The as-prepared CDs inherited the specific ion-binding capability from their carbon source and could response to both Cu(II) and Ag(I). The response sensitivity corresponded to the binding energy between the carbon source and metal ions. These experimental results are very important for the further design of CD sensors for a large variety of analytes.

This paper first states the relationship between big data and cloud computing, as well as their advantages, then analyzes the importance of guaranteeing the network information security and the network information security problems under the environment of big data cloud computing, and finally makes exploration into the guaranteed measures for network information security under the environment of big data cloud computing, which lays a solid foundation for guaranteeing the network information security.

Adequate assessment of the level of organic acids (OA) in human urine is significant for non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of OA-related diseases. However, the common lock-and-key sampling method for specific OA analysis is dramatically perturbed by the complicated chemical components in urine. A comprehensive qualitative and quantitative analysis of OAs in urine samples remains a significant challenge. Herein, a cross-reactive fluorescent sensor array based on amino acid-functionalized carbon nanodots (CDs) was designed for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of seven kinds of OAs, including homovanillic acid (HVA), vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid (3-HA), lactic acid (LA), pyruvic acid (PA), glutaric acid (GA), and methylmalonic acid (MMA). The array system can specifically recognize multiple OAs in urine samples over a wide concentrations range (0.1–1000 μM) with 100% accuracy. The wide concentration range and high accuracy of the CD array system for OA analysis depend on a distinct fluorescence response from the differential binding affinity of various OAs to the CDs. The excellent recognition ability and selectivity of the sensing system were further confirmed by the double-blind and interference experiments. The sensor array achieved satisfactory distinguishing effects of separate OAs and binary OA samples (HVA/VMA) in urine samples. In particular, the quantitative analysis of the one-OA system or two-OA system (HVA/VMA) can be realized by the array system. These results confirm that the sensor array based on the CDs is an efficient platform for OA analysis and a convenient tool for the non-invasive diagnosis of OA-related diseases.

To explore whether cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor (CCKBRwt) gene and its alternative splicing variant preserving intron 4 (CCKBRi4sv) are expressed in human gastric carcinoma cell line and tissue, we detect mRNA expression of CCKBRwt and CCKBRi4sv in 30 gastric carcinoma and their corresponding normal tissues, 10 gastritis, and 2 autopsied normal stomach specimens as well as in a gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 cells by RT-PCR and sequencing. The results revealed that human normal, inflammatory, and malignant gastric tissues simultaneously expressed the classical and alternative splicing cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor genes. The alternative splicing variant contains the intron 4 of cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor gene.

During the time over which the data for a regional hydrogeocheimical survey are collected, the physical and chemical attributes of the ground-water flow regime may exhibit appreciable temporal variation. A case study is presented in which the temporal variance of many physical and chemical attributes of ground water at single locations was close to or even exceeded the spatial variance of concentrations measured over the region at a single point in time. Thus, the results of a multivariate analysis of the spatial variability could have led to incorrect inferences had the regional sampling not been done within a period of time that was short enough so that no appreciable temporal variation occurred. A methodology using both spectral and multi variate analyses was used in determining: (a) the window of time allowable in collecting the water samples so that the temporal variability of the attributes did not affect the spatial analyses, and (b) the dominant factors that explain the spatial variability of physical and chemical attributes at that particular period in time.

hCGR of plasm membrane isolated from gastric carcinoma was studied by Radioligand Receptor Assay. The results showed that there is hCGR on plasm membrane from gastric carcinoma, with straight line of scatchard plot, and LH can’t displace the (binding of125I-hCG to plasm membrane. Compared with controls normal gastric mucosae), hCGR is increased in adenocarcinoma and well-differentiated carcinoma, but not changed in mucoid and poorly-differentiated carcinoma; hCGR is increased in ulcarative type of gastric carcinoma, but not altered in fungating type. hCGR existence on plasm membrane from gastric mucosa and carcinoma suggests that hCG may have some effects on gastric mucosa and carcinoma.

