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The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) has the primary responsibility for the seismic surveillance service of the Italian territory and the tsunami alert in the Mediterranean Sea.The activities in the monitoring room at the INGV National Earthquake Observatory headquarters in Rome (hereafter INGV-Rome), are carried on by two seismologists, one tsunami specialist and one technician/engineer who work in three shifts a day to provide monitoring service on a 24/7 basis. They calculate, as rapidly and accurately as possible, the location and size of all Italian earthquakes with M2.5+ and swiftly disseminate such information to emergency authorities, to government agencies, to the public and the media by different platforms (email, text message, and via Facebook and Twitter). Starting with hypocentral and magnitude parameters, the moment tensors, the historical seismicity map and the shakemaps are also published in (near) real time.In addition, the INGV-Rome monitoring room hosts the Italian Tsunami Alert Center (CAT-INGV). CAT-INGV is one of the Tsunami Service Providers acting in the North-eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean and connected sea (NEAM) region of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC)/UNESCO and is responsible for monitoring the seismicity of the Mediterranean Sea and disseminating tsunami alert messages to member States and EU agencies subscribing its services. The operation and the performance of the INGV monitoring system is ensured by a dedicated research and IT staff who facilitate real-time waveform acquisition and distribution, develop real-time seismic processing systems and new processing algorithms., The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

Coda-Q is used to estimate the attenuation and scattering properties of the Earth. So far focus has been on earthquake data at frequencies above 1 Hz, as the high noise level in the first and second microseismic peak, and possibly lower scattering coefficient, hinder stable measurements at lower frequencies. In this work, we measure and map coda-Q in the period bands 2.5-5 s, 5-10 s and 10-20 s in the greater Alpine region using noise cross-correlations between station pairs, based on data from permanent seismic stations and from the temporary AlpArray experiment. The observed coda-Q for short interstation distances is independent of azimuth so there is no indication of influence of the directivity of the incoming noise field on our measurements. In the 2.5-5 s and 5-10 s period bands, our measurements are self-consistent, and we observe stable geographic patterns of low and high coda-Q in the period bands 2.5-5 s and 5-10 s. In the period band 10-20 s, the dispersion of our measurements increases and geographic patterns become speculative. The coda-Q maps show that major features are observed with high resolution, with a very good geographical resolution of for example low coda-Q in the Po Plain. There is a sharp contrast between the Po Plain and the Alps and Apennines where coda-Q is high, with the exception a small area in the Swiss Alps which may be contaminated by the low coda-Q of the Po Plain. The coda of the correlations is too short to make independent measurements at different times within the coda, so we cannot distinguish between intrinsic and scattering Q. Measurements on more severely selected data sets and longer time-series result in identical geographical patterns but lower numerical values. Therefore, high coda-Q values may be overestimated, but the geographic distribution between high and low coda-Q areas is respected. Our results demonstrate that noise correlations are a promising tool for extending coda-Q measurements to frequencies lower than those analysed with earthquake data.

This study focuses on body sizeeabundance distributions of nano- and micro-phytoplankton guilds in coastal marine areas of the Southern AdriaticeIonian region. The aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of common patterns of body sizeeabundance distributions in relation to physical, chemical and biological environmental forcing factors and to taxonomic composition of phytoplankton guilds. This paper is based on data collected during four oceanographic cruises carried out seasonally along the Southern Apulian coast (Adriatic and Ionian Seas, SE Italy) as a part of the INTERREG II ItalyeGreece Program. The study was performed at 21 stations located on 7 transects perpendicular to the coastline, with 3 stations per transect at a distance of 3, 9 and 15 NM from the coastline. At each station, profiles of the major physical features of the water were determined and water samples were collected for phytoplankton and nutrient analysis. Overall, 320 nano- and micro-phytoplankton taxa were identified, 76% of which at species level, with phytoplankton cells ranging in size from 0.008 to 4697.54 ng. Body sizeeabundance distributions showed some common features: they were relatively invariant (average similarity 65%) with respect to taxonomic composition (average similarity 32%), right skewed (90%), leptokurtic (77%) and log normal (76%). Moreover, abiotic, biotic and spatial ecosystem components accounted for up to 75% of body sizeeabundance distribution variation. The results of this study suggest that body sizeeabundance distributions are an intrinsic property of marine phytoplankton communities, emphasising functional dependence on ecological constraints related to trophic factors and intra-guild coexistence relationships.

Rapid-response seismic networks are an important element in the response to seismic crises. They temporarily improve the detection performance of permanent monitoring systems during seismic sequences. The improvement in earthquake detection and location capabilities can be important for decision makers to assess the current situation, and can provide invaluable data for scientific studies related to hazard, tectonics and earthquake physics. Aftershocks and the clustering of the locations of seismic events help to characterize the dimensions of the causative fault. Knowing the number, size and timing of the aftershocks or the clustering seismic events can help in the foreseeing of the characteristics of future seismic sequences in the same tectonic environment. Instrumental rapid response requires a high degree of preparedness. A mission in response to a magnitude (Ml) 6 event with a rupture length of a few tens of kilometers might involve the deployment within hours to days of 30-50 seismic stations in the middle of a disaster area of some hundreds of square kilometers, and the installation of an operational center to help in the logistics and communications. When an earthquake strikes in a populated area, which is almost always the case in Italy, driving the relevant seismic response is more difficult. […]

The temporary Extended Pollino Seismic Experiment (FDSN network code Y4) monitored the earthquake swarm in the Pollino Range region, Italy, between September 2014 and April 2015. The experiment followed the Pollino Seismic Experiment, 2012-2014 (network code: 4A) [1] in the same area, further enhancing the detection and analysis capabilities there. It was part of a collaborative effort made by the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) and the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) within the CCMP-Pompei, FEFI and NERA projects. The Pollino Range region is located at the transition from the Southern Apennines chain to the Calabrian arc. Striking a volume of about 20x20x15 km, the swarm started in October 2010, culminated in a Mw=5.2 on 25 October 2012 and has continued since with a variable rate of activity. The area represents a seismic gap as there are no documented historical M>6 earthquakes during the last thousand years. The tectonic structures of the area are poorly known. The Y4 network consisted of 19 stations including 14 broadband and five short-period instruments. All instruments were provided by the Geophysical Instrument Pool Potsdam (GIPP) and the CCMP-Pompei project at GFZ and INGV. They were complemented by another four temporary IV stations installed by INGV. The short-period stations had Mark L-4C3D sensors with EDR digitizers. The broadband stations were equipped with STS2.5 seismometers and RefTek RT130S digitizers or Güralp CMG-ESP or Güralp CMG-40T seismometers and EDR digitizers. Eleven broadband (CSA0 to CSA10) were installed in a small-aperture detection array in the west of the range. The other eight stations (broadband: CSB, CSE, CSD0 and short period: CSF, CSG, CSH, CSI, CSK) formed a network in the swarm area. The array and the network stations recorded in continuous mode at 200 Hz. The sensors were buried in the ground at 0.5 m depth except for CSB, CSE and CSD0 which were installed on the surface. High-precision station coordinates were obtained by using differential GPS measurements. The data have been used to analyze the earthquakes and seismogenetic structures and to discern the characteristics of the swarm sequence. Waveform data will be fully open after April 2017. [1] Pollino Seismic Experiment, 2012-2014, doi:10.14470/9N904956