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In recent years, there have been numerous research activities related to the use of different herbal agents, especially those originating from chestnuts and garlic, as alternatives to synthetic growth promoters like antibiotics. Garlic and its active ingredients have been studied for their potential benefits, such as improving feed intake, production performance, rumen fermentation, and udder health. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of garlic polysulfides, including diallyl polysulfide and dipropyl polysulfide, on hematological and biochemical parameters in dairy cows, as well as their possible effect on subclinical mastitis therapy. Eighteen late lactation Holstein cows were divided into three numerically equal groups (n=6): CON (non-supplemented cows), ALL (supplemented with 1000 mg/day of diallyl polysulfide), and PRP (supplemented with 1000 mg/day of dipropyl polysulfide). Blood sampling for hematological and biochemical analyses as well as the California mastitis test (CMT) test were performed before and after the 15-day study. The results showed that garlic supplementation significantly increased blood leukocyte count and blood glucose concentration (p

In the scientific, theoretical, professional, and real-life contexts of the security system within a society, we have not yet had the opportunity to discuss its character-whether it is good or bad, strong or weak-and consider how its character and knowledge as its values will behave in a given situation. We also have not had the chance to recognize the knowledge in its products from the scientific literature as either its strength or weakness. In this paper, we explore how two fundamental elements of the security system, which determine its value, can be understood from the subject of the research. These elements define its resilience and weakness, its power, impotence, reputation, respect, or lack thereof, both internally and externally. We investigate the credibility and value of knowledge of the security system's products. The paper will offer insights into these elements by addressing several questions: What is a security system? What is the character of the security system? Is the security system responsible for its character? Is the knowledge embedded in the products of the security system the basis of its reputation? The research results show that Serbia's security system exhibits non-credible know.

