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7. Endogenous Opioid Peptides After Floatation Therapy in Resistance-Trained Men

Author

Kraemer, William J., Caldwell, Lydia K., Post, Emily M., Volek, Jeff S., Hagen, Josh M., Newton, Robert U., Häkkinen, Keijo, Omonije, Oluseun, and Maresh, Carl M.

Abstract

Kraemer, WJ, Caldwell, LK, Post, EM, Volek, JS, Hagen, JM, Newton, RU, Häkkinen, K, Omonije, O, and Maresh, CM. Endogenous opioid peptides after floatation therapy in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res38(10): 1808–1812, 2024—Floatation-restricted environmental stimulation therapy (Float-REST) has shown improvements in muscle soreness and fatigue. To determine whether float influences the release of beta-endorphin (β-End) and proenkephalin (ProEnk) after acute heavy resistance exercise, 11 healthy resistance-trained men (age: 22.5 ± 2.3 years; height: 176.4 ± 6.0 cm; body mass: 85.7 ± 6.2 kg, back squat one-repetition maximum: 153.1 ± 20.1 kg; strength-to-mass ratio: 1.8 ± 0.2) completed a within-subject, cross-over controlled study design. Subjects completed 2 exercise testing blocks separated by a 2-week washout. In one block, a 1-hour float session followed the high-intensity resistance exercise protocol (6 × 10 back squats at 80% 1RM, 2 minutes rest). By contrast, recovery in the alternate block consisted of a passive sensory-stimulating control. Blood samples were collected at 5 time points—before exercise, immediately after exercise, after1-hour recovery treatment, 24 hours after exercise, and 48 hours after exercise. Samples were analyzed in duplicate for β-End and ProEnk using ELISA immunoassays. Mean differences were assessed using repeated-measures ANOVA. Plasma β-End demonstrated the expected significant (p≤ 0.05) increase following resistance exercise in both treatment conditions. There were no significant changes with exercise stress for ProEnk precursor peptide. The absence of significant differential changes following Float-REST suggests that these opioid peptides may not underlie the deep relaxation experiences commonly reported with this intervention in trained men. However, practically, it shows that β-End remains consistently similarly increased to high-intensity exercise stress. However, the ProEnk concentrations are detectable and stable but do not respond to the workout protocol, which, as a primary opioid peptide precursor, suggests paracrine cybernetics in the circulation may exist.

Published
2024
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9. Biomarkers

Author

Lee, Elaine Choung-Hee, Leon, Lisa R., Adams, W. Bruce, Arent, Shawn M., Maresh, Carl M., Walsh, Neil P., and Casa, Douglas J., editor

Published
2018
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14. Body Composition in Elite Strongman Competitors

Author

Kraemer, William J., Caldwell, Lydia K., Post, Emily M., DuPont, William H., Martini, Emily R., Ratamess, Nicholas A., Szivak, Tunde K., Shurley, Jason P., Beeler, Matthew K., Volek, Jeff S., Maresh, Carl M., Todd, Janice S., Walrod, Bryant J., Hyde, Parker N., Fairman, Ciaran, and Best, Thomas M.

Published
2020
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17. The Effect of Endurance-Type Exercise Training on Growth Mediators and Inflammatory Cytokines in Pre-Pubertal and Early Pubertal Males

Author

Scheett, Timothy P, Nemet, Dan, Stoppani, James, Maresh, Carl M, Newcomb, Robert, and Cooper, Dan M

Subjects
Paediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Clinical Research, Physical Activity, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric, Body Constitution, Child, Cytokines, Exercise, Growth Substances, Humans, Inflammation Mediators, Puberty, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Public Health and Health Services, Pediatrics
Abstract

Recent studies demonstrate an unexpected reduction in circulating levels of IGF-I after 5 wk of endurance-type exercise training in adolescent boys and girls and prepubertal girls. We hypothesized that the reduction in IGF-I would be accompanied by a training-associated stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6, or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), each of which can inhibit the GH-->IGF-I axis. Healthy boys (age range 9-11 y old, mean Tanner 1.7) volunteered for the study and were randomized to control (n = 14) and training groups (n = 12) for 5 wk. After the intervention, significant increase in fitness was observed in the training group but not control group. Although IGF-I was correlated at baseline to peak oxygen consumption in all subjects, there was a significant decrease in IGF-I and IGF binding protein-3 in the training subjects (-12.8 +/- 7.3% and -17.5 +/- 7%, respectively, p < 0.05). In contrast, IGF binding protein-2, known to inhibit anabolic effects of IGF-I, increased in the training subjects (27.8 +/- 11%, p < 0.02) as did IL-1beta and TNF-alpha (51.5 +/- 30.22%, p < 0.02, and 44.5 +/- 23.2%, p < 0.02, respectively). Finally, we also found that GHBP was inversely correlated with fitness, suggesting altered GH function in more-sedentary boys. Thus, these data support the hypothesis that a sustained increase in physical activity can stimulate proinflammatory cytokines, which may contribute to suppression of the GH-->IGF-I axis. Physical activity can influence growth and development through its influence on anabolic and catabolic mediators.

Published
2002

18. Metabolic characteristics of keto-adapted ultra-endurance runners

Author

Volek, Jeff S., Freidenreich, Daniel J., Saenz, Catherine, Kunces, Laura J., Creighton, Brent C., Bartley, Jenna M., Davitt, Patrick M., Munoz, Colleen X., Anderson, Jeffrey M., Maresh, Carl M., Lee, Elaine C., Schuenke, Mark D., Aerni, Giselle, Kraemer, William J., and Phinney, Stephen D.

Published
2016
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37. Premenstrual Syndrome and Exercise: A Narrative Review.

