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In January 2022 the new Dutch Civic Integration programme was launched together with promises of improvements it would bring in facilitating the ‘integration’ of newcomers to the Netherlands. This study presents a critical discourse analysis of texts intended for municipalities to take on their new coordinating role in this programme. The analysis aims to understand the discourse in the texts, which actors are mobilized by them, and the role these texts and these actors play in processes of governmental racialization. The analysis demonstrates shifting complex assemblages are brought into cascades of governance in which all actors are disciplined to accept the problem of integration as a problem of cultural difference and distance, and then furthermore disciplined to adopt new practices deemed necessary to identify and even ‘objectively’ measure the inherent traits contributing to this problematic. Lastly, the analysis displays that all actors are disciplined to accept the solution of ‘spontaneous compliance’; a series of practices and knowledges, which move the civic integration programme beyond an aim of responsibilization, into a programme of internalization, wherein newcomers are expected to own and address their problematic ‘nature’, making ‘modern’ values their own.

Samenvatting:Bij het evalueren van gezondheidsbevordering is het van belang de beoogde doelgroep erbij te betrekken. In de praktijk wordt participatieve evaluatie echter nog onvoldoende ingezet. Om professionals te helpen de doelgroep bij de evaluatie te betrekken werd hiervoor in het kader van de JOGG-aanpak (Gezonde Jeugd, Gezonde Toekomst, voorheen: Jongeren Op Gezond Gewicht) een instrument ontwikkeld. Hoewel het samen met de JOGG-professionals is ontwikkeld, bleek dit instrument niet goed aan te sluiten bij hun behoeften. In dit artikel reflecteren we op hoe dit komt en delen we de geleerde lessen. Ongelijkwaardige samenwerking tussen onderzoekers en professionals heeft er aan bijgedragen dat praktijkbehoeften onvoldoende in het evaluatie-instrument zijn meegenomen. Daarnaast ervaren professionals zelf verschillende uitdagingen bij participatieve evaluatie, omdat de context waarin zij werken hen hierin onvoldoende faciliteert.Abstract: Participation of the target group is important in evaluating health promotion. However, in practice the use of participatory evaluation is still limited. To support professionals within the JOGG (Healthy Youth, Healthy Future, previously Youth At a Healthy Weight) rogramme with participatory evaluation a tool was developed. Although this tool was developed with professionals, it did not meet their needs. In this article we reflect on the development of the tool and share lessons learned. Unequal collaboration between researchers and professionals may have contributed to the needs of professionals being insufficiently taken into account. Additionally, professionals themselves experience challenges with participatory evaluation, because the context in which they work does not facilitate participatory evaluation.

AIM: To explore concurrent validity, convergent validity, interrater reliability, test-retest reliability, and Rasch model analysis of the School Participation Questionnaire (SPQ), a tool for teachers to assess personal and environmental determinants of school participation.METHOD: Teachers of children with additional support needs, including intellectual disability, autism, and learning difficulties completed measures. Data were collected using the SPQ and the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY). Test-retest and interrater reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's alpha. Concurrent and convergent validity were explored via correlations with the PEM-CY. Further psychometrics were examined using a Rasch model.RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-seven children (136 [72.7%] male; mean age 9y [range 5y 6mo-12y 10mo, SD 2y]) were assessed by 67 teachers. Cronbach's alpha, test-retest, and interrater reliability were acceptable-excellent across each SPQ scale (alphas=0.89, 0.9, 0.94, 0.79; test-retest ICCs=0.64, 0.61, 0.78, 0.62; interrater ICCs=0.85, 0.71, 0.90, 0.81). Concurrent and convergent validity were confirmed with significant positive correlations between SPQ and PEM-CY. After Mokken and Rasch model analysis, person and item reliability were good, and unidimensionality was confirmed. Mean administration time was 8.2 minutes.INTERPRETATION: The results suggest that the SPQ is a rapid, reliable, and valid tool for assessment of participation-related indicators in schools.

