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Introducción: La adaptación al dolor crónico no oncológico se asocia al desarrollo de psicopatología y afectaciones de la personalidad, generando severidad, cronicidad, menor respuesta al tratamiento y agravándose ante la neuropatía. Objetivo: Identificar perfiles psicopatológicos y de personalidad en pacientes con dolor crónico nociceptivo y neuropático, y su relación con la evolución e intensidad del dolor. Método: Estudio transversal, descriptivo y comparativo, realizado en la Unidad de Tratamiento del Dolor del Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor, con reclutamiento aleatorio sistemático durante 25 meses; 115 pacientes fueron evaluados mediante la Escala de Hamilton para la Depresión y Ansiedad (HAM-D, HAM-A) y el Inventario Clínico Multiaxial de Millon III (MCMI-III). Resultados: El grupo neuropático obtuvo puntuaciones significativamente mayores en intensidad del dolor, sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa. Con más magnitud y frecuencia, relacionó la intensidad y evolución del dolor con sintomatología depresiva, ansiosa, síndromes clínicos y patrones de la personalidad. Ambos grupos revelaron tendencia al patrón de personalidad compulsiva, seguido del narcisista, histriónico y esquizoide. Conclusiones: En el tratamiento del dolor crónico, la presencia de distintos indicadores psicopatológicos requiere una estrategia individualizada.

Background: Vertigo is an uncommon symptom among acute stroke victims. Knowledge about the clinical profile, the brain location, and the early outcome in stroke patients with cerebrovascular diseases and vertigo remains limited. Objectives: In this study, the effects of vertigo on cerebral topography and early prognosis in cerebrovascular diseases were investigated. Methods: A comparative analysis in terms of demographics, risk factors, clinical characteristics, stroke subtypes, cerebral and vascular topography, and early outcome was performed between patients with presence or absence of vertigo on a sample of 3743 consecutive acute stroke patients available from a 24-year ongoing single-center hospital-based stroke registry. Results: Vertigo was present in 147 patients (3.9%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that variables independently associated with vertigo were: location in the cerebellum (OR 5.59, CI 95% 3.24–9.64), nausea or vomiting (OR 4.48, CI 95% 2.95–6.82), medulla (OR 2.87, CI 95% 1.31–6.30), pons (OR 2.39, CI 95% 1.26–4.51), basilar artery (OR 2.36, CI 95% 1.33–4.17), ataxia (OR 2.33, CI 95% 1.41–3.85), and headache (OR 2.31, CI 95% 1.53–3.49). Conclusion: The study confirmed that the presence of vertigo was not related with increased in-hospital mortality or poor prognosis at hospital discharge. Vertigo is mainly related to non-lacunar vertebrobasilar stroke with topographic localization in the cerebellum and/or brainstem.

