Search

Echinacea purpurea is cultivated around the world due to its unique pharmacological effects. The aerial parts of the plant, especially its flowers, contain a wide variety of beneficial bioactive substances. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different nutrient applications on the growth parameters, essential oil yield, and compounds of Echinacea purpurea L. Moench in Afyonkarahisar/Turkey. The experiment was conducted over a 3-year period (2016-18), including four experimental treatments (F0: control, F1: 75 kg ha-1 N; F2: 150 kg ha-1 N; and F3: 75 kg ha-1 N + foliar fertilizer). As a general result of five cuttings, F2 and F3 had a positive effect on agronomic yield. F2 and F3 recorded the highest plant height (91 and 90 cm, respectively) and yields for fresh bud (578 and 543 kg ha-1), dry bud (118 and 112 kg ha-1), fresh flower (8,595 and 7,449 kg ha-1), dry flower (2,021 and 1,745 kg ha-1), fresh herb (32,645 and 29,291 kg ha-1), dry herb (8,746 and 7,745 kg ha-1) and essential oil (4.55 and 3.57 L ha-1). Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the most abundant chemical group compound of E. purpurea essential oil. Germacrene D (20.4-50.6%) was the predominant constituent, recording its maximum level in F1. Other major compounds were β-pinene, β-myrcene, α-humulene, δ-cadinene, spathulenol, and α-cadinol. The application of 150 kg ha-1 N as well as the combined use of 75 kg ha-1 N and foliar application of macro and micro elements resulted in the highest agronomic yield and essential oil production. © 2022 Universidad de Concepcion. All rights reserved.

Satureja (Lamiaceae) species are aromatic plants used to produce essential oil and aromatic water in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, and Satureja cilicica P.H. Davis is an endemic species for Turkey. This study was conducted to determine the effects of diurnal variability on essential oil (EO) content and components of Satureja cilicica in the Ermenek district/Turkey in 2021. During the day, four different harvest times were considered as follows: 7:30 and 10:30 a.m., 01:30 and 4:30 p.m. at the flowering stage. The aerial parts of harvested plants were dried in the shade. The greatest and least EO contents of S. cilicica aerial parts were obtained at 4:30 p.m. (0.61%) and 1:30 p.m. (0.32%), respectively. The results of the analysis revealed that the major components of essential oils of S. cilicica are p-cymene (19.24-40.04%), carvacrol (16.42-29.59%), thymol (10.04-19.34%), γ-terpinene (4.92- 12.94 %) and linalool (4-42-6.53%). In this study, it was determined that the best harvest time for optimum essential oil content and chemical properties was the cool hours of the day.

Çalışma 2005–2006 yıllarında Bitlis ilinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma ile Bitlis’te geniş alanlarda yetiştiriciliği yapılan yem bitkilerindeki zararlı ve yararlı böcek türlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sörvey sonucunda yem bitkilerinde Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, ve Lepidoptera takımlarına bağlı 19 familyadan 46 zararlı tür ile Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera ve Raphidioptera takımlarına bağlı 4 familyaya ait 12 yararlı böcek türü saptanmıştır. Yonca hortumluböceği, Hypera variabilis (Herbest, 1975) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)’in bütün yem bitkileri alanlarında bulunduğu ve ana zararlı olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bu türün mayıs ayı ortası ile haziran ayı sonu arasında en büyük zararı yaptığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca Sitona concavirostris Hochhuth, 1851 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Camptopus lateralis (Germar, 1817) (Hemiptera: Alydidae), Nezara viridula (L.), Dolycoris baccarum (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) ve Therioaphis trifolii (Monell, 1882) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) türlerine tüm sörvey alanlarında rastlanmış ve yer yer bu türlerin de ciddi zararlara neden oldukları görülmüştür. Coleoptera takımına bağlı Coccinellidae, Hemiptera takımına bağlı Pentatomidae, Miridae, Nabidae, Hymenoptera takımına bağlı Tenthredinidae ve Diptera takımına bağlı Syrphidae familyalarına Bitlis ili genelinde rastlanmıştır. Doğal dengede önemli etkileri bulunan Coccinella septempunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)’nın faydalı türler içinde en yüksek yoğunluğu gösteren tür olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer faydalı türlerden Adonia variegata (Goeze, 1777) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Nabis ferus (L.) (Hemiptera: Nabidae), Eupeodes (=Metasyrphus) corollae (Fabricius, 1794), Melanostoma mellinum L. ve Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Syrphidae) yaygın ve sık olarak görülmüştür., This study was carried out in the forage crops planting areas in Bitlis province, between 2005 and 2006. The aim of this study was to determine the harmful and beneficial insect species in forage crops cultivated in large areas in Bitlis, Turkey. As a result of the surveys 46 harmful species belonging to 19 families from order Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and 12 beneficial species belonging to 4 families from order Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera and Raphidioptera were determined. Hypera variabilis (Herbest, 1975) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was found to be the most harmful among all forage crops planting areas. It was also found that this species show the worst harm between in the middle of may and at the end of june. Sitona concavirostris Hochhuth, 1851 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Camptopus lateralis (Germar, 1817) (Hemiptera: Alydidae), Nezara viridula (L.), Dolycoris baccarum (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776) and Therioaphis trifolii (Monell, 1882) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were also found in all areas of the survey and determined to cause serious harms at times. Coccinella septempunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) which play an important role in the natural balance emerged the highest density among the beneficial species. Adonia variegate (Goeze, 1777) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Nabis ferus (L.) (Hemiptera: Nabidae), Eupeodes (=Metasyrphus) corollae (Fabricius, 1794), Melanostoma mellinum L. and Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Syrphidae) which are other beneficial species were found widespread.

