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2. Divergent SARS-CoV-2 variant emerges in white-tailed deer with deer-to-human transmission

Author

Pickering, Bradley, Lung, Oliver, Maguire, Finlay, Kruczkiewicz, Peter, Kotwa, Jonathon D., Buchanan, Tore, Gagnier, Marianne, Guthrie, Jennifer L., Jardine, Claire M., Marchand-Austin, Alex, Massé, Ariane, McClinchey, Heather, Nirmalarajah, Kuganya, Aftanas, Patryk, Blais-Savoie, Juliette, Chee, Hsien-Yao, Chien, Emily, Yim, Winfield, Banete, Andra, Griffin, Bryan D., Yip, Lily, Goolia, Melissa, Suderman, Matthew, Pinette, Mathieu, Smith, Greg, Sullivan, Daniel, Rudar, Josip, Vernygora, Oksana, Adey, Elizabeth, Nebroski, Michelle, Goyette, Guillaume, Finzi, Andrés, Laroche, Geneviève, Ariana, Ardeshir, Vahkal, Brett, Côté, Marceline, McGeer, Allison J., Nituch, Larissa, Mubareka, Samira, and Bowman, Jeff

Published
2022
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3. Large scale analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease reveals marginal presence of nirmatrelvir-resistant SARS-CoV-2 Omicron mutants in Ontario, Canada, December 2021-September 2023.

Author

Duvvuri, Venkata, Shire, Fatima, Isabel, Sandra, Braukmann, Thomas, Clark, Shawn, Marchand-Austin, Alex, Eshaghi, Alireza, Bandukwala, Hina, Varghese, Nobish, Ye Li, Sivaraman, Karthikeyan, Hussain, Hadia, Cronin, Kirby, Sullivan, Ashleigh, Aimin Li, Zygmunt, Austin, Ramotar, Karam, Kus, Julianne, Hasso, Maan, and Corbeil, Antoine

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 treatment, DATABASES
Abstract

Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a new oral antiviral called nirmatrelvirritonavir (PaxlovidTM) was authorized for use in Canada in January 2022. In vitro studies have reported mutations in Mpro protein that may be associated with the development of nirmatrelvir resistance. Objectives: To survey the prevalence, relevance and temporal patterns of Mpro mutations among SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages in Ontario, Canada. Methods: A total of 93,082 Mpro gene sequences from December 2021 to September 2023 were analyzed. Reported in vitro Mpro mutations were screened against our database using in-house data science pipelines to determine the nirmatrelvir resistance. Negative binomial regression was conducted to analyze the temporal trends in Mpro mutation counts over the study time period. Results: A declining trend was observed in non-synonymous mutations of Mpro sequences, showing a 7.9% reduction (95% CI: 6.5%--9.4%; p<0.001) every 30 days. The P132H was the most prevalent mutation (higher than 95%) in all Omicron lineages. In vitro nirmatrelvir-resistant mutations were found in 3.12% (n=29/929) Omicron lineages with very low counts, ranging from one to 19. Only two mutations, A7T (n=19) and M82I (n=9), showed temporal presence among the BA.1.1 in 2022 and the BQ.1.2.3 in 2022, respectively. Conclusion: The observations suggest that, as of September 2023, no significant or widespread resistance to nirmatrelvir has developed among SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants in Ontario. This study highlights the importance of creating automated monitoring systems to track the emergence of nirmatrelvir-resistant mutations within the SARS-CoV-2 virus, utilizing genomic data generated in real-time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Publisher Correction: Divergent SARS-CoV-2 variant emerges in white-tailed deer with deer-to-human transmission

Author

Pickering, Bradley, Lung, Oliver, Maguire, Finlay, Kruczkiewicz, Peter, Kotwa, Jonathon D., Buchanan, Tore, Gagnier, Marianne, Guthrie, Jennifer L., Jardine, Claire M., Marchand-Austin, Alex, Massé, Ariane, McClinchey, Heather, Nirmalarajah, Kuganya, Aftanas, Patryk, Blais-Savoie, Juliette, Chee, Hsien-Yao, Chien, Emily, Yim, Winfield, Banete, Andra, Griffin, Bryan D., Yip, Lily, Goolia, Melissa, Suderman, Matthew, Pinette, Mathieu, Smith, Greg, Sullivan, Daniel, Rudar, Josip, Vernygora, Oksana, Adey, Elizabeth, Nebroski, Michelle, Goyette, Guillaume, Finzi, Andrés, Laroche, Geneviève, Ariana, Ardeshir, Vahkal, Brett, Côté, Marceline, McGeer, Allison J., Nituch, Larissa, Mubareka, Samira, and Bowman, Jeff

Published
2023
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9. Prenatal hepatitis B screening, and hepatitis B burden among children, in Ontario: a descriptive study

Author

Biondi, Mia J., Marchand-Austin, Alex, Cronin, Kirby, Nanwa, Natasha, Ravirajan, Vithusha, Mandel, Erin, Goneau, Lee W., Mazzulli, Tony, Shah, Hemant, Capraru, Camelia, Janssen, Harry L.A., Sander, Beate, and Feld, Jordan J.