To determine the relationship between double-contrast manifestation and 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT) of gastric carcinoma.Serum specimens were taken from 41 cases with gastric carcinoma documented by double-contrast visualization and pathology. 5'-NT activity was determined by spectrophotometry. 40 healthy subjects were recruited and studied as normal controls.The serum level of 5'-NT(1.14 u/ml) in gastric carcinoma group was lower than that of control group (2.60 u/ml) (P0.05). Anatomically, it was found that the 5'-NT level of gastric carcinoma gradually increased as the sites of the tumor lined up from the orifice (0.98 u/ml) to the antrum (1.28 u/ml) via the body (1.20 u/ml). 5'-NT of the ulcerative type (0.96 u/ml) was lower than that of the fungating type (1.12 u/ml) or the infiltrating type (1.40 u/ml). 5'-NT(1.53 u/ml) of stage IV gastric carcinoma was higher than that of stage 1 (0.83 u/ml), stage I (0.98 u/ml) and stage III (1.03 u/ml) (P0.05).The change of 5'-NT from gastric carcinoma was correlated with the site, type or stage shown on the double-contrast images of the tumor.

This study was conducted to explore whether cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor (CCKBRwt) gene and its alternative splicing variant (CCKBRi4sv) are expressed in human gastric carcinomas cell line and tissues, and to find out their relationship with the development and progression of human gastric carcinoma. The mRNA expression levels of CCKBRwt and CCKBRi4sv were detected in 30 human gastric carcinomas and normal tissues adjacent to cancer, 10 gastritis specimens, 2 autopsied normal stomach specimens as well as in a gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 cells. The results revealed that the transcripts of CCKBRwt and CCKBRi4sv were observed in all of the human gastric specimens tested, but only CCKBRwt was expressed in gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 cells. The expression levels of the two receptors were not correlated with the differentiation and metastases of gastric cancers. From the results, we infer that human gastric tissues simultaneously express CCKBRwt and CCKBRi4sv, and CCKBRi4sv may have unknown physiological functions in gastric epithelial cells.

To compare the expression patterns of cholecystokinin-B (CCK-B)/gastrin receptor genes in matched human gastric carcinoma and adjacent non-neoplastic mucosa of patients with gastric cancer, inflammatory gastric mucosa from patients with gastritis, normal stomachs from 2 autopsied patients and a gastric carcinoma cell line (SGC-7901), and to explore their relationship with progression to malignancy of human gastric carcinomas.RT-PCR and sequencing were employed to detect the mRNA expression levels of CCK-B receptor and gastrin gene in specimens from 30 patients with gastric carcinoma and healthy bordering non-cancerous mucosa, 10 gastritis patients and normal stomachs from 2 autopsied patients as well as SGC-7901. The results were semi-quantified by normalizing it to the mRNA level of beta-actin gene using Lab Image software. The sequences were analyzed by BLAST program.CCK-B receptor transcripts were detected in all of human gastric tissues in this study, including normal, inflammatory and malignant tissues and SGC-7901. However, the expression levels of CCK-B receptor in normal gastric tissues were higher than those in other groups (P0.05), and its expressions did not correlate with the differentiation and metastasis of gastric cancer (P0.05). On the other hand, gastrin mRNA was detected in SGC-7901 and in specimens obtained from gastric cancer patients (22/30) but not in other gastric tissues, and its expression was highly correlated with the metastases of gastric cancer (P0.05).Human gastric carcinomas and gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 cells coexpress CCK-B receptor and gastrin mRNA. Gastrin/CCK-B receptor autocrine or paracrine pathway may possibly play an important role in the progression of gastric cancer.

To investigate the effects of human gastric chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the growth of human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.MTT reduction assay was used to determine the cell growth and survival rates.Within the concentration range of 10(-11)-10(-6) mol/L, hCG could slightly stimulate the growth of gastric cancer cells but in a obvious time-dependent manner.hCG has slightly stimulatory effect on the proliferation gastric adenocarcinoma cells, suggestion that hCG may possibly play a role in regulation the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer.

