Search

This study recorded the physicochemical properties of the marula fruits, the biometry and breaking the dormancy in the marula seeds. Using 200 ripe fruits, the physicochemical characterization was done. From a random sample of 400 seeds, an assessment of the biometrics was performed, and the weight, length, width and thickness of the fruits and seeds were evaluated. Two experiments were conducted to study dormancy breaking using pre-germination treatments, which included immersing the marula seeds five times (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes) in concentrated sulfuric acid (96%) and water, at 65 ºC temperature. The control was time zero, using plain distilled water, with 25 seeds per treatment and four replications. The marula fruits revealed average values of 21.65 ± 3.44 g, 35.5 ± 2.38 and 34.8 ± 2.73, respectively, for weight, diameter and length. The soluble solids (SS), Hydrogenonic Potential (pH), titratable acidity (AT) and ratio (AT/SS) were 14.74 ± 1.0º Brix, 3.93 ± 0.49 pH, 0.63 ± 0.22 and 27.07 ± 12.10, respectively. For the weight of one thousand seeds, the average value was 3.576 ± 188.4 g. The mean values for the dimensions of the width, length and diameter of the seeds were 22.9 ± 2.11; 23.7 ± 2.04; and 14.9 ± 2.09 mm, respectively. The physiological quality of these seeds was enhanced by immersing the seeds from freshly picked fruits in sulfuric acid for a maximum of 30 minutes and storing them for six months. RESUMO: Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar as características físico-químicas de frutos, biometria e superação da dormência de sementes de marula. Para a caracterização físico-química foram utilizados 200 frutos maduros. Realizou-se a biometria utilizando uma amostra aleatória de 400 sementes e foram avaliados: peso, comprimento, largura e espessura de frutos e sementes. Para o estudo da superação de dormência foram realizados dois experimentos com os tratamentos pré-germinativos constituídos pela imersão das sementes em ácido sulfúrico concentrado (96%) e água a temperatura de 65 ºC por cinco tempos (0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 minutos), sendo o tempo zero a testemunha, onde utilizou-se apenas água destilada, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes por tratamento. Os frutos de marula apresentaram valores médios de 21,65 ± 3,44 g, 35,5±2,38 e 34,8±2,73 mm de peso, diâmetro e comprimento, respectivamente e sólidos solúveis (SS), Potencial Hidrogeniônico ( pH), acidez titulável (AT) e ratio (AT/SS) foram de 14,74 ± 1,0 ºBrix, 3,93 ± 0,49 pH, 0,63 ± 0,22 e 27,07 ± 12,10 respectivamente. As sementes apresentaram valores médios de 3.576 ± 188,4 g para o peso de mil sementes. Para as dimensões, largura, comprimento e diâmetro de sementes, apresentaram valores médios de 22,9 ± 2,11; 23,7 ± 2,04; e 14,9 ± 2,09 mm respectivamente. A imersão das sementes procedentes de frutos recém colhidos em ácido sulfúrico por até 30 minutos e o armazenamento por seismeses promove incrementos na sua qualidade fisiológica.

This study aims to analyze the impacts of COVID-19 on the care of cancer patients in the head and neck surgery outpatient clinic, through the procedures performed in the years 2019, 2020, and 2021. Method: Qualitative, descriptive study about the procedures performed by the nursing team in a head and neck surgery outpatient clinic. Data were collected from January 2019 to December 2021 and computed in an Excel spreadsheet. Results: They showed a negative disparity in the quantity of patient care in the head and neck surgery outpatient clinic in 2019 compared to 2020, in which there was a decrease of 33%. Comparing the results of the year 2019 with 2021 we noticed a drop of 25%. However, when compared to the year 2020 to 2021, there was an increase of 12%. In the number of procedures performed in 2020, there was a decrease of 31% compared to 2019, and, compared to 2021, there was a decrease of 26%, but in the year 2020 to 2021, there was an increase of 13%. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic generated a strong impact on the care provided to patients of the head and neck surgery outpatient clinic, leading to a reduction in the care and provision of nursing care to this clientele, but at the beginning of the pandemic scenario the institutions had to redesign the care protocols to cope with the current situation of the country and the world, thus promoting safer and more efficient assistance.