Plants of the Lamiaceae family are rich in polyphenolic compounds, anda large number are well known for their antioxidant properties. In the presentstudy, the essential oils of six species were evaluated for their chemicalcomposition and antioxidant activity.The species used inthe present study were namely Origanum dubium, Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, Thymbraspicata, Thymus sipyleus, Satureja cilicica and Ziziphora clinopodioides, respectively. The essential oilcontents for Origanumdubium was4.6%, for Origanumvulgare subsp. hirtum 3.4%,Thymbra spicata 1.28%, Thymus sipyleus 1.78%, Satureja cilicica 1.64% and for Ziziphora clinopodioides was 0.35%. Theessential oils compositions were determined by GC-MS. Major identifiedcomponents were carvacrol for O. dubium, O. vulgare subsp. hirtum, and T. spicata; α-pinene for T. sipyleus; and borneol for Z. clinopodioides. Total phenoliccontents of essential oils have a very high equivalent amount compared togallic acid, however, low radical scavenging properties

TEZ11153 Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2018. Kaynakça (s. 209-228) var. xx, 236 s. : res. (bzs. rnk.), tablo ; 29 cm. Bu çalışmada Ermenek yöresinde doğal olarak yetişen kekik türlerinin kültüre alınarak agronomik ve kimyasal bileşenlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada Ermenek Bölgesinde toplanan 4 adet Origanum dubium, 1 adet Origanum husnucan-baserii, 4 adet Origanum saccatum, 2 adet Origanum vulgare subspsp. hirtum, 3 adet Satureja cilicica, 4 adet Thymbra spicata ve 7 adet Thymus sipyleus örneği materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Deneme 2014, 2015 ve 2016 yıllarında 3 yıl süreyle Ermenek Meslek Yüksekokulu bahçesinde, 2015 ve 2016 yıllarında 2 yıl süreyle Çukurova Üniversitesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü Araştırma Alanında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada bitki boyu (cm), bitkideki dal sayısı (adet/bitki), yeşil herba verimi (g/bitki), kuru herba verimi (g/bitki), kuru yaprak verimi (g/bitki), uçucu yağ oranı (%) ve uçucu yağ bileşenleri (%) belirlenmiştir. In this study, it was aimed to determine the agronomic and chemical components of thyme species grown naturally in Ermenek region by taking culture. In the study, collected in Ermenek Region, 4 Origanum dubium 1 Origanum husnucan-baserii, 4 Origanum saccatum, 2 Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, 3 Satureja cilicica, 4 Thymbra spicata and 7 Thymus sipyleus samples were used as material. The trial was carried out in 2014, 2015 and 2016 for 3 years in the garden of Ermenek Vocational School and in 2015 and 2016 for 2 years in the Research Field of the Field Crops Department of Çukurova University. In the study, plant height (cm), number of branches (number / plant), green herb yield (g / plant), dry herb yield (g / plant), dry leaf yield (g / the essential oil components (%) were determined. Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: 2F2011020.

In this study, the parasitoids of Monosteira lobulifera Reuter (Tingidae Hemiptera), which causes serious damage to almond trees, were investigated in Mardin Province between 2009 and 2011. As a result of the study, the egg parasitoid Erythmelus (Paralellaptera) teleonemiae (Subba Rao, 1984) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), which was hatched from eggs of M. lobulifera, was determined as a first record for the Turkish fauna., 2009-2011 yılları arasında yürütülen bu çalışmada Mardin ili badem ağaçlarında önemli zararlara yol açan Monosteira lobulifera Reuter (Tingidae Hemiptera)nın parazitoitleri araştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda M. lobulifera nın yumurtalarından çıkan yumurta parazitoiti Erythmelus (Paralellaptera) teleonemiae (Subba Rao, 1984) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) Türkiye faunası için yeni kayıt olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important and complex nutrients for the crop plants especially for grain yield and quality. Field trials were carried out in 2007-08 and 2008-09 growing years to investigate response of six oat cultivars (Seydisehir, Apak, Yesilkoy-330, Amasya, Checota and Yesilkoy-1779) to three N rates (0, 10 and 20 kg da-1) for agronomical traits. In the research the traits such as panicle number per m-2 (PN m-2), plant height (PH), grain number per panicle (GNP), grain weight per panicle (GWP), 1000-grain weight (1000-GW), grain yield (GY), biomass (BY) and harvest index (HI) were investigated. Results indicate that agronomical traits significantly differed for the years, cultivars and N rates, except PH for cultivars. Among the cultivars, Checota had the highest GWP, 1000-GW and GY (3.12 g, 38.5 g and 259.6 kg da-1 respectively), while Seydisehir had the highest PN m-2 and BY (543 PN m-2 and 1666 kg da-1 respectively). Investigated traits were gradually increased with increasing of nitrogen rates. Checota cultivar had the highest GY, while Seydisehir cv. had the highest BY at 20 kg da-1 N rate