Author

Sanchez, Barbara N., Kraemer, William J., and Maresh, Carl M.

Subjects
PREMENSTRUAL syndrome, WELL-being, EXERCISE, AFFECTIVE disorders, QUALITY of life, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, FATIGUE (Physiology), ABDOMINAL bloating, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a complex physiological and psychological condition that affects a significant number of women during their reproductive years. Although the exact etiology of PMS remains unclear, its symptoms, including mood swings, bloating, irritability, and fatigue, can significantly impair the quality of life for affected individuals. The management of PMS traditionally involves pharmacological interventions; however, emerging evidence suggests that exercise may offer a valuable non-pharmacological approach to alleviate PMS symptoms. This narrative review aims to explore the proposed etiology, prevalence, and impact PMS has on women as well as examine the literature through which exercise can positively influence PMS symptoms. While the existing literature on exercise and PMS is limited and inconclusive, several studies have reported promising results. Regular exercise has been associated with a reduction in physical and psychological symptoms of PMS including pain, fatigue, mood disturbances, and water retention. Furthermore, exercise has demonstrated its potential to enhance overall well-being and mitigate the negative effects of PMS on daily functioning. Further research is warranted to elucidate the optimal exercise prescription, duration, and intensity required to maximize the benefits and improve the understanding of exercise mechanisms on PMS symptomatology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Arousal/Stress Effects of “Overwatch” eSports Game Competition in Collegiate Gamers

Author

Kraemer, William J., primary, Caldwell, Lydia K., additional, Post, Emily M., additional, Beeler, Matthew K., additional, Emerson, Angela, additional, Volek, Jeff S., additional, Maresh, Carl M., additional, Fogt, Jennifer S., additional, Fogt, Nick, additional, Häkkinen, Keijo, additional, Newton, Robert U., additional, Lopez, Pedro, additional, Sanchez, Barbara N., additional, and Onate, James A., additional

Published
2022
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43. Insulin-like growth factor-I biocompartmentalization across blood, interstitial fluid and muscle, before and after 3 months of chronic resistance exercise

Author

Sterczala, Adam J., primary, Pierce, Joseph R., additional, Barnes, Brian R., additional, Urso, Maria L., additional, Matheny, Ronald W., additional, Scofield, Dennis E., additional, Flanagan, Shawn D., additional, Maresh, Carl M., additional, Zambraski, Edward J., additional, Kraemer, William J., additional, and Nindl, Bradley C., additional

Published
2022
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45. Effect of Overhydration on Time-Trial Swim Performance.

Author

Maresh, Carl M., Bergeron, Michael E., Kenefick, Robert W., Castellani, John W., Hoffman, Jay R., and Armstrong, Lawrence E.

Abstract

Examined whether moderate overhydration would enhance the performance of otherwise euhydrated collegiate swimmers during two 183-meter time-trial swims held 3 days apart. Participants swam in alternate, randomized euhydrated, and overhydrated states. Results indicated that euhydration before an intense, short-duration swim was adequate for peak performance, and overhydration provided no performance advantage. (SM)

Published
2001

46. Changes of Hydration Measures in Elite National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Wrestlers.

Author

Borden, Emily C., Kraemer, William J., Walrod, Bryant J., Post, Emily M., Caldwell, Lydia K., Beeler, Matthew K., DuPont, William H., Anders, John Paul, Martini, Emily R., Volek, Jeff S., and Maresh, Carl M.

Subjects
BIOMARKERS, BLOOD testing, BODY weight, HYDRATION, INFORMED consent (Medical law), HEALTH policy, STATURE, THIRST, URINALYSIS, WRESTLING, VISUAL analog scale, OSMOLAR concentration
Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in the state of hydration in elite National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college wrestlers during and after a season. Methods: Ohio State University wrestling team members (N = 6; mean [SD] age = 19.6 [1.1] y; height = 171.6 [2.9] cm: body mass = 69.5 [8.1] kg) gave informed consent to participate in the investigation with measurements (ie, body mass, urine-specific gravity [USG; 2 methods]. Visual Analog Scale thirst scale, plasma osmolality) obtained during and after the season. Results: Measurements for USG, regardless of methods, were not significantly different between visits, but plasma osmolality was significantly (P=. 001) higher at the beginning of the season--295.5 (4.9) mOsm·kg-1 compared with 279.6 (6.1) mOsm· kg-1 after the season. No changes in thirst ratings were observed, and the 2 measures of USG were highly correlated (r > .9, P= .000) at each time point, but USG and plasma osmolality were not related. Conclusions: A paradox in the clinical interpretation of euhydration in the beginning of the season was observed with the USG, indicating that the wrestlers were properly hydrated, while the plasma osmolality showed they were not. Thus, the tracking of hydration status during the season is a concern when using only NCAA policies and procedures. The wrestlers did return to normal euhydration levels after the season on both biomarkers, which is remarkable, as previous studies have indicated that this may not happen because of the reregulation of the osmol-regulatory center in the brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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49. Skeletal Muscle Gene Expression In Elite Ultra-endurance Athletes Habitually Consuming Very Low-carbohydrate or High-carbohydrate Diets: 1445 Board #98 June 2, 9: 00 AM - 10: 30 AM

Author

Saenz, Catherine, Freidenreich, Daniel J., Kunces, Laura J., Bartley, Jenna M., Creighton, Brent C., Aerni, Giselle A., Anderson, Jeffrey M., Davitt, Patrick M., Munoz, Colleen X., Lee, Elaine C., Opiyo, Stephen O., Maresh, Carl M., Kraemer, William J., and Volek, Jeff S.

Published
2016
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