BACKGROUND Due to the demographic trends and increasing healthcare costs, quick discharge with geriatric rehabilitation at home is advised and recommended for older adults. Telerehabilitation has been identified as a promising tool to support rehabilitation at home. However, there is insufficient knowledge on how to implement a validated home telerehabilitation system in other contexts. One of the major challenges for health professionals is transitioning to a blended work process in which human coaching is supplemented by digital care. OBJECTIVE This study aims to depict the factors that influence the implementation of an evidence-based sensor monitoring intervention for older adults (SMI) from the perspectives of health professionals working in two different health ecosystems: 1) professionals in the Netherlands who have previously worked with the sensor monitoring intervention, and, 2) professionals in the province of Manitoba (Canada) who have not previously worked with the sensor monitoring intervention by mapping of the barriers and facilitators of using the intervention METHODS We adopted a qualitative study design to conduct two focus groups, one in-person in the Netherlands and one online via Zoom (due to covid-19) in Canada, to explore stakeholders’ perspectives on implementing SMI. Qualitative data obtained were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The participants expressed different characteristics of the telerehabilitation intervention that contributed to making the intervention successful for the at-home rehabilitation: 1) Focus on future participation goals; 2) The technology support provides the professionals with objective and additional insight into the daily functioning of the older adults at home; 3) The SMI can be used as a goal-setting tool; 4) The SMI deepens their contact with older adults. The analysis showed facilitators and barriers to the implementation of the telerehabilitation intervention. These included i. personal/client related, ii. therapist related, and iii. technology related. CONCLUSIONS Health professionals believed telerehabilitation could be suitable for monitoring and supporting older adults’ rehabilitation at home. To better guide the implementation of telerehabilitation in the daily practice of health professionals the following steps are needed: 1) ensuring technology is feasible for communities with limited digital health literacy, and cognitive impairments; 2) developing instruction tools and guidelines and 3) training and coaching of professionals. CLINICALTRIAL NA

Aim: Informal caregivers share common experiences in providing care to someone with health and/or social needs, but at the same time their experiences differ across diverse backgrounds such as gender, age, culture, as these aspects of diversity co-shape these experiences. This scoping review aims to explore how aspects of diversity, across their intersections, are currently incorporated in informal care research and discusses how an intersectional perspective can further develop our understanding of informal care. Methods: A scoping review was performed to map relevant caregiving literature from an intersectionality perspective. Key terms ‘informal care’ and ‘intersectionality’ were used for a search in four databases resulting in the inclusion of 28 articles. All 28 studies were analysed based on a scoping review created intersectionality informed coding scheme. Results: Aspects of diversity are largely understudied in informal care research, in particular across their intersections and from a critical perspective. This intersectional informed analysis revealed that when studying diverse caregiving experiences the use of intersections of dimensions of diversity provides a nuanced understanding of these experiences. Conclusions: Adopting an intersectional perspective ensures that not only different categories or social identities of caregivers are included in future studies, but the mutual relationships between these categories embedded in their specific context are actually studied.

AIMS: The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) can be used to support children to clarify their needs themselves. However, for pediatric occupational therapists it is not sufficiently clear how to effectively use the COPM with children from 8 years of age.This study aimed to formulate specific instructions for using the COPM with children themselves, based on the experience of children, parents, and occupational therapists. In addition, professional consensus on the instructions was reached.METHODS: A multi-stage approach was used to develop the instructions. Triangulation of methods was used to gather knowledge of how the COPM with children themselves is performed in daily practice: interviews with 23 children, questionnaires completed by 30 parents, interviews with 13 therapists, and 10 video recordings of COPM administration. Specific instructions were derived from this knowledge and consensus for these instructions was reached by Delphi method.RESULTS: The data were analyzed and resulted in 40 specific instructions. Consensus of at least 80% amongst 10 occupational therapists, who regularly use the COPM with children, was achieved on each instruction.CONCLUSION: There is consensus on 40 specific instructions for administering the COPM with children. Following these instructions might help children to formulate their own goals for intervention.

European civic integration programs claim to provide newcomers with necessary tools for successful participation. Simultaneously, these programs have been criticized for being restrictive, market-driven, and for working towards an implicit goal of limiting migration. Authors have questioned how these programs discursively construct an offensive image of the Other and how colonial histories are reproduced in the constructions seen today. The Dutch civic integration program is considered a leading example of a restrictive program within Europe. Research has critically questioned the discourses within its policies, yet limited research has moved beyond policy to focus on discourse in texts in practice. This study presents a critical discourse analysis of texts used in practice within the civic integration program and demonstrates that they participate in multiple discursive constructions: the construction of the Dutch nation state and its citizens as inherently modern, the construction of the Other as Unmodern and thus a threat, and the construction of the hierarchical relationship between the two. The civic integration program has been left out of discussions on decolonization to date, contributing to it remaining a core practice of othering. This study applies post-colonial theories to understand the impacts of current discourse, and forwards possibilities for consideration of decolonized alternatives.