WOS: 000309306500005 In a two-year study, 196 Turkish oat landraces and 3 standard cultivars ('Checota', 'Faikbey' and 'Seydisehir') were evaluated for morphological traits: germination rate, stem diameter, upper inter-node length, plant height, flag leaf width, flag leaf length, single plant biomass, lodging severity and barley yellow dwarf virus, and for phenological traits: vegetative period, grain filling period and, days to maturity. According to two years' data, all traits differed for years except germination rate. Genotypes varied for upper inter-node length, stem diameter, plant height, flag leaf width, vegetative period, grain filling period and days to maturity. In addition, year x genotype interaction was significant for stem diameter, flag leaf width, vegetative period, grain filling period and days to maturity. Traits such as flag leaf length, flag leaf width, days to maturity, vegetative period, single plant biomass and germination rate were more promising ones as selection criteria. However, lodging severity, plant height, barley yellow dwarf virus, upper inter-node length and grain filling period were more important for negative selection. Results indicate that, El A56, E7, E55, A17, E38, A40, A63, A25, A69, A26, A83, A1, A2, K11. K9, K3, K53, K30, K1 K2, K7, K5, K8, K48 and K4 were some of the genotypes in the right quadrants of the biplot with vegetative period, days to maturity, flag leaf width, flag leaf length, germination rate, single plant biomass and stem diameter traits. Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [TOVAG 106 O 583] This study was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK). Project Code: TOVAG 106 O 583, 2007.

The aim of this study was to determine Tingidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) fauna in Diyarbakır, Mardin and Elazığ provinces. This study was conducted between 2009 and 2011. In the study, visual inspection and shaking method were used to determinate of tingids. Two species namely Tingis seidenstueckeri Péricart and Tingis sinuaticollis Puton are new records for the Turkish fauna among the total 23 species in the Region., Bu çalışma Diyarbakır, Elazığ ve Mardin illerindeki Tingidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) faunasını saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. 2009-2011 yılları arasında yürütülen çalışmada tingidlerin tespiti için gözle kontrol ve darbe yöntemi uygulanmıştır Çalışma sonucunda iki tür (Tingis seidenstueckeri Péricart, T. sinuaticollis Puton) Türkiye için yeni kayıt olmak üzere, toplam 23 tür belirlenmiştir.

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important and complex nutrients for the crop plants especially for grain yield and quality. Field trials were carried out in 2007-08 and 2008-09 growing years to investigate response of six oat cultivars (Seydisehir, Apak, Yesilkoy-330, Amasya, Checota and Yesilkoy-1779) to three N rates (0, 10 and 20 kg da-1) for agronomical traits. In the research the traits such as panicle number per m-2 (PN m-2), plant height (PH), grain number per panicle (GNP), grain weight per panicle (GWP), 1000-grain weight (1000-GW), grain yield (GY), biomass (BY) and harvest index (HI) were investigated. Results indicate that agronomical traits significantly differed for the years, cultivars and N rates, except PH for cultivars. Among the cultivars, Checota had the highest GWP, 1000-GW and GY (3.12 g, 38.5 g and 259.6 kg da-1 respectively), while Seydisehir had the highest PN m-2 and BY (543 PN m-2 and 1666 kg da-1 respectively). Investigated traits were gradually increased with increasing of nitrogen rates. Checota cultivar had the highest GY, while Seydisehir cv. had the highest BY at 20 kg da-1 N rate.