It is known to the scientific, professional and lay public that the United States of America, after the terrorist act of September 11, 2001, which was carried out on its territory, designated Osama Bin Laden and Al Qaeda as the culprit. The subject of research in this paper is the financing of terrorism from the territory of the United States of America. The aim of the work is to provide reasoned, objective and systematized findings on the support of terrorist financing on the territory of the USA, through the activities of charitable organizations that collected money on its territory. Almost all basic analytical and synthetic methods of knowledge were applied in the preparation of the work, with an emphasis on analysis, synthesis, generalization and the inductive-deductive method. From the corpus of general scientific methods, the general scientific statistical and hypothetical-deductive method was applied in the research of the topic, and from the group of methods for data collection, the method of content analysis of available documents was used, that is, its technique of qualitative analysis of documents. Two results emerged from the research. One, which indicates that in the decades before the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Islamic charities in the United States developed donor networks, perfected techniques and covertly aided and financed terrorist groups and individuals, often with the tacit approval of American security organizations. Second, that just a few days after the terrorist attacks carried out on September 11, 2001, the President of the United States of America, with Executive Order 13224, designated a number of Islamic charitable organizations in the United States that covertly worked, supported and financed terrorism with funds collected from American citizens and organization.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) belongs to the most widely used group of thermoplastics. Most of the market for PVC products belongs to plasticized compositions. Plasticizers are the most demanded additives in the polymer industry. Environmental problems and the identified toxicity of the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) stimulate the restriction of its use and contribute to the development of alternative plasticizers. As a possible replacement for phthalates, esters of dicarboxylic acids are known to provide reduced toxicity and high frost resistance to the resulting compositions. In this regard, esters of dicarboxylic acids and ethoxylated alcohols were obtained and their compatibility with polyvinyl chloride was investigated. The plasticizing effect of the esters obtained was evaluated. The thermomechanical characteristics of PVC compositions containing the developed plasticizers were studied, the glass transition temperature was determined, and the areas of the glassy and highly elastic state of the plastics were identified. It was shown that the chemical structure of dicarboxylate used as a plasticizer determines the important technological and operational characteristics of the PVC plastics obtained. Dibutoxyethyl sebacate (DBES) has the best plasticizing effect among the synthesized esters. The expansion of the highly elastic state area for PVC samples containing this ester exceeded the industrial plasticizers DEHP and di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DOA). The indicators of the critical temperature of dissolution of PVC in the esters under study suggest ensuring their low migration from PVC plastics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are promising plasticizers of polyvinyl chloride due to their low toxicity and high biodegradability. Plasticized PVC materials containing them are characterized by high frost resistance and heat resistance. In this regard, esters of adipic acid and alkoxylated alcohols with various structures have been obtained. The influence of alcohol structure on the plasticizing ability of ether has been determined. A theoretical assessment of the plasticizing effect of diesters in relation to PVC was performed based on the calculation of Hansen solubility parameters. For this purpose, the thermodynamic compatibility of adipates with PVC was investigated. The processability of esters in the composition of PVC compositions was studied according to the values of the critical temperature of dissolution of PVC. The intervals of transition of plastics from a glassy to a highly elastic state, as well as the depression of the glass transition temperature of compounds containing adipates, were determined. Rheological characteristics of PVC compositions based on the obtained adipates were investigated. It is shown that the chemical structure of the alcohol group determines the important technological and operational characteristics of esters in the composition of polymer materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The EPA Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) 5.0 model was applied to determine the sources and characteristics of PM10 collected near the copper smelter in Bor, Serbia, from September 2009 to July 2010. For a better understanding of the industrial sources of PM10 pollution, the dataset was divided into four observation periods: heating season (HS), non-heating season (NHS), copper smelter in work (SW), and copper smelter out of work (SOW). The daily limit for the PM10 fraction of 50 μg/m3 was exceeded on one-sixth of days in the NHS, about half the days in the HS, and about one-third of days during the SOW and SW period. The nine different sources of PM10 were identified: fuel combustion, industrial dust, dust from tailings, storage and preparation of raw materials, secondary nitrate, Cu smelter, traffic, cadmium, and plant for the production of precious metals. The contribution of factors related to the activities in the copper smelter complex to the total mass of PM10 was 83.1%. When the copper smelter was out of work the contribution of all the factors related to PM10 pollution from the copper smelter to the total mass of the PM10 was 2.3-fold lower, 35.8%, compared with the period when the copper smelter was in work. This study is the first attempt to use PMF receptor modeling to determine the air pollution sources and their contribution to ambient air pollution in the city of Bor, Serbia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compounds used in the fashion industry effect the water bodies in the vicinity of textile factories, resulting in the visible coloration of surface water. Fe-doped graphite-based in house prepared electrodes were used in the Fenton- -like degradation of Reactive Blue 52 (RB52). The electrodes consisting of high-density graphite in three granulation sizes and three levels of Fe content were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The amount of Fe in the electrodes and H2O2 concentration in synthetic textile wastewater were optimized. Additionally, the size of graphite grains was varied to investigate whether it effects the degradation rate. Under only 10 min of electro-Fenton degradation, a system with 10 mmol dm-3 of H2O2 and an electrode made of 7 % of Fe and 70 μm of granulation size of graphite, degraded over 75 % of RB52, and over 99 % after 40 min of treatment. The obtained results indicate that the proposed approach could be beneficial in the field of novel materials for environmental application and that in house prepared carbon could be an excellent replacement for commercially available supports.

Forms of environmental protection in the Republic of Serbia, as a rule, include administrative, misdemeanor and criminal law protection. This paper deals with general considerations of criminal law protection of the environment, its significance and position in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Serbia, and the effects of the competent judicial and other bodies on its suppression. The research includes basic national legal standards in the field of criminal law protection of the environment and their chronological correlation. The paper contains an empirical research of statistical indicators within which the correlation of reported, accused and convicted persons (outcome of criminal proceedings) for crimes against the environment during the time period from 2006 to 2017 in the Republic of Serbia was investigated.