Subjects
Child health -- Management, Medical care utilization -- Evaluation, Hepatitis B -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Company business management, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Ontario is 1 of 5 provinces that immunize adolescents for hepatitis B virus (HBV), despite the World Health Organization recommendation for universal birth dose vaccination. One rationale for not vaccinating at birth is that universal prenatal screening and related interventions prevent vertical transmission. The aims of our study were to evaluate the uptake and epidemiology of prenatal HBV screening, and to determine the number of children in Ontario with a diagnosis of HBV before adolescent vaccination. METHODS: We extracted data from ICES, Public Health Ontario and Better Outcomes & Registry Network (BORN) Ontario databases. We assessed prenatal screening uptake and prevalence of prenatal hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from 2012 to 2016, as well as subsequent hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) and HBV DNA testing and percent positivity. We used age and region to subcategorize the results. In a separate unlinked analysis, we evaluated the number of children positive for HBV aged 0-11 years who were born in Ontario from 2003 to 2013. RESULTS: From 2012 to 2016, 93% of pregnant women were screened for HBV, with an HBsAg prevalence of 0.6%. Prevalence of HBsAg increased with age, peaking at older than 45 years at 3%. North Toronto had the highest overall prevalence of 1.5%, whereas northern Ontario had the lowest. Of women who were HBsAg positive, HBeAg and HBV DNA tests were subsequently ordered in 13% and 38%, respectively. Of children born in Ontario between 2003 and 2013, 139 of 23759 tested positive for HBV. INTERPRETATION: Prenatal HBV screening is not universal and subsequent evaluation is poor, limiting optimal intervention and possibly contributing to some Ontario-born children being given a diagnosis of HBV before age 12 years. These findings underscore the limitations of the province's adolescent vaccination strategy., An estimated 257 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) worldwide. (1) Hepatitis B ranks fourth on the list of most burdensome infectious diseases in Ontario, (2) [...]

Published
2020
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10. Prescribing Patterns for Treatment of Mycobacterium avium Complex and M. xenopi Pulmonary Disease in Ontario, Canada, 2001-2013

Author

Brode, Sarah K., Chung, Hannah, Campitelli, Michael A., Kwong, Jeffrey C., Marchand-Austin, Alex, Winthrop, Kevin L., Jamieson, Frances B., and Marras, Theodore K.

Subjects
Evidence-based medicine -- Surveys, Mycobacterium avium complex -- Surveys, Prescription writing -- Surveys, Rifamycins -- Surveys, Microbial drug resistance -- Care and treatment, Lung diseases -- Care and treatment, Ethambutol -- Surveys, Health
Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary disease (PD) is increasing in North America (1-3). The 2 most common causes of NTM PD in Ontario, Canada, are Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and M. [...]

Published
2019
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11. Mycobacterium xenopi Genotype Associated with Clinical Phenotype in Lung Disease

Author

Hirama, Takashi, Marchand-Austin, Alex, Ma, Jennifer, Alexander, David C., Brode, Sarah K., Marras, Theodore K., and Jamieson, Frances B.

Subjects
Lung diseases -- Causes of -- Development and progression -- Genetic aspects -- Research, Mycobacteria -- Physiological aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Research, Health
Abstract

Mycobacterium xenopi is responsible for pulmonary disease (PD) in Europe and Canada. Despite its high prevalence and increasing clinical importance, little is known about the genetic diversity of M. xenopi. Through a prospective study for M. xenopi strain type and the relation to clinical phenotype, 39 patients with M. xenopi PD were analyzed. Our study demonstrated that sequence type (ST) 5 was dominant in Ontario among 15 distinct STs and caused PD in people even without underlying lung disease, whereas disease due to non-ST5 was found almost exclusively in patients with underlying lung disease., Author(s): Takashi Hirama [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Alex Marchand-Austin [sup.4] [sup.5] , Jennifer Ma [sup.5] , David C. Alexander [sup.6] , Sarah K. Brode [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Theodore K. [...]