TEZ8982 Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2012. Kaynakça (s. 143-150) var. xviii, 151 s. : res. ; 29 cm. In this study, Tingidae (Hemiptera) species and their parasitoids and predators in agricultural and non-agricultural areas of Diyarbakır, Mardin and Elazığ provinces and the biology of Monosteira lobulifera Reuter and population development of Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey) and M. lobulifera which cause serious damage on poplar, willow and almond respectively. This study was conducted between 2009 and 2011. In the study, visual inspection and shaking method were used to monitor the population development and to determination of tingids and predator species; culture process is applied to determination of parasitoids. The biology of M. lobulifera examined at 25 1 C temperature, 65 l 5% RH and 16:8 (L: D) illumination under laboratory conditions. As a result of the study, a total of 23 tingid species belonging to 12 genera were determined. namely, Tingis seidenstueckeri Pricart and Tingis sinuaticollis Puton, are first records for Turkish fauna. It was determined that the most abundant tingid species in the working area was M. unicostata on almond (Prunus amygdalus Batsch), willow (Salix sp.) and poplar (Populus sp.) trees, by the 41,90 %. 19 species belonging to Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), 2 species belonging to Anthocoridae (Hemiptera), 1 species belonging to Lygaeidae (Hemiptera), 2 species belonging to Miridae (Hemiptera), 1 species belonging to Nabidae (Hemiptera), 1 species belonging to Chrysopidae (Neuroptera), 1 species belonging to Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) and 2 unidentified species belonging to Erythraeidae (Acarina) families were determined as natural enemies of tingids. Egg parasitoid Erythmelus (Paralellaptera) teleonemiae (Subba Rao) (Hymenoptera; Mymaridae) which hatched from eggs of M. lobulifera was determined as first record for Turkish fauna. Bu çalışmada Diyarbakır, Mardin ve Elazığ illerinde tarım ve tarım dışı alanlardaki ağaçlarda bulunan Tingidae (Hemiptera) familyasına bağlı türler ve bu türlerin parazitoit ve predatörleri ile zararı önemli görülen türlerden Monosteira lobulifera Reuter'nın biyolojisi ve M. lobulifera ile Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant Rey)'nın popülasyon gelişimi belirlenmiştir. 2009-2011 yılları arasında yürütülen çalışmada tingidler ve avcı türlerin tespiti ile popülasyon gelişiminin takibi için gözle kontrol ve darbe yöntemi; parazitoitlerin tespiti için ise kültüre alma i şlemi uygulanmıştır. M. lobulifera'nın biyolojisi 25l1 C sıcaklık, % 65l5 orantılı nem ve 16:8 (A:K) aydınlatmalı laboratuvar koşullarında incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda 12 cinse bağlı toplam 23 tingid türü tespit edilmiştir. Bu türlerden Tingis seidenstueckeri Pricart ve Tingis sinuaticollis Puton Türkiye faunası için yeni kayıt niteliğindedir. Badem (Prunus amygdalus Batsch), söğüt (Salix sp.) ve kavak (Populus sp.) ağaçlarında tespit edilen M. Unicostata tüm çalışma alanında ortalama % 41,90 bulunma oranı ile bulunma oranı en yüksek tingid türü olarak belirlenmiştir. Tingidlerin doğal düşmanı olarak Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) familyasına ait 19, Anthocoridae (Hemiptera) familyasına ait 2, Lygaeidae (Hemiptera) familyasına ait 1, Miridae (Hemiptera) familyasına ait 2, Nabidae (Hemiptera) familyasına ait 1, Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) familyasına ait 1, Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) familyasına ait 1 ve Erythraeidae (Acarina) familyasına bağlı teşhisi yapılamayan 2 tür tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda M. lobulifera'nın yumurtalarından çıkan yumurta parazitoidi Erythmelus (Paralellaptera) teleonemiae (Subba Rao) (Hymenoptera; Mymaridae) ülkemiz faunası için yeni kayıt olmakla birlikte M. lobulifera için tespit edilen ilk yumurta parazitoitidir. Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: ZF2009D44.

