Search

Nowadays, there is a new area of Marketing named Marketing 4.0 where technology and digitalization have leveraged consumers to be part of companies, participating in the innovation and development of products and services through value co-creation activities. Especially, social media have an impact on the Tourism industry. Tourism activities are considered as a huge network of agents co-creating experiences. Every day, thousands of travelers and tourists create multimedia content, share comments and upload their photographs, videos, and suggestions. They share their experiences in a destination, using social media. Consequently, companies must respond to these comments and ideas in order to create a positive image of the tourist company. It is about to co-create tourist products and services in a collaborative way peer-to-peer between consumers and companies and motivate and inspire other travelers to visit the tourist destination.

Science and technology parks (STPs) are considered as a kind of public-private partnerships designed to increase regional wealth and technology start-ups growth in developed and/or in developing regions. The main aim of these institutions is to reproduce the successful factors of regional phenomena such as Silicon Valley or Boston's Route 128. These institutions are focused on fostering knowledge flows, mainly among tenant institutions, as well as between tenants and nearby external institutions. The main objective of this chapter is to shed some light in the role of STPs as specialized institutions leveraging knowledge creation and diffusion. First, the origin and evolution are analyzed. Second, the evolution and typology of models of STPs are showed. Finally, conclusions and future research directions will be proposed

The importance of value co-creation processes to firms' competitive strategy is widely recognized, both in practice and in academia. Therefore, it becomes essential to identify which variables drive consumers to collaborate with companies. A primary influence on this consumer decision relates to the search for greater satisfaction. This article proposes a theoretical model that relates the process of co-creating value with customer satisfaction. The proposed conceptual model also includes the user's motivation as a potential mediating variable in the process that transforms co-creation activities into consumer satisfaction.

The aim of this chapter is to analyze a new concept value co-creation-that has emerged in the context of marketing and business management research. In today's market environment, companies are continually pressured to innovate in order to attract and maintain consumer loyalty and gain and sustain competitive advantage in the market. First, this chapter identifies factors and variables that are leveraged to determine value co-creation in firms. Second, this chapter examines how the development of information and communication technologies-in particular, the Internet and social media networks-has become the main engine of the co-creation activity in a Marketing 3.0 context. Third, this chapter discusses the consequences and benefits of implementing such concepts on the achievement of competitive advantages for firms.