El propósito de este estudio fue cuantificar la ventaja de jugar en casa en las ligas de hockey sobre patines masculina y femenina de la Primera división profesional portuguesa, comparando los resultados obtenidos según el sexo de los participantes. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 2.080 partidos de hockey sobre patines (n = 1.632 en la Primera división masculina y n = 448 en la Primera división femenina) entre las temporadas 2009-2010 y 2016-17. Los goles marcados y recibidos también fueron analizados según la localización del partido. Los resultados mostraron la existencia de la ventaja de jugar en casa tanto en la liga masculina como femenina. Los valores de la ventaja de jugar en casa fueron superiores al 50% en ambas ligas, con valores significativamente más altos en la liga masculina (60,88% comparado con 54,33%). Además, los resultados indicaron que los equipos anotan un mayor porcentaje de goles cuando juegan en casa sin encontrar diferencias significativas entre los sexos. En cuanto al número de goles marcados por partido, los resultados mostraron una diferencia significativa entre las divisiones masculinas y femeninas, con valores más altos para las ligas masculinas. Los resultados en relación con el sexo de los participantes están en consonancia con estudios previos realizados en otros deportes colectivos como fútbol o waterpolo. El análisis de la ventaja de jugar en casa podría ser útil para ayudar a los entrenadores de hockey sobre patines a decidir las alineaciones y a planificar las cargas de entrenamiento según la localización del partido. The purpose of this study was to quantify the home advantage in both men’s and women’s Portuguese professional division roller hockey leagues comparing the results obtained according to the sex of participants. The sample was composed of 2,080 roller hockey games (n = 1,632 in First men’s division; and n = 448 in First women’s division) between the 2009-2010 and 2016-17 seasons. Goals scored and received were also analysed when teams play at home. The results showed the existence of home advantage in both men’s and women’s leagues. Home advantage values were higher than 50% in both leagues, with significantly higher values in the male league (60.88% compared to 54.33%). Moreover, the results indicated that teams score a higher percentage of goals when playing at home with non-significant differences between sexes. Regarding to the number of goals scored per match, the results showed a significant difference between the male and female divisions, with higher values for men’s leagues. The results in relation to sex of participants are consistent with previous studies in other sports like football or water polo. The analysis of the home advantage could be useful to help roller hockey coaches to design alignments for each match and to plan the training loads according the match localization. O propósito desse estudo foi quantificar a vantagem de jogar em casa nas ligas masculina e feminina de hóquei sobre patins da Primeira divisão profissional portuguesa, comparando os resultados obtidos dependendo do sexo dos participantes. A amostra foi composta por 2088 partidas de hóquei sobre patins (n= 1.632 na Primeira divisão masculina e n= 448 na Primeira divisão feminina) entre as temporadas 2009-2010 e 2016-17. Os goles marcados e recebidos também foram analisados conforme a localização do partido. Os resultados mostram a existência de vantagem de jogar em casa tanto na liga masculina como na feminina. Os valores da vantagem de jogar em casa são superiores ao 50% em ambas ligas, com valores significativamente maiores na liga masculina (60,88% comparado com os 54,33% da feminina). Por além disso, os resultados indicam que as equipas anotam uma maior percentagem de golos quando jogam em casa, sem encontrar diferenças significativas entre ambos sexos. Em quanto ao número de goles marcados por jogo, os resultados mostram uma diferença significativa entre as divisões masculina e feminina, com valores mais altos na liga masculina. Os resultados em relação ao sexo dos participantes estão em consonância com estudos prévios realizados noutros desportos coletivos como o futebol ou o pólo aquático. A análise da vantagem de jogar em casa poderia ser útil para ajudar aos técnicos de hóquei sobre patins no momento de decidir as alienações e de planificar as cargas dos treinamentos dependendo da localização do jogo.