Crotalaria ochroleuca (Fabaceae) is rich in bioactive compounds used for nematode control. Transformed root culture allows the production of a large amount of hairy root biomass, conditioned by auxin biosynthesis-related genes integrated via the process of Agrobacterium rhizogenes infection, which is known to cause a hairy root phenotype. We transformed A. rhizogenes to increase the biomass of hairy roots and optimized the process of production of bioactive compounds. The transformed nature of hairy roots was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, which confers kanamycin resistance. The transformed roots were cultured in full-strength in liquid media to realize the growth of hairy roots and the production of bioactive compounds. The transformed roots were grown in a culture medium supplemented with elicitors to produce total phenols, and flavonoids. Chromatographic analysis of transformed roots revealed the presence of flavonoids apigenin-6,8-C-diglucoside and luteolin-6-C-glucoside. The results were obtained by conducting physiological and biochemical studies with the flavonoids and studying the pathways that led to the production of large amounts of bioactive compounds from the hairy roots of C. ochroleuca. It was observed that the extraction of the compounds significantly affected nematodes and insect larvae, resulting in significantly high levels of economic damage to crops.

Despite the current importance of international retirement migration for both academics and practitioners, the extant literature on the topic is still scarce and mostly focused on short-period migration flows from wealthy and northern countries to cheaper and warm-weather destinations. This article aims at shedding light on the role of tourism in prospective migrants’ decision-making process, considering the framework provided by the push-pull model, which is often used to explain both migration and tourism. A qualitative study was conducted, comprising ten in-depth interviews with 45+ year-old Brazilian citizens who intend to move to Europe after retirement. Results show that tourism is important for prospective migrants to evaluate possible migration destinations, as some of the most relevant migration pull factors (e.g., safety) are easily assessed during tourism experiences. Participants in this study also carefully plan tourism activities prior to their decision to migrate in order to get a more realistic notion of what the destination is like for residents. Overall, this study demonstrates that tourism is particularly important for several stages of migrants’ decision-making process.

Demyelinating leucoencephalomyelitis (DLEM) is one of the pathological presentations of canine distemper, but its histological characteristics and topographical distribution of spinal cord injuries have been poorly explored. Seventeen dogs submitted for necropsy to a veterinary pathology service (2006-2008) and diagnosed with distemper-associated DLEM were investigated. Seventy-two of 231 spinal cord sections from these animals had histological lesions, which consistently affected the white matter. The lumbosacral region was mostly affected (13/17), followed by the thoracolumbar (11/17), cervical (9/17) and cervicothoracic (9/17) regions. Among the 72 affected cord sections, lesions in the lateral (42/72) and dorsal funiculi (31/72) were the most common. Demyelination (17/17), astrocytosis (17/17), microgliosis (17/17), gemistocytes (11/17) and non-suppurative inflammation (10/17) were frequently seen in the white matter. Grey matter changes were less common, and included gliosis (8/17), non-suppurative inflammation (7/17) and malacia (5/17). Acute lesions were most prevalent (13/17) but it was common (10/17) for the same dog to have lesions at different stages of evolution in distinct spinal cord regions. Pathological changes in several spinal cords did not correlate with the reported clinical signs and some dogs did not present with spinal cord-related clinical signs. Our results highlight important aspects of the distribution and morphology of spinal cord lesions in dogs with distemper-associated DLEM, and may assist clinicians and pathologists in the diagnosis of spontaneous cases of this important infectious disease and contribute to further studies concerning distemper pathogenesis.

The aim of this study was to compare costs and socio-economic impact of tuberculosis (TB) for patients diagnosed through active (ACF) and passive case finding (PCF) in Nepal. A longitudinal costing survey was conducted in four districts of Nepal from April 2018 to October 2019. Costs were collected using the WHO TB Patient Costs Survey at three time points: intensive phase of treatment, continuation phase of treatment and at treatment completion. Direct and indirect costs and socio-economic impact (poverty headcount, employment status and coping strategies) were evaluated throughout the treatment. Prevalence of catastrophic costs was estimated using the WHO threshold. Logistic regression and generalized estimating equation were used to evaluate risk of incurring high costs, catastrophic costs and socio-economic impact of TB over time. A total of 111 ACF and 110 PCF patients were included. ACF patients were more likely to have no education (75% vs 57%, P = 0.006) and informal employment (42% vs 24%, P = 0.005) Compared with the PCF group, ACF patients incurred lower costs during the pretreatment period (mean total cost: US$55 vs US$87, P $72 vs US$101, P