Das PEOP-Modell geht davon aus, dass sich Person, Umwelt und Betätigung gegenseitig beeinflussen. Damit tragen sie zu Partizipation, Performanz und Wohlbefinden bei. Das Modell ist eine Unterstützung für Ergotherapeuten, um die Betätigungsanliegen ihrer Klienten ganzheitlich zu betrachten.

Objectivesto test the effects of an intervention involving sensor monitoring-informed occupational therapy on top of a cognitive behavioural treatment (CBT)-based coaching therapy on daily functioning in older patients after hip fracture.Design, setting and patientsthree-armed randomised stepped wedge trial in six skilled nursing facilities, with assessments at baseline (during admission) and after 1, 4 and 6 months (at home). Eligible participants were hip fracture patients ≥ 65 years old.Interventionspatients received care as usual, CBT-based occupational therapy or CBT-based occupational therapy with sensor monitoring. Interventions comprised a weekly session during institutionalisation, followed by four home visits and four telephone consultations over three months.Main outcomes and measuresthe primary outcome was patient-reported daily functioning at 6 months, assessed with the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.Resultsa total of 240 patients (mean[SD] age, 83.8[6.9] years were enrolled. At baseline, the mean Canadian Occupational Performance Measure scores (range 1–10) were 2.92 (SE 0.20) and 3.09 (SE 0.21) for the care as usual and CBT-based occupational therapy with sensor monitoring groups, respectively. At six months, these values were 6.42 (SE 0.47) and 7.59 (SE 0.50). The mean patient-reported daily functioning in the CBT-based occupational therapy with sensor monitoring group was larger than that in the care as usual group (difference 1.17 [95% CI (0.47-1.87) P = 0.001]. We found no significant differences in daily functioning between CBT-based occupational therapy and care as usual.Conclusions and relevanceamong older patients recovering from hip fracture, a rehabilitation programme of sensor monitoring-informed occupational therapy was more effective in improving patient-reported daily functioning at six months than to care as usual.Trial registrationDutch National Trial Register, NTR 5716.

An emerging body of research indicates that active arts engagement can enhance older adults’ health and experienced well-being, but scientific evidence is still fragmented. There is a research gap in understanding arts engagement grounded in a multidimensional conceptualization of the value of health and well-being from older participants’ perspectives. This Dutch nation-wide study aimed to explore the broader value of arts engagement on older people’s perceived health and well-being in 18 participatory arts-based projects (dance, music, singing, theater, visual arts, video, and spoken word) for community-dwelling older adults and those living in long term care facilities. In this study, we followed a participatory design with narrative- and arts-based inquiry. We gathered micro-narratives from older people and their (in)formal caregivers (n = 470). The findings demonstrate that arts engagement, according to participants, resulted in (1) positive feelings, (2) personal and artistic growth, and (3) increased meaningful social interactions. This study concludes that art-based practices promote older people’s experienced well-being and increase the quality of life of older people. This study emphasizes the intrinsic value of arts engagement and has implications for research and evaluation of arts engagement.

BACKGROUND: There are no validated assessment tools for evaluating quality of schoolwork task performance of children living in German-speaking Europe (GSE).OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the international age-normative means of the School Version of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (School AMPS) are valid for use in GSE.METHODS: The participants were 159 typically-developing children, 3-12 years, from GSE. We examined the proportions of School AMPS measures falling within ±2 standard deviation (SD) of the international age-normative means, and evaluated for significant group differences (p RESULTS: At least 95% of the GSE School AMPS measures fell within ±2 SD of the international age-normative means for the School AMPS. The only significant mean differences were for 6- (p CONCLUSIONS: Because the only identified clinically meaningful difference was associated with likely scoring error of one rater, the international age-normative means of the School AMPS appear to be valid for use with children in GSE.

While many health-care issues and technological solutions are viewed locally, developing new technological solutions might benefit from lessons learned globally. The aim of this study was to develop a shared international research agenda of health-care ICT, applied to rehabilitation and daily living support. This study was focused on sensor technology and social robots used for supporting older persons in the Netherlands (Amsterdam) and Japan (Tokyo). Three researchers from Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences visited Japan and four researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University visited the Netherlands and conducted field-visits and mutual presentations. Using a nominal group technique (NGT) facilitated the expert panel deliberations. Research priorities were identified qualitatively through in-action critical reflection on emerging ideas, and quantitatively by ranking of identified knowledge gaps (using the Mentimeter© app). The resulting joint research agenda identified topics around the utility of sensor monitoring and processes of acceptance of health-care ICT among older persons and occupational therapists. The agenda was complemented by formulating underlying assumptions prescribing such research to be embedded in real-life situations with the participation of stakeholders.