To evaluate the effect of insulin and it's receptor on the kidney of rabbit with acute ischemic/reperfusion injury.Twenty three Japanese white rabbits were allocated randomly into the control group, ischemic/reperfusion group(IR group), and insulin treatment group(Ins-IR group). The IR group received clamping for 1 h followed by 2 h or 48 h of reperfusion. In the Ins-IR group, insulin injection (Ins 3U/kg, glucose 1.5 g/kg, K+ 4 mg/kg, Mg2+ 1.7 mg/kg) was administered intravenously twice a day for two days, whereas only normal saline in equal amount was given to the IR group and control group. At 2 h or 48 h after reperfusion, glucose and insulin in serum were determined. Rough plasma of renal tissue was prepared by repeated centrifugation. Insulin receptor in renal tissue was analyzed by radiologand binding assay. The binding data were calculated according to Scatchard using the ligand program. Statistical significance was analyzed with the paired t-test.The level of blood glucose increased after 2 h reperfusion in three groups, but the level in IR group increased much higher than those in control and Ins-IR groups(P0.05). The level of serum insulin of IR group after 2 h reperfusion was significantly higher than that of control (P0.05). Scatchard analysis showed curvilinear profiles, indicating that there are two classes of receptors with different affinity or the presence of a single class of receptors with a negative cooperative hormone-receptor interaction. Data analyzed by a two-site model showed that the values of Bmax1 (high affinity site), Bmax2 (low affinity site) and Kd1, Kd2 after 2 h reperfusion were significantly lower than those of control (P0.05). In IR-Ins group, only Bmax2 decreased (P0.05, compared with control). 48 h after IR there was no difference in Bmax1, Kd1 between the 3 groups, but Bmax2 of IR-Ins group was still lower than that of control (P0.001) and IR group (P0.05). The Kd2 of IR group increased (P0.05 compared with control and IR-Ins group).The results indicate that the effect of intrinsic insulin decreases during renal ischemic/reperfusion. The extrinsic insulin can protect renal tissue through its high affinity receptor. There exits down-regulation of low affinity receptor but none of high affinity receptor during insulin treatment.

To investigate the effects of CCK8 on protein kinase C activity in rat cerebral cortex.The cerebral cortex neurocytes were isolated and used as a model. The effects of CCK8, L-364, 718 and L-365, 260 on PKC activities were detected by using a non-radioactive method.CCK8 caused a detectable increase in PKC activity at 10(-11) mol/L, and a peak increase of PKC activity was observed at 10(-5) mol/L (about 4.5 U/mg protein). PKC activity was increased in dose-dependent manner by CCK8(10(-11)-10(-6) mol/L). The CCKB-selective receptor antagonist L-365, 260 with a higher efficiency, and the CCKA-selective receptor antagonist L-364, 718 with a lower efficiency were able to block a maximal effect of CCK8-induced PKC activation.CCK8 may regulate PKC activities in rat cerebral cortex through CCKB receptor.

To improve the accuracy and precision of the determination of bilirubin, especially direct bilirubin (DB), and the standardization of that as well.Purified conjugated bilirubin (Bc) and ditaurobilirubin(DTB) and their diazo products were subjected to absorption spectrum analysis. The diazo reaction characters of their calibration solutions were compared by the method of Doumas J-G(TBDB).Bc, DTB and their azopigments were found to have the similar absorption spectra with the same lambda max. Their TB standard curves almost superposed together all over. Although the slopes of their DB standard curves were not markedly different ((YBc = 0.00366X + 0.00933, rBc2 = 0.9977, P0.01; YDTB = 0.00391X + 0.00023, rDTB2 = 0.9987, P0.01; Pb1-b20.05, n1 = n2 = 5), the DB value measured for Bc differed from that for DTB(n = 5, P0.05). In addition, the calibrators made from Bc based different matrices, such as HSA, BSA and human serum, were significantly different in DB/Bc, but no difference was seen among the concentrations. Furthermore, the DB values determined for DTB or Bc increased linearly with the corresponding concentrations, respectively, with no difference between the slopes (YBc = 0.8300XBc + 1.9463, rBc2 = 0.9977, P0.01; YDTB = 0.8853XDTB-0.0251, rDTB2 = 0.9986, P0.01; n1 = n2 = 5, Pb1-b20.05).The results demonstrate that the diazo reaction characters of Bc are identified with those of DTB. However, under the condition of DB, Bc reacts differently from DTB. This study also indicates that as a calibrator of DB based human serum, Bc has the similar constant effect of HCl as serum samples do, so it is a more reliable calibrator to eliminate the matrix effects.