Bu çalışmada Diyarbakır, Mardin ve Elazığ illerinde tarım ve tarım dışı alanlardaki ağaçlarda bulunan Tingidae (Hemiptera) familyasına bağlı türler ve bu türlerin parazitoit ve predatörleri ile zararı önemli görülen türlerden Monosteira lobulifera Reuter'nın biyolojisi ve M. lobulifera ile Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey)'nın popülasyon gelişimi belirlenmiştir.2009-2011 yılları arasında yürütülen çalışmada tingidler ve avcı türlerin tespiti ile popülasyon gelişiminin takibi için gözle kontrol ve darbe yöntemi; parazitoitlerin tespiti için ise kültüre alma işlemi uygulanmıştır. M. lobulifera'nın biyolojisi 25±1 ºC sıcaklık, % 65±5 orantılı nem ve 16:8 (A:K) aydınlatmalı laboratuvar koşullarında incelenmiştir.Çalışma sonucunda 12 cinse bağlı toplam 23 tingid türü tespit edilmiştir. Bu türlerden Tingis seidenstueckeri Péricart ve Tingis sinuaticollis Puton Türkiye faunası için yeni kayıt niteliğindedir. Badem (Prunus amygdalus Batsch), söğüt (Salix sp.) ve kavak (Populus sp.) ağaçlarında tespit edilen M. unicostata tüm çalışma alanında ortalama % 41,90 bulunma oranı ile bulunma oranı en yüksek tingid türü olarak belirlenmiştir.Tingidlerin doğal düşmanı olarak Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) familyasına ait 19, Anthocoridae (Hemiptera) familyasına ait 2, Lygaeidae (Hemiptera) familyasına ait 1, Miridae (Hemiptera) familyasına ait 2, Nabidae (Hemiptera) familyasına ait 1, Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) familyasına ait 1, Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) familyasına ait 1 ve Erythraeidae (Acarina) familyasına bağlı teşhisi yapılamayan 2 tür tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda M. lobulifera'nın yumurtalarından çıkan yumurta parazitoidi Erythmelus (Paralellaptera) teleonemiae (Subba Rao) (Hymenoptera; Mymaridae) ülkemiz faunası için yeni kayıt olmakla birlikte M. lobulifera için tespit edilen ilk yumurta parazitoitidir.M. lobulifera'nın 25±1 ºC sıcaklık ve % 65±5 orantılı nem koşullarında yumurtlama periyodu boyunca dişi başına bıraktığı ortalama yumurta sayısı 89,79±45,90 adet ve yumurtaların açılma oranı % 76,92 olarak saptanmıştır. Ortalama yumurta açılma süresi 9,39±0,81 gün; ergin öncesi gelişme süreleri beş nimf dönemi için sırasıyla ortalama 2,10±0,35; 1,93±0,34; 1,83±0,30; 2,06±0,30; 2,83±0,33 gün; nimf ölüm oranları beş nimf dönemi için sırasıyla % 7,32; % 15,78; % 3,12; % 3,22; % 0,00 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Dişi ve erkek yaşam süreleri sırasıyla 27,51±7,58 ve 23,82±8,15 gün; preovipozisyon, ovipozisyon, postovipozisyon süreleri sırasıyla 4,55±1,05; 20,93±7,16; 2,03±1,59 gün olarak tespit edilmiştir. Dişi:erkek oranı 0,87 (% 46,67):1,00 (% 53,33) olarak belirlenmiştir.Çalışmada bademlerde önemli zararlara yol açtığı tespit edilen M. lobulifera'nın Merkez ve Yeşilli ilçelerinde (Mardin) bademde yüksek düzeyde, Çermik ilçesinde (Diyarbakır) ise düşük düzeyde popülasyon oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kavak ve söğütlerde önemli zararlara yol açan M. unicostata'nın Merkez ve Mazıdağı ilçelerinde (Mardin) hem kavak hem de söğüt üzerinde yüksek düzeyde popülasyon oluşturduğu saptanmıştır. In this study, Tingidae (Hemiptera) species and their parasitoids and predators in agricultural and non-agricultural areas of Diyarbakır, Mardin and Elazığ provinces and the biology of Monosteira lobulifera Reuter and population development of Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey) and M. lobulifera which cause serious damage on poplar, willow and almond respectively.This study was conducted between 2009 and 2011. In the study, visual inspection and shaking method were used to monitor the population development and to determination of tingids and predator species; culture process is applied to determination of parasitoids. The biology of M. lobulifera examined at 25 ± 1 º C temperature, 65 ± 5% RH and 16:8 (L: D) illumination under laboratory conditions.As a result of the study, a total of 23 tingid species belonging to 12 genera were determined. namely, Tingis seidenstueckeri Péricart and Tingis sinuaticollis Puton, are first records for Turkish fauna. It was determined that the most abundant tingid species in the working area was M. unicostata on almond (Prunus amygdalus Batsch), willow (Salix sp.) and poplar (Populus sp.) trees, by the 41,90 %.19 species belonging to Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), 2 species belonging to Anthocoridae (Hemiptera), 1 species belonging to Lygaeidae (Hemiptera), 2 species belonging to Miridae (Hemiptera), 1 species belonging to Nabidae (Hemiptera), 1 species belonging to Chrysopidae (Neuroptera), 1 species belonging to Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) and 2 unidentified species belonging to Erythraeidae (Acarina) families were determined as natural enemies of tingids. Egg parasitoid Erythmelus (Paralellaptera) teleonemiae (Subba Rao) (Hymenoptera; Mymaridae) which hatched from eggs of M. lobulifera was determined as first record for Turkish fauna.In the study, during the oviposition period M. lobulifera females laid an average 89,79±45,90 eggs per female and egg hatching ratio was 76,92 %. M. lobulifera completed egg hatching 9,39±0,81 day. The development periods of nymphs for five stages were found 2,10±0,35; 1,93±0,34; 1,83±0,30; 2,06±0,30 and 2,83±0,33 days respectively. The mortality rate of nymphs for five stages were found 7,32 %; 15,78 %; 3,12 %; 3,22 % and 0,00 % respectively. Adult female and male longevity 27,51±7,58 and 23,82±8,1 days were found respectively. Preoviposition, oviposition and postoviposition periods in 4,55±1,05; 20,93±7,16 and 2,03±1,59 days respectively at 25±1 ºC and 65±5 % RH. Female:male ratio was found as 0,87 (46,67 %):1,00 (53,33 %).In the study, the adult population density of M. lobulifera that causes serious damage on almond showed high level in Merkez and Yeşilli (Mardin) district and showed low level in Çermik district (Diyarbakır). The adult population density of M. unicostata that causes serious damage on poplar and willow trees showed high level both poplar and willow in Merkez and Mazıdağı (Mardin). 171