Background: We report development of the SPQ (School Participation Questionnaire) a teachercompleted measure of participation related constructs. The SPQ was developed to support participation-related assessment, interventions, and research in the inclusive school context. Methods: Several iterative steps were undertaken. An international panel of experts reviewed content validity. A 66-item pilot questionnaire was administered in schools. Mokken and Rasch model analysis were applied. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Analyses were conducted on associations with teacher and child demographic variables. Feedback was sourced from users. Participants were teachers of 101 children (5− 12 years old) with a range of disabilities, including intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder and learning difficulties. Results: Four participation-related dimensions of the SPQ were confirmed. Rasch person and item reliability were good, and 2–4 strata were confirmed per scale. Internal consistency was good (all scales, Cronbach α > 0.8). Mean administration time was 11.7 min. Mean SPQ scores were independent of teacher characteristics. A significant effect of school support level, eligibility for free school meals and gender was found. Through synthesising analytic results and feedback, a new 46-item tool was obtained. Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence of acceptability, practicality and validity. The SPQ is the first tool developed to assess participation related constructs in schools, and it contains novel information not given by other assessments. The SPQ may be used by practitioners and researchers to understand and improve the participation of children with a range of disabilities in schools., NHS Lothian, City of Edinburgh Council, Scottish Government

Objective: To gain insight into what older adults after hip fracture perceive as most beneficial to their recovery to everyday life.Design: Qualitative research approach.Setting: Six skilled nursing facilities.Participants: 19 older community dwelling older adults (aged 65–94), who had recently received geriatric rehabilitation after hip fracture.Methods: semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 older adults after hip fracture. Coding techniques based on constructivist grounded theory were applied.Results: Four categories were derived from the data: ‘restrictions for everyday life’, ‘recovery process’, ‘resources for recovery’ and ‘performing everyday activities’. Physical and psychological restrictions are consequences of hip fracture that older adults have struggled to address during recovery. Three different resources were found to be beneficial for recovery; ‘supporting and coaching’,‘myself’ and ‘technological support’. These resources influenced the recovery process. Having successful experiences during recovery led to doing everyday activities in the same manner as before; unsuccessful experiences led to ceasing certain activities altogether.Conclusion: Participants highlight their own role (‘myself’) as essential for recovery. Additionally, coaching provides emotional support, which boosts self-confidence in performing everyday activities. Furthermore, technology can encourage older adults to become more active and being engaged in the recovery process. The findings suggest that more attention should be paid to follow-up interventions after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation to support older adults in finding new routines in their everyday activities. A conceptual model is presented and provides an understanding of the participants’ experiences and perspectives concerning their process of recovery after hip fracture to everyday life.

Item does not contain fulltext PURPOSE: Establishing construct validity of the ACS-NL in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHOD: Discriminative validity was established in 191 community-dwelling individuals with PD using an extreme groups design (Hoehn and Yahr stages 1 and 3). Convergent validity was determined by relating the performance scores of the ACS-NL to the scores of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) scores, and relating ACS-NL satisfaction scores to the COPM scores and to the Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation Participation (USER-P). RESULTS: The ACS-NL discriminated between individuals with PD with H&Y stages 1 and 3 (U = 524.5, Z = -5.453). ACS-NL performance scores correlated weakly with COPM scores (r = (0).19) and moderately with PDQ-39 scores (r = 0.44-0.55). The ACS-NL satisfaction scores correlated weakly with COPM scores (r = 0.23), and moderately with USER-P scores (r >/= 0.40). CONCLUSIONS: This study contributed to the validation of the ACS-NL. The assessment enhances the possibility of monitoring participation in activities in individuals with PD. Implications for Rehabilitation The ACS-NL appears to hold good potential for use in the assessment of participation in activities in individuals with PD. The ACS-NL has added value parallel to administration of other instruments measuring participation (COPM) and quality of life (PDQ-39). This study demonstrates the capacity of the ACS to measure a unique construct of participation and helps to improve the psychometric properties and administration of the ACS-NL in practice.

Many cancer patients and cancer survivors experience physical, psychological, and social problems due to the disease and its treatment, which impact negatively on their health-related quality of li...