Published
2018
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14. Pulmonary versus Nonpulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Ontario, Canada

Author

Brode, Sarah K., Marchand-Austin, Alex, Jamieson, Frances B., and Marras, Theodore K.

Subjects
High performance liquid chromatography -- Usage, Public health -- Health aspects, Bronchoscopy -- Usage, Mycobacteria -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) cause pulmonary and nonpulmonary disease, but most isolates and disease cases are pulmonary (1). Studies have demonstrated temporal increases in pulmonary NTM isolation and disease (2,3). To [...]

Published
2017
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15. Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria-associated deaths, Ontario, Canada, 2001-2013

Author

Marras, Theodore K., Campitelli, Michael A., Lu, Hong, Chung, Hannah, Brode, Sarah K., Marchand-Austin, Alex, Winthrop, Kevin L., Gershon, Andrea S., Kwong, Jeffrey C., and Jamieson, Frances B.

Subjects
Ontario. Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care -- Analysis, Mortality -- Ontario -- Canada -- Analysis, Lung diseases -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is an increasingly common problem (1-3) that is associated with substantially impaired quality of life (4) and is difficult and costly to treat (5,6). At [...]

Published
2017
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16. Publisher Correction: Divergent SARS-CoV-2 variant emerges in white-tailed deer with deer-to-human transmission

Author

Pickering, Bradley, primary, Lung, Oliver, additional, Maguire, Finlay, additional, Kruczkiewicz, Peter, additional, Kotwa, Jonathon D., additional, Buchanan, Tore, additional, Gagnier, Marianne, additional, Guthrie, Jennifer L., additional, Jardine, Claire M., additional, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Massé, Ariane, additional, McClinchey, Heather, additional, Nirmalarajah, Kuganya, additional, Aftanas, Patryk, additional, Blais-Savoie, Juliette, additional, Chee, Hsien-Yao, additional, Chien, Emily, additional, Yim, Winfield, additional, Banete, Andra, additional, Griffin, Bryan D., additional, Yip, Lily, additional, Goolia, Melissa, additional, Suderman, Matthew, additional, Pinette, Mathieu, additional, Smith, Greg, additional, Sullivan, Daniel, additional, Rudar, Josip, additional, Vernygora, Oksana, additional, Adey, Elizabeth, additional, Nebroski, Michelle, additional, Goyette, Guillaume, additional, Finzi, Andrés, additional, Laroche, Geneviève, additional, Ariana, Ardeshir, additional, Vahkal, Brett, additional, Côté, Marceline, additional, McGeer, Allison J., additional, Nituch, Larissa, additional, Mubareka, Samira, additional, and Bowman, Jeff, additional

Published
2022
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18. Antibiotic susceptibility of urine culture specimens in Ontario: a population-based cohort study

Author

Marchand-Austin, Alex, primary, Lee, Samantha M., additional, Langford, Bradley J., additional, Daneman, Nick, additional, MacFadden, Derek R., additional, Diong, Christina, additional, Schwartz, Kevin L., additional, Allen, Vanessa G., additional, Johnstone, Jennie, additional, Patel, Samir N., additional, Garber, Gary E., additional, and Brown, Kevin A., additional

Published
2022
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23. Prevalence and Mortality Associated with Bloodstream Organisms: a Population-Wide Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

Verway, Mark, primary, Brown, Kevin A., additional, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Diong, Christina, additional, Lee, Samantha, additional, Langford, Bradley, additional, Schwartz, Kevin L., additional, MacFadden, Derek R., additional, Patel, Samir N., additional, Sander, Beate, additional, Johnstone, Jennie, additional, Garber, Gary, additional, and Daneman, Nick, additional

Published
2022
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25. Effectiveness of pertussis vaccination and duration of immunity

Author

Schwartz, Kevin L., Kwong, Jeffrey C., Deeks, Shelley L., Campitelli, Michael A., Jamieson, Frances B., Marchand-Austin, Alex, Stukel, Therese A., Rosella, Laura, Daneman, Nick, Bolotin, Shelly, Drews, Steven J., Rilkoff, Heather, and Crowcroft, Natasha S.