In this study, 196 Turkish oat landraces and three standard cultivars (Checota, Faikbey and Seydişehir) were evaluated for grain yield, yield components and some quality traits for two years. Based on two years experiment data, all investigated traits were significantly different for years, except panicle length and protein ratio. Genotypes varied for grain number per panicle, grain weight per panicle, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, groat percentage and protein ratio. However, year x genotype interaction was only important for grain yield, groat percentage and protein ratio. According to the investigated traits, grain yield, grain weight per panicle and 1000-grain weight traits were more promising than grain number per panicle, panicle length, groat percentage, protein ratio, tiller number per plant and panicle number per m2. These results indicate that, E35, E39, E21, E34, E13, A16, E17, E37, E26, A27, A9, A10, E20, A79, E19, E56 A59, K13, K43, A19, E47, K7, K4, K3 and A7 were some of the genotypes with higher grain yield, 1000-grain weight and grain weight per panicle.

Bu araştırma, yulaf çeşitlerinin azotlu gübrelemeye tepkisinin tane verimi, azot kullanımı ve verim özellikleriyle ilgili karakterler bakımından incelenmesi amacı ile 2007-2008 ürün yılında Kahramanmaraş Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü arazisinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada 6 adet yulaf çeşidi (Seydişehir, Apak, Yeşilköy-330, Yeşilköy-1779, Amasya ve Checota) ve 3 adet azot dozu (0, 10 ve 20 kg) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma faktöriyel düzenleme yapılarak tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür.Çeşitler arasında; verim ve verim özelliklerinden; metrekaredeki salkım sayısı (MSS), salkım uzunluğu (SU), salkımdaki tane sayısı (STS), salkımdaki tane ağırlığı (STA), bin tane ağırlığı (BTA), biyolojik verim (BV), tane verimi (TV) ve hasat indeksi (Hİ) bakımından önemli ölçüde farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Tane verimi ve biyolojik verim, Checota (214.56 kg/da) ve Yeşilköy-330 (1940.55 kg/da) sırasıyla en yüksek değerleri oluşturmuşlardır. Çeşitler azot kullanımıyla ilgili özelliklerden; çiçeklenme dönemindeki azot içeriği (ÇDNİ), fizyolojik olgunluk dönemi azot içeriği (ODNİ), taneye azot birikimi (TNB), azottan yararlanma etkinliği (NYE), azot kullanım etkinliği (NKE), azot taşınma etkinliği (NTE) ve azot hasat indeksi (NHİ) bakımından da önemli ölçüde farklı bulunmuştur.Azot dozları arasındaki farklılıklar; BB, MSS, STS, STA, BTA, BV, TV, ÇDNİ, TNİ, TNB, NYE, NKE, NTE ve NHİ özellikleri bakımından önemlim bulunmuştur. En yüksek tane verimi ve biyolojik verim 20 kg/da azot dozunda elde edilmiştir.Çeşit X azot dozu interaksiyonu; MSS, STS, STA, BV, ODNİ, TNİ, TNB gibi özellikler bakımından önemli bulunmuştur. This research was carried out at 2007-2008 crop year, in the field of Kahramanmaraş Agricultural Research Institute to investigate the response of oat cultivars to nitrogen fertilization by grain yield, nitrogen use and yield traits. In the experiment six cultivars (Seydişehir, Apak, Yeşilköy-330, Yeşilköy-1779, Amasya and Checota) with 3 nitrogen levels (0, 10 and 20 kg) were used. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with 3 replications.The differences among the cultivars were significantly for yield and yield traits, panicle per squaremeter (PN/m2), panicle length (PL), grain number per panicle (GN/P), grain weight per panicle (GW/P), 1000-grain weight (1000-GW), biomass (B), grain yield (GY) and harvest index (HI). For grain yield and biomass, Checota (214.56 kg/da) and Yeşilköy-330 (1940.55 kg/da) had the highest values, respectively. Cultivars were also significantly different for nitrogen use traits; nitrogen content at flowering (NCF), nitrogen content at maturity (NCM), nitrogen accumulation in grain (NAG), nitrogen utilization efficiency (UTE), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), nitrogen remobilization efficiency (NRE) and nitrogen harvest index (NHI).The differences among nitrogen levels were significant for Plant height (PH), PN/m2, GN/P, GW/P, 1000-GW, B, GY, NCF, grain N content (GNC), NAG, UTE, NUE, NRE and NHI. The highest grain yield and biomass was obtained from 20 kg/da nitrogen level.The interactions between cultivar X nitrogen level were significantly different for traits such as PN/m2, GN/P, GW/P, B, NCM, GNC and NAG. 61