espanolAntecedentes: hay poca informacion sobre las caracteristicas clinicas tempranas del accidente cerebrovascular cardioembolico antes de los examenes complementarios. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los factores de riesgo, las caracteristicas clinicas y los resultados tempranos del accidente cerebrovascular cardioembolico. Metodos: estudio retrospectivo basado en datos recopilados prospectivamente disponibles de un registro de accidentes cerebrovasculares de un centro medico universitario en un hospital. Se seleccionaron pacientes consecutivos diagnosticados de infarto cardioembolico y se compararon con los diagnosticados de ictus aterotrombotico. Los predictores de infarto cardioembolico se evaluaron mediante analisis multivariante. Resultados:De una cohorte de 4597 pacientes consecutivos, estudiamos 956 pacientes diagnosticados de infarto cardioembolico (80 anos [desviacion estandar (DE) 9,14]; 63% mujeres) y 945 con infarto aterotrombotico (77,01 anos [DE 9,75]; 49,8% mujeres). El analisis comparativo univariado informo que la edad avanzada (≥ 85 anos), el sexo femenino, la fibrilacion auricular (FA), la cardiopatia isquemica y la insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva fueron significativamente mas frecuentes en el grupo cardioembolico, mientras que la hipertension, la diabetes, la enfermedad vascular periferica, el tabaquismo, la hiperlipidemia y el ataque isquemico transitorio previo fueron significativos en el grupo aterotrombotico. En el modelo de regresion logistica, FA (razon de posibilidades [OR] 15,75, intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%: 12,14-20,42), cardiopatia isquemica (OR 3,12, IC del 95%: 2,16-4,5), sexo femenino (OR 1,56, IC del 95%: 1,22-2,00), Conclusiones: El posible ictus cardioembolico requiere una evaluacion integral, ya que una clasificacion e identificacion precoces a traves de predictores mejoraria el manejo efectivo. (REV INVEST CLIN. 2021; 73 (1): 23-30) EnglishBackground: There is little information about the early clinical features of cardioembolic stroke before complementary examinations. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors, clinical features, and early outcomes of cardioembolic stroke. Methods: Retrospective study based on prospectively collected data available from a university medical center hospital-based stroke registry. Consecutive patients diagnosed with cardioembolic infarction were selected and compared to those diagnosed with an atherothrombotic stroke. Predictors of cardioembolic infarction were assessed by multivariate analysis. Results: From a cohort of 4597 consecutive patients, we studied 956 patients diagnosed with cardioembolic infarction (80 years [standard deviation (SD) 9.14]; 63% women) and 945 with atherothrombotic infarction (77.01 years [SD 9.75]; 49.8% women). The univariate comparative analysis reported that advanced age (≥ 85 years), female gender, atrial fibrillation (AF), ischemic heart disease, and congestive heart failure were significantly more frequent in the cardioembolic group, whereas hypertension, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, heavy smoking, hyperlipidemia, and previous transient ischemic attack were significant in the atherothrombotic group. In the logistic regression model, AF (odds ratio [OR] 15.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.14-20.42), ischemic heart disease (OR 3.12, 95% CI: 2.16-4.5), female gender (OR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.22-2.00), and sudden-onset (OR 1.97, 95% CI: 1.54-2.51), were independent significant predictors of cardioembolic stroke. Conclusions: Potential cardioembolic stroke requires a comprehensive evaluation, since early classification and identification through predictors would improve effective management. (REV INVEST CLIN. 2021;73(1):23-30)

Background Physical fitness is considered an important indicator of health in adolescents. However, in recent years several studies in the scientific literature have shown a considerable lower trend and an alarming worsening of the current adolescents’ physical condition when comparing with previous decades, especially in urban populations. The aim of the current study was to analyse the temporal trend in cardiorespiratory endurance (CRE) in urban Catalan adolescents over a 20-year period (1999–2019). Methods A cross-sectional analysis study considering the 20-m Shuttle Run test (SRT) results obtained in the last 20 years was carried out. 1,701 adolescents between 15 and 16 years old (914 boys and 787 girls) were divided into four groups, corresponding to consecutive periods of five years (Group 1: 1999–2004; Group 2: 2005–2009; Group 3: 2010–2014 and Group 4: 2015–2019). ANOVA was used to test the period effect on CRE and post hoc Bonferroni analysis was performed to test pairwise differences between groups (p < 0.05). Results Results showed a significantly lower performance in CRE in both sexes. The percentual negative difference was 0.67%, 9.6% and 7% for boys and 5.06%, 14.97% and 9.41% for girls, when comparing the performance in 20-m Shuttle Run test for the first period, respectively. Conclusions Results suggest that the physical fitness of Catalan urban adolescents is lower in both sexes when comparing the different analysed periods of time. Therefore, CRE adolescents should be improved in order to help to protect against cardiovascular disease and other health risks in adulthood.

This paper presents a procedure for the determination of seven nitrophenols (NPs) in water and soil samples using stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) by means of a thermal desorption unit (TDU). Microwave assisted extraction (MAE) is proposed to release the NPs from the soil matrices into an aqueous phase, prior to their acetylation. The different variables affecting the preconcentration efficiency of SBSE, during both the adsorption and the thermal desorption steps, are studied. As regards the analytical characteristics of the method, the accuracy was measured through recovery studies, re covery percentages in all cases being in the 79–120% range, as well as by analyzing a certified reference ma terial. The precision was evaluated in terms of relative standard deviation, which provided values lower than 15% for both repeatability and reproducibility. The limits of detection were between 0.001 and 0.031 µg L−1 for water and 0.020–0.107 ng g−1 for soil samples. When environmental samples of different origins were analyzed, contents in the 0.01–1.0 µg L−1 and 0.7–40 ng g−1 ranges were obtained for waters and soils, respectively.