Subjects
Immune response -- Testing, Vaccines -- Testing, Whooping-cough -- Prevention, Health
Abstract

Background: A resurgence of pertussis cases among both vaccinated and unvaccinated people raises questions about vaccine effectiveness over time. Our objective was to study the effectiveness of the pertussis vaccine and characterize the effect of waning immunity and whole-cell vaccine priming. Methods: We used the test-negative design, a nested case-control study with test-negative individuals as controls. We constructed multivariable logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs). Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as (1 - OR) x 100. We assessed waning immunity by calculating the odds of developing pertussis per year since last vaccination and evaluated the relative effectiveness of priming with acellular versus whole-cell vaccine. Results: Between Dec. 7, 2009, and Mar. 31, 2013, data on 5867 individuals (486 test-positive cases and 5381 test-negative controls) were available for analysis. Adjusted vaccine effectiveness was 80% (95% confidence interval [CI] 71% to 86%) at 15-364 days, 84% (95% CI 77% to 89%) at 1-3 years, 62% (95% CI 42% to 75%) at 4-7 years and 41% (95% CI 0% to 66%) at 8 or more years since last vaccination. We observed waning immunity with the acellular vaccine, with an adjusted OR for pertussis infection of 1.27 (95% CI 1.20 to 1.34) per year since last vaccination. Acellular, versus whole-cell, vaccine priming was associated with an increased odds of pertussis (adjusted OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.30 to 3.57). Interpretation: We observed high early effectiveness of the pertussis vaccine that rapidly declined as time since last vaccination surpassed 4 years, particularly with acellular vaccine priming. Considering whole-cell vaccine priming and/or boosters in pregnancy to optimize pertussis control may be prudent., Whooping cough, or pertussis, is a highly contagious respiratory infection that has been inadequately controlled compared with other vaccine-preventable diseases. The incidence of pertussis in Canada decreased from 156 cases [...]

Published
2016
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26. Highly divergent white-tailed deer SARS-CoV-2 with potential deer-to-human transmission

Author

Pickering, Bradley, primary, Lung, Oliver, additional, Maguire, Finlay, additional, Kruczkiewicz, Peter, additional, Kotwa, Jonathon D., additional, Buchanan, Tore, additional, Gagnier, Marianne, additional, Guthrie, Jennifer L., additional, Jardine, Claire M., additional, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Massé, Ariane, additional, McClinchey, Heather, additional, Nirmalarajah, Kuganya, additional, Aftanas, Patryk, additional, Blais-Savoie, Juliette, additional, Chee, Hsien-Yao, additional, Chien, Emily, additional, Yim, Winfield, additional, Banete, Andra, additional, Griffin, Bryan D., additional, Yip, Lily, additional, Goolia, Melissa, additional, Suderman, Matthew, additional, Pinette, Mathieu, additional, Smith, Greg, additional, Sullivan, Daniel, additional, Rudar, Josip, additional, Adey, Elizabeth, additional, Nebroski, Michelle, additional, Goyette, Guillaume, additional, Finzi, Andrés, additional, Laroche, Geneviève, additional, Ariana, Ardeshir, additional, Vahkal, Brett, additional, Côté, Marceline, additional, McGeer, Allison J., additional, Nituch, Larissa, additional, Mubareka, Samira, additional, and Bowman, Jeff, additional

Published
2022
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29. Exploring the reasons for low pertussis vaccine effectiveness in Ontario, Canada, 2006–2008: a Canadian Immunization Research Network study

Author

Hughes, Stephanie L., primary, Kwong, Jeffrey C., additional, Schwartz, Kevin L., additional, Chen, Cynthia, additional, Johnson, Caitlin, additional, Li, Ye, additional, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Bolotin, Shelly, additional, Jamieson, Frances B., additional, Drews, Steven J., additional, Russell, Margaret L., additional, Svenson, Lawrence W., additional, Mahmud, Salaheddin M., additional, and Crowcroft, Natasha S., additional

Published
2021
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30. Acute respiratory infections in travelers returning from MERS-CoV-affected areas

Author

German, Matthew, Olsha, Romy, Kristjanson, Erik, Marchand-Austin, Alex, Peci, Adriana, Winter, Anne-Luise, and Gubbay, Jonathan B.

Subjects
Travelers -- Health aspects -- Research, Health
Abstract

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was originally described in 2012 in a patient with severe pneumonia in Saudi Arabia (1). The virus has been detected in several countries of [...]