Çalışma 2005?2006 yıllarında Bitlis Merkez ve Güroymak, Ahlat, Tatvan, Hizan, Mutki veAdilcevaz ilçeleri yem bitkileri ekiliş alanlarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışma ile Bitlis'te genişalanlarda yetiştiriciliği yapılan yem bitkilerindeki yararlı ve zararlı böcek türlerinin belirlenmesiamaçlanmıştır.Surveyler sonucunda yem bitkilerinde Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, Homoptera,Lepidoptera takımlarına bağlı 19 familyaya ait 46 zararlı ve Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Diptera veRaphidioptera takımlarına bağlı 4 familyaya ait 12 yararlı böcek türü saptanmıştır. Yonca hortumluböceği Hypera variabilis Herst. (Col.: Curculionidae)'in bütün yem bitkileri alanlarında ana zararlıolduğu gözlenmiştir. Bu türün en büyük zararı Mayıs ortası ile Haziran sonu arasında yaptığı tespitedilmiştir. Ayrıca Sitona sp. (Col.: Curculionidae), Camptopus lateralis Germ. (Hem.: Alydidae).Nezara viridula L, Dolycoris baccarum L.(Hem.: Pentatomidae), Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris veTherioaphis trifolii Monell (Hom.: Aphididae) türlerine tüm survey alanlarında rastlanmış ve yeryer ciddi zararlara neden oldukları görülmüştür. Doğal dengede önemli etkileri bulunan Coccinellaseptempunctata L. (Col.: Coccinellidae) faydalı türler içinde en yüksek yoğunluğu göstermiştir.Diğer faydalı türler Adonia variegata Goeze (Col.: Coccinellidae), Nabis ferus L. (Hem.: Nabidae),Eupeodes (=Metasyrphus) corollae F., Melanostoma mellinum L. ve Sphaerophoria rueppelliiWied. (Dip.: Syrphidae) türleri yaygın ve sık olarak görülmüştür. Coleoptera takımına bağlıCoccinellidae, Hemiptera takımına bağlı Pentatomidae, Miridae, Nabidae, Hymenoptera takımınabağlı Tenthredinidae ve Diptera takımına bağlı Syrphidae familyalarına Bitlis ili genelinderastlanmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Bitlis, yem bitkileri, zararlı türler, yararlı türleri This study was carried out in the forage crops planting areas in Güroymak, Ahlat, Tatvan,Hizan, Mutki and Adilcevaz, which are towns of Bitlis, in 2005-2006. This study has been made todetermine the harmful and useful species in food planting which is done in wide areas of Bitlis.As a result of the surveys 46 harmful species belonging to 19 families from OrderColeoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, Homoptera, Lepidoptera and 12 beneficial speciesbelonging to 4 families from Order Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Diptera and Raphidioptera weredetermined. Hypera variabilis Herst. (Col.: Curculionidae) was found to be the most harmfulamong all food planting. It was also found that this sepecies do the worst harm in the middle ofMay and at the end of June. Sitona sp. (Col.: Curculionidae), Camptopus lateralis Germ. (Hem.:Alydidae). Nezara viridula L., Dolycoris baccarum L. (Hem.: Pentatomidae), Acyrthosiphon pisumHarris and Therioaphis trifolii Monell (Hom.: Aphididae) were also found in all areas of the surveyand determined to cause serious harms at times. Coccinella septempunctata L. (Col.: Coccinellidae)which play an important role in the natural harmony emerged the highest density among thebeneficial species. Adonia variegate Goeze (Col.: Coccinellidae), Nabis ferus L. (Hem.: Nabidae),Eupeodes (=Metasyrphus) corollae F., Melanostoma mellinum L. and Sphaerophoria rueppelliiWied. (Dip.: Syrphidae) which are other beneficial species were found widespread. Coccinellidaewhich belongs to Coleoptera order, Pentatomidae, Miridae, Nabidae which belongs to Hemipteraorder, Tenthredinidae which belongs to Hymenoptera order and Syrphidae family which belongs toDiptera order were found in Bitlis province.Key Words: Bitlis, forage crops, harmful species, beneficial speciesiii 60

Origanum husnucan-baserii is an endemic species naturally found in Ermenek district of Karaman and Antalya. This study was carried out to determine the agronomic and chemical components of the O. husnucan-baserii, which grows naturally in Ermenek (South of Turkey). The experiment was carried out in the garden of Ermenek Vocational School for 3 years in 2014, 2015 and 2016, and in the research areas of Field Crops Department of Cukurova University for 2 years in 2015 and 2016 (O. husnucan-baserii plant grown in Adana vegetation could not be harvested in the first trial year (2014), since flowering did not occur). O. husnucan-baseri grown in Ermenek, 3-year plant height is between 79.00-74.61 cm, average 74.61 cm, the number of branches between 29.07-27.14 units/plant, average 28.29 units/plant, fresh herbage weight between 731.5-233.7 g/plant, average 463.40 g/plant, dry herbage weight between 344.3-84.14 g/plant, average 193.31 g/plant, dry leaf weight between 163.60-34.30 g/plant, average 83.70 g/plant, essential oil ratio between 0.92-0.16 %, the average was determined as 0.63%. The main component of the essential oil, p-cymene, was obtained as 81.29% in the first year, 81.39% in the second year and 66.62% in the third year. The plant height of the plants grown in Adana is between 84.67-61.57 cm, the average is 73.12 cm, the number of branches is between 37.00-25.71 units/plant, the average is 31.36 units/plant, the fresh herbage weight is between 304.33-190.90 g/plant, the average is 247.62 g/plant, dry herbage weight between 113.66-80.43 g/plant, average 97.05 g/plant, dry leaf weight between 72.00-31.40 g/plant, average 51.70 g/plant and essential oil ratio between 1.26-0.98%, the average was determined as 1.12%. The rate of p-cimen, the main component of the essential oil, was determined as 69.52% in the first year and 76.38% in the second year. Some characteristics such as plant height, fresh and dry grass weights were higher in Ermenek than Adana results. In terms of essential oil content, plants cultivated in Adana had higher values. In this case, it would be more appropriate to choose a region according to the purpose of cultivation.