Simaba cedron, popularly known as "cedron", is largely used for fever and snake bites. Its seeds are used in the treatment of stomach problems and liver infections. The fruits are used for the treatment of pain and malaria while its bark is an antispasmodic. Simaba cedron is generally propagated through seeds, but with limited success, as the low viability of same restricts its propagation. In view of such difficulty, it becomes necessary the study for adequate conditions for the large scale production of these seedlings. Being it known that in several species, the use of micropropagation has made it possible to obtain a large amount of disease-free and more homogeneous seedlings, in reduced time and physical space, in comparison with conventional propagation methods, the objective of this work was to analyze the effect of two culture media on the production of aseptic parent plants as a first step in the development of a micropropagation protocol for Simaba cedron. The seeds were collected from a matrix plant located in the Amazon Biotechnology Center (CBA), in Manaus/AM. The experiment was installed at the Vegetable Tissue Culture Laboratory, where the explants were desinfected and grown in culture medium according to Murashige & Skoog (MS) and in Wood Plant Medium (WPM), during 60 days. The disinfestation rate obtained was 75% and, of the disinfested seeds, 100% germinated. The cultivation medium that was more favorable to the cultivation of simaba was the MS, where the multiplication rate was of 8.0: 1, whose seedlings reached, in average, 4.8 cm and 75% of rooting.

Objetivo: sintetizar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre o efeito do uso tópico de óleos essenciais na cicatrização de feridas em humanos. Método: o protocolo dessa revisão sistemática foi desenvolvido conforme o PRISMA for systematic review protocols e está registrado na base de dados PROSPERO (CRD42021269456). A busca dos estudos será realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE via PubMed, LILACS, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science e Scopus. A busca manual ocorrerá por meio das referências dos estudos selecionados. A literatura cinzenta também será pesquisada. Dois revisores participarão da seleção dos estudos de forma cega e independente. A avaliação do risco de viés será realizada com as ferramentas ROB-2.0 para estudos randomizados e ROBINS-I para os estudos sem randomização. A análise da qualidade da evidência será feita com os instrumentos propostos pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. A análise quantitativa dos estudos incluídos será representada por a metanálise, no entanto, caso não seja viável, os dados serão apresentados mediante análise descritiva. Considerações finais: os resultados dessa revisão sistemática poderão contribuir para a prática baseada em evidência quanto ao uso de óleos essenciais na cicatrização de feridas. Objective: to synthesize the evidence available in the literature on the effect of topical use of essential oils on wound healing in humans. Method: the protocol of this systematic review was developed according to the PRISMA for systematic review protocols and is registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021269456). The search for studies will be performed in the MEDLINE databases via PubMed, LILACS, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science and Scopus. The manual search will occur through the references of the selected studies. Gray literature will also be searched. Two reviewers will participate in the selection of studies blindly and independently. The assessment of the risk of bias will be performed using the ROB-2.0 tools for randomized studies and ROBINS-I for non-randomized studies. The analysis of the quality of the evidence will be carried out with the instruments proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The quantitative analysis of the studies included will be represented by the meta-analysis, however, if it is not feasible, the data will be presented through descriptive analysis. Final considerations: the results of this systematic review may contribute to evidence-based practice regarding the use of essential oils in wound healing. Objetivo: sintetizar la evidencia disponible en la literatura sobre el efecto del uso tópico de aceites esenciales en la cicatrización de heridas en humanos. Método: el protocolo de esta revisión sistemática fue desarrollado según PRISMA para protocolos de revisión sistemática y está registrado en la base de datos PROSPERO (CRD42021269456). La búsqueda de estudios se realizará en las bases de datos MEDLINE a través de PubMed, LILACS, EMBASE, CINAHL, Registro Cochrane Central de Ensayos Controlados, Web of Science y Scopus. La búsqueda manual se realizará a través de las referencias de los estudios seleccionados. También se buscará literatura gris. Dos revisores participarán en la selección de estudios de forma ciega e independiente. La evaluación del riesgo de sesgo se realizará mediante las herramientas ROB-2.0 para estudios aleatorizados y ROBINS-I para estudios no aleatorizados. El análisis de la calidad de la evidencia se realizará con los instrumentos propuestos por el Instituto Joanna Briggs. El análisis cuantitativo de los estudios incluidos estará representado por el metanálisis, sin embargo, si no es factible, los datos se presentarán a través del análisis descriptivo. Consideraciones finales: los resultados de esta revisión sistemática pueden contribuir a la práctica basada en la evidencia sobre el uso de aceites esenciales en la cicatrización de heridas.