When children are not ready to write, assessment of fine motor coordination may be indicated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate which fine motor test, the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) or the newly developed Timed Test of In-Hand Manipulation (Timed-TIHM), correlates best with handwriting readiness as measured by the Writing Readiness Inventory Tool In Context-Task Performance (WRITIC-TP). From the 119 participating children, 43 were poor performers. Convergent validity of the 9-HPT and Timed-TIHM with WRITIC-TP was determined, and test-retest reliability of the Timed-TIHM was examined in 59 children. The results showed that correlations of the 9-HPT and Timed-TIHM with the WRITIC-TP were similar (rs = -0.40). The 9-HPT and the complex rotation subtask of the Timed-TIHM had a low correlation with the WRITIC-TP in poor performers (rs = -0.30 and -0.32 respectively). Test-retest reliability of the Timed-TIHM was significant (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.71). Neither of these two fine motor tests is appeared superior. They both relate to different aspects of fine motor performance. One of the limitations of the methodology was unequal numbers of children in subgroups. It is recommended that further research is indicated to evaluate the relation between development of fine motor coordination and handwriting proficiency, on the Timed-TIHM in different age groups.

We investigated the predictive value of a new kindergarten assessment of handwriting readiness on handwriting performance in first grade as evaluated by the Systematic Screening for Handwriting Difficulties (Dutch abbreviation: SOS). The kindergarten assessment consisted of the Writing Readiness Inventory Tool In Context (WRITIC), the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (Beery(TM)VMI) and the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT). The WRITIC evaluates in kindergarten children (aged 5-6 years) prewriting skills, the Beeryll(TM)VMI and 9-HPT evaluate visual motor integration and fine-motor coordination, all elements important for handwriting readiness. In kindergarten, 109 children (55 boys; mean age 70 months, SD 4.8 months) were tested with the WRITIC, Beery(TM)VMI and 9-HPT and one year later in first grade (mean age 85 months, SD 4.5 months) with the SOS. A multivariable linear mixed model was used to identify variables that independently predict outcomes in first grade (SOS): baseline scores on WRITIC-TP, Beery(TM)VMI, 9-HPT, 'sustained attention,' gender,'age' and 'intervention' in the intermediate period. The results showed that WRITIC-TP, Beery(TM)VMI, and 9-HPT, 'sustained attention,' gender' and 'intervention' had all predictive value on the handwriting outcome. Thereby WRITIC-TP was the main predictor for outcome of SOS-Quality, and Beery(TM)VMI and 9-HPT were the main predictors of SOS-Speed. This kindergarten assessment of WRITIC-TP, Beery(TM)VMI, and 9-HPT contributes to the detection of children at risk for developing handwriting problems. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

In Dutch policy and at the societal level, informal caregivers are ideally seen as essential team members when creating, together with professionals, co-ordinated support plans for the persons for whom they care. However, collaboration between professionals and informal caregivers is not always effective. This can be explained by the observation that caregivers and professionals have diverse backgrounds and frames of reference regarding providing care. This thematic synthesis sought to examine and understandhow professionals experience collaboration with informal caregivers to strengthen the care triad. PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, Cochrane/Central and CINAHL were searched systematically until May 2015, using specific key words and inclusion criteria. Twenty-two articles were used for thematic synthesis. Seven themes revealed different reflections by professionals illustrating the complex, multi-faceted and dynamic interfaceof professionals and informal care. Working in collaboration with informal caregivers requires professionals to adopt a different way of functioning. Specific attention should be paid to the informal caregiver, where the focus now is mainly on the client for whom they care. This is difficult to attain due to different restrictions experienced by professionals on policy and individual levels. Specific guidelines and training for the professionals are necessary in the light of the current policy changes in the Netherlands,where an increased emphasis is placed on informal care structures.

Purpose: The early detection of a decline in daily functioning of independently living older people can aid health care professionals in providing preventive interventions. To monitor daily activity patterns and, thereby detect a decline in daily functioning, new technologies, such as sensors can be placed in the home environment. The purpose of this qualitative study was to determine the perspectives of older people regarding the use of sensor monitoring in their daily lives. Design and Methods: We conducted indepth, semistructured interviews with 11 persons between 68 and 93 years who had a sensor monitoring system installed in their home. The data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Results: The interviewed older persons positively valued sensor monitoring and indicated that the technology served as a strategy to enable independent living. The participants perceived that the system contributed to their sense of safety as an important premise for independent living. Some of the participants stated that it helped them to remain active. The potential privacy violation was not an issue for the participants. The participants considered that health care professionals’ continuous access to their sensor data and use of the data for their safety outweighed the privacy concerns. Implications: These results provide new evidence that older persons experience sensor monitoring as an opportunity or strategy that contributes to independent living and that does not disturb their natural way of living. Based on this study, the development of new strategies to provide older people with access to their sensor data must be further explored.