Published
2015
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31. The Benefits and Harms of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Urinary Tract Infection in Older Adults

Author

Langford, Bradley J, primary, Brown, Kevin A, additional, Diong, Christina, additional, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Adomako, Kwaku, additional, Saedi, Arezou, additional, Schwartz, Kevin L, additional, Johnstone, Jennie, additional, MacFadden, Derek R, additional, Matukas, Larissa M, additional, Patel, Samir N, additional, Garber, Gary, additional, and Daneman, Nick, additional

Published
2021
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34. A Call for Caution in Use of Pertussis Vaccine Effectiveness Studies to Estimate Waning Immunity: A Canadian Immunization Research Network Study

Author

Crowcroft, Natasha S, primary, Schwartz, Kevin L, additional, Savage, Rachel D, additional, Chen, Cynthia, additional, Johnson, Caitlin, additional, Li, Ye, additional, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Bolotin, Shelly, additional, Deeks, Shelley L, additional, Jamieson, Frances B, additional, Drews, Steven J, additional, Russell, Margaret L, additional, Svenson, Lawrence W, additional, Simmonds, Kimberley, additional, Righolt, Christiaan H, additional, Bell, Christopher, additional, Mahmud, Salaheddin M, additional, and Kwong, Jeffrey C, additional

Published
2020
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38. MOESM2 of The direct healthcare costs attributable to West Nile virus illness in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study using laboratory and health administrative data

Author

Shing, Emily, Wang, John, Nelder, Mark, Parpia, Camilla, Gubbay, Jonathan, Loeb, Mark, Kristjanson, Erik, Marchand-Austin, Alex, Moore, Stephen, Russell, Curtis, Sider, Doug, and Sander, Beate

Abstract

Additional file 2: Table S1. Baseline characteristics of WNV infected subjects matched ±30 days from index date (n = 1540)

Published
2019
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39. Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease, Ontario, Canada, 1998-2010

Author

Marras, Theodore K., Mendelson, David, Marchand-Austin, Alex, May, Kevin, and Jamieson, Frances B.

Subjects
Mycobacterial infections -- Research -- Demographic aspects, Bacterial infections -- Diagnosis -- Demographic aspects, Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (pNTM) disease is clinically challenging. Therapy entails complex antimycobacterial drug combinations, typically for 18 months (1), often with poor tolerability (2) and limited success (3). pNTM disease [...]

Published
2013
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40. Rhinovirus outbreaks in long-term care facilities, Ontario, Canada

Author

Longtin, Jean, Marchand-Austin, Alex, Winter, Anne-Luise, Patel, Samir, Eshaghi, Alireza, Jamieson, Frances, Low, Donald E., and Gubbay, Jonathan B.

Subjects
Epidemics -- Canada -- Research, Rhinoviruses -- Health aspects -- Distribution -- Research, Respiratory tract infections -- Causes of -- Distribution -- Research -- Health aspects, Long-term care facilities -- Health aspects -- Distribution, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

Respiratory tract illnesses are a major cause of illness and death among elderly persons, especially those in long-term care facilities. Although the most commonly identified viruses have been influenza virus [...]

Published
2010
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41. Respiratory infection in institutions during early stages of pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Canada

Author

Marchand-Austin, Alex, Farrell, David J., Jamieson, Frances B., Lombardi, Nino, Lombos, Ernesto, Narang, Sunita, Akwar, Holy, Low, Donald E., and Gubbay, Jonathan B.

Subjects
Long-term care facilities -- Health aspects, Epidemics -- Canada, Epidemics -- Risk factors, Epidemics -- Development and progression, Epidemics -- Health aspects, Long-term care of the sick -- Health aspects, Public health -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Medicine, Experimental -- Health aspects, Influenza viruses -- Health aspects, Influenza -- Risk factors, Influenza -- Development and progression, Influenza -- Health aspects, Lung diseases -- Risk factors, Lung diseases -- Development and progression, Lung diseases -- Health aspects, Diseases -- Canada, Diseases -- Risk factors, Diseases -- Development and progression, Diseases -- Health aspects
Abstract

Respiratory infection outbreaks in institutions housing large numbers of residents create an ideal environment for disease transmission (1). Patients in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) for the elderly are more susceptible [...]

Published
2009
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42. A Call for Caution in Use of Pertussis Vaccine Effectiveness Studies to Estimate Waning Immunity: A Canadian Immunization Research Network Study.