WOS:000905312300021 Glaucosciadium cordifolium is distributed in Central Anatolia, the Mediterranean region and Northern Cyprus. It has been used in traditional medicine as an aphrodisiac. In the present study the essential oil content, oil components and antioxidant properties of G. cordifolium plant collected from the natural location were determined. It was observed that the essential oil content and oil components obtained from fresh and dry plant parts differed. The highest essential oil ratio (1.40%) was obtained from the dried leaf, while the lowest ratio (0.15%) was obtained from the fresh stem. Analysis results showed that the main components of the essential oil were 1-phellandrene (9.23-34.08%), α-pinene (10.23-31.95%), dl-limonene (10.39-22.21%) and cis-ocimine (6.84-12.45%). In addition, some of these main components were higher in dry plant parts, while others were higher in fresh plant parts. In terms of antioxidant properties, higher values were obtained in dry plant parts as well as in the essential oil ratio. While the maximum radical scavenging activity values (32.70%) were obtained in the dry stem, the lowest value (16.63%) was obtained in fresh leaves. © 2022 Bangladesh Botanical Society. All rights reserved.

Objective: Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) is largely cultivated and commercialized in several countries to produce peppermint oil and its medicinal compounds, cosmetic products and food purposes.1,2 In this study, the influence of different dying methods on essential oil content and composition of peppermint was determined. Material and Methods: The plants were dried separately in the sun, shadow and oven at 38oC for 48 h. The dry material was then submitted to hydro distillation in order obtain to essential oil. The chemical composition of essential oil from the flowering aerial part of peppermint analyzed by GC/MS. Results: Plant height (22.7 - 31.8 cm), fresh (750-992 kg da-1) and dry herbage yield (245 - 351 kg da-1) were measured. The highest essential oil content (3.68 %) was obtained from shadow drying method, the lowest value (2.78 %) was obtained from drying under sun. The major compounds (menthone and menthol) showed no sharp difference among the three drying methods. Conclusion: The drying method affected strongly the essential oil composition of dry peppermint. © 2017, Association of Pharmaceutical Teachers of India. All rights reserved.

In this study, 196 Turkish oat landraces and three standard cultivars (Checota, Faikbey and Seydisehir) were evaluated for grain yield, yield components and some quality traits for two years. Based on two years experiment data, all investigated traits were significantly different for years, except panicle length and protein ratio. Genotypes varied for grain number per panicle, grain weight per panicle, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, groat percentage and protein ratio. However, year x genotype interaction was only important for grain yield, groat percentage and protein ratio. According to the investigated traits, grain yield, grain weight per panicle and 1000-grain weight traits were more promising than grain number per panicle, panicle length, groat percentage, protein ratio, tiller number per plant and panicle number per m(2). These results indicate that, E35, E39, E21, E34, E13, A16, E17, E37, E26, A27, A9, A10, E20, A79, E19, E56 A59, K13, K43, A19, E47, K7, K4, K3 and A7 were some of the genotypes with higher grain yield, 1000-grain weight and grain weight per panicle.

WOS:000330091000018 Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important and complex nutrients for the crop plants especially for grain yield and quality. Field trials were carried out in 2007-08 and 2008-09 growing years to investigate response of six oat cultivars (Seydisehir, Apak, Yesilkoy-330, Amasya, Checota and Yesilkoy-1779) to three N rates (0, 10 and 20 kg da(-1)) for agronomical traits. In the research the traits such as panicle number per m(-2) (PN m(-2)), plant height (PH), grain number per panicle (GNP), grain weight per panicle (GWP), 1000-grain weight (1000-GW), grain yield (GY), biomass (BY) and harvest index (HI) were investigated. Results indicate that agronomical traits significantly differed for the years, cultivars and N rates, except PH for cultivars. Among the cultivars, Checota had the highest GWP, 1000-GW and GY (3.12 g, 38.5 g and 259.6 kg da(-1) respectively), while Seydisehir had the highest PN m(-2) and BY (543 PN m(-2) and 1666 kg da(-1) respectively). Investigated traits were gradually increased with increasing of nitrogen rates. Checota cultivar had the highest GY, while Seydisehir cv. had the highest BY at 20 kg da(-1) N rate. Scientific Research Council of Kahramanmaraş Sütcü İmam University Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University [2007/4-6]