ObjectivesTo study sensor monitoring (use of a sensor network placed in the home environment to observe individuals' daily functioning (activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living)) as a method to measure and support daily functioning for older people living independently at home.DesignSystematic review.SettingParticipants' homes.ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling individuals aged 65 and older.MeasurementsA systematic search in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, INSPEC, and The Cochrane Library was performed for articles published between 2000 and October 2012. All study designs, studies that described the use of wireless sensor monitoring to measure or support daily functioning for independently living older people, studies that included community-dwelling individuals aged 65 and older, and studies that focused on daily functioning as a primary outcome measure were included.ResultsSeventeen articles met the inclusion criteria. Nine studies used sensor monitoring solely as a method for measuring daily functioning and detecting changes in daily functioning. These studies focused on the technical investigation of the sensor monitoring method used. The other studies investigated clinical applications in daily practice. The sensor data could enable healthcare professionals to detect alert conditions and periods of decline and could enable earlier intervention, although limited evidence of the effect of interventions was found in these studies because of a lack of high methodological quality.ConclusionStudies on the effectiveness of sensor monitoring to support people in daily functioning remain scarce. A road map for further development is proposed.

I. PLAATSBEPALING EN IDENTITEIT VAN DE ERGOTHERAPIE 1. Oorsprong en ontwikkeling van het beroep 2. Ergotherapie in een dynamische zorgsector 3. Paradigma en toepassingsgebied van de ergotherapie 4. Interculturele beschouwing II. THEORIEEN EN MODELLEN IN DE ERGOTHERAPIE 5. Adaptation through occupation model 6. Model of human occupation 7. Adaptive skills model 8. Cognitive disability model 9. Activity health model 10. Canadian model of occupation performance 11. Interculturele beschouwing bij de ergotherapeutische praktijkmodellen 12. Procesmodellen in de ergotherapie 13. Ontwikkelingstheorieen 14. Leertheorieen 15. Systeemtheorie 16. Patientenvoorlichting 17. Revalidatie 18. Rehabilitatie 19. Klinisch redeneren III. TAAKGEBIEDEN IN DE ERGOTHERAPIE 20. Methodisch handelen en de taakgebieden 21. Taakgebied behandelen 22. Taakgebied trajectbegeleiding 23. Taakgebied adviseren 24. Taakgebied ontwikkeling, onderzoek en organisatie 25. Interculturele beschouwing bij methodisch handelen in de taakgebieden

BACKGROUND: The performance of activities of daily living (ADL) at home is important for the recovery of older individuals after hip fracture. However, 20-90% of these individuals lose ADL function and never fully recover. It is currently unknown to what extent occupational therapy (OT) with coaching based on cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) improves recovery. The same holds for sensor monitoring-based coaching in addition to OT. Here, we describe the design of a study investigating the effect of sensor monitoring embedded in an OT rehabilitation program on the recovery of ADL among older individuals after hip fracture.METHODS/ DESIGN: Six nursing homes will be randomized in a three-arm stepped wedge cluster randomized trial. All nursing homes will initially provide standard care. At designated time points, nursing homes, successively and in random order, will cross over to the provision of OT and at the next time point, to sensor monitoring-enhanced OT. A total of 288 older individuals, previously living alone in the community, who after a hip fracture were admitted to a geriatric rehabilitation ward for a short-term rehabilitation, will be enrolled. Individuals in the first intervention group (OTc) will participate in an OT rehabilitation program with coaching based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) principles. In the sensor monitoring group, sensor monitoring is added to the OT intervention (OTcsm). Participants will receive a sensor monitoring system consisting of (i) an activity monitor during nursing home stay, (ii) a sensor monitoring system at home and a (iii) a web-based feedback application. These components will be embedded in the OT. The OT consists of a weekly session with an occupational therapist during the nursing home stay followed by four home visits and four telephone consultations. The primary outcome is patient-perceived daily functioning at 6 months, assessed using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM).DISCUSSION: As far as we know, this study is the first large-scale stepped wedge trial, studying the effect of sensor monitoring embedded in an OT coaching program. The study will provide new knowledge on the combined intervention of sensor monitoring and coaching in OT as a part of a rehabilitation program to enable older individuals to perform everyday activities and to remain living independently after hip fracture.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Netherlands National Trial Register, NTR 5716 Date registered: April 1 2016.