No ano do centenário da obra de Amadeu Amaral sobre o Português caipira, neste trabalho revisitamos um conjunto de propostas acerca do /r/ retroflexo, conhecido como “r-caipira”, a fim de, por meio de uma convergência de hipóteses, apresentarmos a proposta de que o /r/ retroflexo falado no interior de São Paulo aponta para uma possível “interferência” da Língua Geral de São Paulo nessa variedade de Português.

OBJECTIVES: Acute cellular rejection (ACR) remains a major complication of heart transplant (HT). The gold standard for its diagnosis is endomyocardial biopsy (EMB), whereas the role of non-invasive biomarkers for detecting ACR is unclear. This study aimed to identify non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of ACR in patients undergoing HT and presenting with normal left ventricular function. METHODS: We evaluated patients who underwent HT at a single center between January 2010 and June 2019. Patients were enrolled after HT, and those with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction before EMB were excluded. We included only the results of the first EMB performed at least 30 days after HT (median, 90 days). Troponin, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured and echocardiography was performed up to 7 days before EMB. ACR was defined as International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation grade 2R or 3R on EMB. We performed logistic regression analysis to identify the non-invasive predictors of ACR (2R or 3R) and evaluated the accuracy of each using area under the receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: We analyzed 72 patients after HT (51.31±13.63 years; 25 [34.7%] women); of them, 9 (12.5%) developed ACR. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, we performed forward stepwise selection (entry criteria, p

Orientador: Roberta Gurgel Azzi Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Resumo: O presente estudo contemplou, como objetivo geral, investigar as crenças de auto-eficácia docente no ensino superior e, como objetivos específicos, identificar: a) as crenças de autoeficácia docente no ensino superior em termos de intencionalidade da ação docente e manejo de classe; b) as relações das crenças de auto-eficácia com as variáveis pessoais, da atividade docente e de contexto; c) as fontes de auto-eficácia docente no ensino superior; d) as relações das fontes de auto-eficácia com as variáveis pessoais, da atividade docente e de contexto; e) as relações entre as crenças de auto-eficácia e as fontes de auto-eficácia. Este estudo contou com uma amostra que corresponde a 457 docentes, sendo 57,3% do sexo feminino e 42,7% do sexo masculino, que atuam em diferentes instituições de ensino superior brasileiras, tanto públicas como privadas. Os dados foram coletados via web, fazendo-se uso de um questionário e duas escalas do tipo likert. A análise dos dados permitiram evidenciar que os docentes da amostra apresentam crenças de auto-eficácia no ensino com tendências altas , tanto na subescala de intencionalidade da ação docente , como na subescala de manejo de classe. Em termos de relações das crenças de auto-eficácia com as variáveis pessoais, da atividade docente e de contexto, os resultados obtidos apontaram diferenças significativas em termos de nível de formação, tempo de atuação no ensino superior, jornada de trabalho, percepção de preparo como docente, nível de satisfação com o trabalho docente, avaliação da infra-estrutura, apoio, tanto do corpo administrativo como dos colegas, e liberdade de expressar idéias. Também foi possível identificar baixa correlação positiva entre o tempo de atuação no ensino superior e satisfação como docente e as pontuações na escala de auto-eficácia docente, bem como baixa correlação positiva e significativa entre a jornada de trabalho semanal, a escala de auto-eficácia e o fator de intencionalidade da ação docente. Em termos de fontes de informação de autoeficácia, os participantes indicaram maior nível de influência de experiências diretas, como fonte de informação de auto-eficácia, seguida de persuasão social, experiências vicárias e estados fisiológicos e emocionais. As avaliações dos docentes, em relação ao apoio administrativo, liberdade de expressar idéias e apoio dos colegas, apresentaram correlação negativa e significativa com a fonte de estados fisiológicos e emocionais e correlação positiva com a fonte de experiências vicárias. A análise das relações entre auto-eficácia docente e as fontes de autoeficácia indicou que existe baixa correlação positiva e significativa entre a pontuação média na escala de auto-eficácia docente, e suas subescalas, e as fontes de auto-eficácia, com exceção da fonte de estados fisiológicos e emocionais. Compreender o papel das crenças de autoeficácia dos professores e como elas podem ser construídas/evoluem é importante para gestores prepararem suas equipes e fornecerem apoio, de modo que auxiliem os docentes a enfrentarem os diversos obstáculos encontrados neste domínio de ensino, a persistirem na profissão, além dos reflexos para a aprendizagem e motivação do aluno. Abstract: The present study contemplated as general aim to investigate teachers' self-efficacy beliefs in higher education, and as specific aims: a) teachers' self-efficacy beliefs in higher education in terms of the intentionnality of teachers' action and of the handling of class one; b) the relations between self-efficacy beliefs and personal variable, of the teaching activity and of context ones; c) teachers' self-efficacy sources in the higher education; d) the relations between self-efficacy sources and personal variables, of the teaching activity and of context ones; e) the relations between self-efficacy beliefs and self-efficacy sources. This study took into account one sample of 457 teachers, 57,3% female ones and 42,7% male ones, who act in different brazilian higher education institutions, both public or private. The data have been collected by web, using a questionnaire and two likert scales. The data analysis substantiated that teachers of the sample have teaching self-efficacy beliefs with high tendencies, as often in the intentionnality of teachers' action subscale as in the handling class one. Concerning self-efficacy beliefs in relation to personal variables, of the teaching activitity and of context ones, results showed important differences about the level of formation, time of work in higher education, journey of work, perception of teachers' preparation, level of satisfaction as work as a teacher, evaluation of infrastructure, support as much of the administrative body as of mates, and freedom of expression. Also it was possible to identifie low positive correlation among the time of performance in higher education and satisfaction as work as a teacher and the scoring in the teachers' self-efficacy scale as well low positive and important correlation among the weekly work journey and the self-efficacy scale and the factor of intentionnality of the teachers' action. In terms of self-efficacy information sources, the participants indicated a great level of influence of direct experiences as self-efficacy information sources, followed by social inducement, vicarious experiences and physiological and emotional states. Evaluations of the teachers regarding the administrative support, freedom of expressing ideas and workmate support presented negative and relevant correlation with physiological and emotional states sources and positive correlation with vicarious experiences sources. The analysis of relations between teachers' self-efficacy and self-efficacy sources indicated that there are low positive and important correlation between the middle scoring in the teachers' self-efficacy scale, and its subscales, and the self-efficacy sources, except for physiological and emotional states sources. To understand the role of teachers' self-efficacy beliefs and how they can be built or developed is important for coordinators prepare their team and provide support to help teachers to stand up against several obstacles of this teaching domain, to persist in the profession, besides the reflexes for students' learning and motivation. Doutorado Psicologia Educacional Doutor em Educação