Author

Crowcroft, Natasha S, Schwartz, Kevin L, Savage, Rachel D, Chen, Cynthia, Johnson, Caitlin, Li, Ye, Marchand-Austin, Alex, Bolotin, Shelly, Deeks, Shelley L, Jamieson, Frances B, Drews, Steven J, Russell, Margaret L, Svenson, Lawrence W, Simmonds, Kimberley, Righolt, Christiaan H, Bell, Christopher, Mahmud, Salaheddin M, and Kwong, Jeffrey C

Subjects
IMMUNIZATION, WHOOPING cough, IMMUNITY, WHOOPING cough vaccines
Abstract

Background Vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies provide essential evidence on waning vaccine-derived immunity, a major threat to pertussis control. We evaluated how study design affects estimates by comparing 2 case-control studies conducted in Ontario, Canada. Methods We compared results from a test-negative design (TND) with a frequency-matched design (FMD) case-control study using pertussis cases from 2005–2015. In the first study, we identified test-negative controls from the public health laboratory that diagnosed cases and, in the second, randomly selected controls from patients attending the same physicians that reported cases, frequency matched on age and year. We compared characteristics of cases and controls using standardized differences. Results In both designs, VE estimates for the early years postimmunization were consistent with clinical trials (TND, 84%; FMD, 89% at 1–3 years postvaccination) but diverged as time since last vaccination increased (TND, 41%; FMD, 74% by 8 years postvaccination). Overall, we observed lower VE and faster waning in the TND than the FMD. In the TND but not FMD, controls differed from cases in important confounders, being younger, having more comorbidities, and higher healthcare use. Differences between the controls of each design were greater than differences between cases. TND controls were more likely to be unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated than FMD controls (P  < .001). Conclusions The FMD adjusted better for healthcare-seeking behavior than the TND. Duration of protection from pertussis vaccines is unclear because estimates vary by study design. Caution should be exercised by experts, researchers, and decision makers when evaluating evidence on optimal timing of boosters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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43. The evolving nature of Bordetella pertussis in Ontario, Canada, 2009–2017: strains with shifting genotypes and pertactin deficiency

Author

Tsang, Raymond S.W., primary, Shuel, Michelle, additional, Cronin, Kirby, additional, Deng, Saul, additional, Whyte, Kathleen, additional, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Ma, Jennifer, additional, Bolotin, Shelly, additional, Crowcroft, Natasha, additional, Schwartz, Kevin, additional, Van Domselaar, Gary, additional, Graham, Morag, additional, and Jamieson, Frances B., additional

Published
2019
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44. Pertussis vaccine effectiveness in a frequency matched population-based case-control Canadian Immunization Research Network study in Ontario, Canada 2009–2015

Author

Crowcroft, Natasha S., primary, Schwartz, Kevin L., additional, Chen, Cynthia, additional, Johnson, Caitlin, additional, Li, Ye, additional, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Bolotin, Shelly, additional, Jamieson, Frances B., additional, Drews, Steven J., additional, Russell, Margaret L., additional, Svenson, Lawrence W., additional, Simmonds, Kimberley, additional, Mahmud, Salaheddin M, additional, and Kwong, Jeffrey C., additional

Published
2019
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45. Cohort profile: Development and profile of a population-based, retrospective cohort of diagnosed people living with HIV in Ontario, Canada (Ontario HIV Laboratory Cohort)

Author

Liu, Juan, primary, Wilton, James, additional, Sullivan, Ashleigh, additional, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Rachlis, Beth, additional, Giles, Madison, additional, Light, Lucia, additional, Sider, Doug, additional, Kroch, Abigail E, additional, and Gilbert, Mark, additional

Published
2019
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46. Universal genotyping reveals province-level differences in the molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis

Author

Guthrie, Jennifer L., primary, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Cronin, Kirby, additional, Lam, Karen, additional, Pyskir, Daria, additional, Kong, Clare, additional, Jorgensen, Danielle, additional, Rodrigues, Mabel, additional, Roth, David, additional, Tang, Patrick, additional, Cook, Victoria J., additional, Johnston, James, additional, Jamieson, Frances B., additional, and Gardy, Jennifer L., additional

Published
2019
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49. Under-reporting of pertussis in Ontario: A Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) study using capture-recapture

Author

Crowcroft, Natasha S., primary, Johnson, Caitlin, additional, Chen, Cynthia, additional, Li, Ye, additional, Marchand-Austin, Alex, additional, Bolotin, Shelly, additional, Schwartz, Kevin, additional, Deeks, Shelley L., additional, Jamieson, Frances, additional, Drews, Steven, additional, Russell, Margaret L., additional, Svenson, Lawrence W., additional, Simmonds, Kimberley, additional, Mahmud, Salaheddin M., additional, and Kwong, Jeffrey C., additional

Published
2018
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