The purpose of this article was to describe a child-friendly modified constraint-induced movement therapy protocol that is combined with goal-directed task-specific bimanual training (mCIMT-BiT). This detailed description elucidates the approach and supports various research reports. This protocol is used in a Pirate play group setting and aims to extend bimanual skills in play and self-care activities for children with cerebral palsy and unilateral spastic paresis of the upper limb. To illustrate the content and course of treatment and its effect, a case report of a two-year-old boy is presented. After the eight-week mCIMT-BiT intervention, the child improved the capacity of his affected arm and hand in both quantitative and qualitative terms and his bimanual performance in daily life as assessed by the Assisting Hand Assessment, ABILHAND-Kids, Video Observations Aarts and Aarts Module Determine Developmental Disregard, Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and Goal Attainment Scaling. It is argued that improvement of affected upper-limb capacity in a test situation may be achieved and retained relatively easily, but it may take a lot more training to stabilize the results and automate motor control of the upper limb. Future studies with groups of children should elaborate on these intensity and generalization issues.

Contains fulltext : 97368.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) AIM: To establish if there are psychometrically sound standardized tests or test items to assess handwriting readiness in 5- and 6-year-old children on the levels of occupations activities/tasks and performance. METHOD: Electronic databases were searched to identify measurement instruments. Tests were included in a systematic review if: (1) participants are 5 and 6 years old, (2) the focus was on handwriting readiness, and (3) the measurement was standardized. In the second step a further electronic search was undertaken for selected relevant measurement instruments to evaluate the content, psychometric properties, and feasibility of these instruments. RESULTS: The search identified 1113 citations. In the final selection 39 articles with information about 12 tests were included. The content, feasibility, and psychometric properties of these 12 tests were evaluated and none of the instruments was satisfactory, according to the specific criteria. INTERPRETATION: None of the instruments include all necessary components to evaluate writing readiness. Therefore, the development of an all encompassing assessment is necessary to test handwriting readiness and to make tailored interventions possible.

A new computer software program to score video observations, Video Observations Aarts and Aarts (VOAA) was developed to evaluate paediatric occupational therapy interventions. The VOAA is an observation tool that assesses the frequency, duration and quality of arm/hand use in children, in particular those with cerebral palsy. Reliability studies show that the first module, designed to evaluate a forced-use programme, has an excellent content validity index (0.93) and good intra- and inter-observer reliability (Cohen's kappas ranging from 0.62 to 0.85 for the three activities tested). With the built-in statistical package, paediatric occupational therapy departments can conduct therapeutic evaluations with children with impairments in the upper extremities. Further research is recommended to apply the VOAA in clinical studies in paediatric occupational therapy.

The early detection of a decline in daily functioning of independently living older people can aid health care professionals in providing preventive interventions. To monitor daily activity patterns and, thereby detect a decline in daily functioning, new technologies, such as sensors can be placed in the home environment. The purpose of this qualitative study was to determine the perspectives of older people regarding the use of sensor monitoring in their daily lives.We conducted indepth, semistructured interviews with 11 persons between 68 and 93 years who had a sensor monitoring system installed in their home. The data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.The interviewed older persons positively valued sensor monitoring and indicated that the technology served as a strategy to enable independent living. The participants perceived that the system contributed to their sense of safety as an important premise for independent living. Some of the participants stated that it helped them to remain active. The potential privacy violation was not an issue for the participants. The participants considered that health care professionals' continuous access to their sensor data and use of the data for their safety outweighed the privacy concerns.These results provide new evidence that older persons experience sensor monitoring as an opportunity or strategy that contributes to independent living and that does not disturb their natural way of living. Based on this study, the development of new strategies to provide older people with access to their sensor data must be further explored.

Item does not contain fulltext This article describes the development of the Writing Readiness Inventory Tool in Context (WRITIC), a measurement evaluating writing readiness in Dutch kindergarten children (5 and 6 years old). Content validity was established through 10 expert evaluations in three rounds. Construct validity was established with 251 children following regular education. To identify scale constructs, factor analysis was performed. Discriminative validity was established by examining contrast groups with good (n = 142) and poor (n = 109) performers in paper-and-pencil tasks. Content validity was high with 94.4% agreement among the experts. Two reliable factors were found in the performance of paper-and-pencil tasks with Cronbach's alphas of 0.82 and 0.69 respectively. The contrast groups differed significantly in two WRITIC subdomains: "Sustained attention" and "Task performance". Our findings indicated that the WRITIC is feasible for use in the classroom.

Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND/AIM: This study examined the reliability and convergent validity of the Writing Readiness Inventory Tool in Context, a measurement evaluating writing readiness in kindergarten children (aged from five to six years). METHODS: Test-retest reliability was established with 59 children, inter-rater reliability with 72 children and convergent validity with 119 children. All participants were typically developing kindergarten children. Convergent validity was examined with the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration and the Nine-Hole Peg Test. RESULTS: We found excellent test-retest and inter-rater reliability on the future norm-referenced subdomain 'Task performance' of Writing Readiness Inventory Tool in Context with intra-class correlation coefficient ranging from 0.92 to 0.95. On the other criterion-referenced subdomains, we found fair to good reliability with intra-class correlation coefficient ranging from 0.70 to 1.0 and weighted Kappa ranging from 0.30 to 0.89. Correlations with the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration and the Nine-Hole Peg Test were moderate with rs ranging from 0.34 to 0.40 and these are comparable with correlations in other handwriting studies. CONCLUSION: Writing Readiness Inventory Tool in Context is an assessment of writing readiness that is stable over time and between raters. The expected moderate correlations with the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration and the Nine-Hole Peg Test support the construct of writing readiness.

The purpose of this article was to describe a child-friendly modified constraint-induced movement therapy protocol that is combined with goal-directed task-specific bimanual training (mCIMT-BiT). This detailed description elucidates the approach and supports various research reports. This protocol is used in a Pirate play group setting and aims to extend bimanual skills in play and self-care activities for children with cerebral palsy and unilateral spastic paresis of the upper limb. To illustrate the content and course of treatment and its effect, a case report of a two-year-old boy is presented. After the eight-week mCIMT-BiT intervention, the child improved the capacity of his affected arm and hand in both quantitative and qualitative terms and his bimanual performance in daily life as assessed by the Assisting Hand Assessment, ABILHAND-Kids, Video Observations Aarts and Aarts Module Determine Developmental Disregard, Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and Goal Attainment Scaling. It is argued that improvement of affected upper-limb capacity in a test situation may be achieved and retained relatively easily, but it may take a lot more training to stabilize the results and automate motor control of the upper limb. Future studies with groups of children should elaborate on these intensity and generalization issues.

This study examined the test-retest reliability, inter-rater reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity of the Fine Motor Scale of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-second edition (PDMS-FM-2). Participants included two groups of 18 children between the ages of 4 and 5 years with and without mild fine motor problems. The PDMS-FM-2 was administered twice to 12 children and rated by two occupational therapists. The PDMS-FM-2 results were compared with scores on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC). In addition, the scores of the children with and without fine motor problems were compared. For the test-retest reliability and the inter-rater reliability, correlation coefficients varied from r = 0.84 to r = 0.99. These results suggest that PDMS-FM-2 has excellent test-retest and inter-rater reliability. Convergent validity with the fine motor section of the M-ABC and discriminant validity have been confirmed. Only 39% of the children in the group with problems in fine motor activities had fine motor problems according to the PDMS-FM-2. This finding seems to indicate that the PDMS-FM-2 may not be sensitive enough for this population.

Research objective: To evaluate internal scale validity, concurrent validity and age and gender effects of the Strength‐Dexterity Test (S‐DT) in children/adolescents. Design: Observational study of measurement properties of the S‐DT using Rasch measurement modelling and hypothesis testing. Participants: Fifty‐six typically developing children/adolescents aged 4–17 years (mean 9 years 8 months), 30 males and 26 females, 54 were right‐handed. Setting: Sweden. Measures: S‐DT aims to measure coordinated finger‐tip forces and consists of 82 compression springs requiring varying pinch forces to compress (strength) the spring shape without distortion (dexterity). Subsets of 53–82 springs, requiring strength just above and below each participant’s maximal pinch force, were presented in random order for compression using the dominant hand. Success (score 1) was recorded if at least one of three trials achieved full, undistorted compression using correct finger posture. Testing typically took 15 minutes. Additional measures included the Box and Blocks Test of Manual Dexterity (B&B) and a pinch gauge testing maximal pinch strength. Procedures: Tests were presented in the following order: B and B, pinch strength and S‐DT. Rasch measurement modelling for dichotomous data (Winsteps 3.65.0) assessed: (i) internal scale validity including unidimensionality of items; (ii) spread of items and people along the continuum; and (iii) sensitivity of items to differences among participants. Reliability was assessed by testing item ability to separate participants into distinct levels of ability. Regression analyses assessed shared variance amongst the three measures and ANOVA tested for gender and age effects. Main findings: Four S‐DT items not mastered by any participant were removed after initial analysis. Twenty items achieved by all participants were retained as the test is ultimately required for those with impairments. The remaining 78 items demonstrated good fit to the model (