The adequacy of the best storage temperature for fruits and vegetables is an essential measure that helps in maintaining quality and extending shelf life. In this sense, this work aimed to study the influence of temperature on the quality of the marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) “in natura”, where the fruits were washed, sanitized with 1,216 µM hypochlorite solution, and stored at 4 different temperatures (0, 6, 12, and 20 ° C) controlling the relative humidity (80 to 90%). The parameters color L*a*b*, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, firmness, total and soluble pectins, enzymes (pectinamethylesterase and polygalacturonase), and vitamin C were analyzed at different storage times. The maximum storage period was 8 days for fruits kept at 0 and 6 °C. The use of higher temperatures (12 and 20 °C) resulted in a shorter storage time (6 and 4 days, respectively). We found that the color parameter L*a*b* was not influenced by time and temperature during the process, while firmness and soluble solids were affected only by temperature. On the other hand, the parameters pH, titratable acidity, total and soluble pectin, enzymes (pectinamethylesterase and polygalacturonase), and vitamin C were influenced by both temperature and storage time (p

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel with various advantages, such as the reduced emissions of toxic gases (CO2, SO2, CO, and HC) when compared to fossil diesel. It can be produced by esterification or transesterification reactions. In this chapter, the application of nanomaterials as a catalyst in these reactions is investigated through a critical review. Thus the catalytic activity and how the catalyst size can improve it are reported. A trend is also established between this catalytic activity and the main reactional parameters (reaction time, temperature, alcohol/oil or acid molar ratio, and catalyst load) in order to obtain the optimized process. Therefore this chapter is divided into a discussion of the state of the art of biodiesel synthesis and nanomaterials (bio-based catalysts) applied in these reactions, as well as the optimization process to obtain the best reaction conditions. Moreover, the chapter also highlights the main methodologies used in nanocatalyst synthesis and their characterization.