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Abstract Neurocritical patients suffer from a substantial risk of extubation failure. The aim of this prospective study was to analyze if quantitative EEG (qEEG) monitoring is able to predict successful extubation in these patients. We analyzed EEG-monitoring for at least six hours before extubation in patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) on our neurological intensive care unit (NICU) between November 2017 and May 2019. Patients were divided in 2 groups: patients with successful extubation (SE) versus patients with complications after MV withdrawal (failed extubation; FE), including reintubation, need for non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or death. Bipolar six channel EEG was applied. Unselected raw EEG signal underwent automated artefact rejection and Short Time Fast Fourier Transformation. The following relative proportions of global EEG spectrum were analyzed: relative beta (RB), alpha (RA), theta (RT), delta (RD) as well as the alpha delta ratio (ADR). Coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated as a measure of fluctuations in the different power bands. Mann–Whitney U test and logistic regression were applied to analyze group differences. 52 patients were included (26 male, mean age 65 ± 17 years, diagnosis: 40% seizures/status epilepticus, 37% ischemia, 13% intracranial hemorrhage, 10% others). Successful extubation was possible in 40 patients (77%), reintubation was necessary in 6 patients (12%), 5 patients (10%) required NIV, one patient died. In contrast to FE patients, SE patients showed more stable EEG power values (lower CV) considering all EEG channels (RB: p

Ante o contexto migratório contemporâneo, é fundamental a elaboração de ações promotoras de desenvolvimento voltadas às especificidades da infância, considerando os impactos do deslocamento forçado nesse período da vida. Sob tal direção, a ação extensionista Pequenos do Mundo, da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), foi elaborada. No presente artigo, apresentamos e discutimos, a partir dos fundamentos da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, a metodologia desenvolvida, valendo-se da arte em suas diferentes expressões e manifestações para o resgate e a valorização das memórias afetivas das crianças e de suas famílias, sobre cultura de origem, trajetórias e vivências. Em contraposição a um apagamento cultural sofrido em migrações involuntárias, desenvolvemos uma proposta e consequentes ações em que as crianças pudessem ouvir histórias, contar as suas e, nesse processo, se reconhecerem e reconhecerem os outros. As ações possibilitaram a elaboração simbólica e material sobre processos culturais e identitários, e, nesse processo, as crianças tomam posse para si de uma ferramenta que promove o resgate e o compartilhamento de aspectos da sua relação com seus pares e com o meio, apropriando-se e transformando suas histórias.

In rhythmic gymnastics, we appreciate the brilliant success in a true performing art whose sensitively expressive movements of great technical skill integrated into the music result in an exquisite and refined performance that involves body plasticity, musical receptivity, feelings and emotions. The practice of gymnastics significantly contributes to the development of body movements and musicality, boosting motor and artistic abilities by the acquisition of improved skills for jumping, running and practising different exercises. This study aimed to investigate how music is important in the development of rhythmic gymnastics. A literature review was carried out with research from 2016 to 2021 and published in Google Academic. We emphasise how the body action perfectly integrated into the music is essential for the artistic representation of an enchanting plastic, musical and grandiose beauty. We understand that encouraging physical exercise, especially artistic rhythmic gymnastics, is very important for the development of essential qualities for the individual, such as physical, behavioural, artistic and emotional attributes.

O projeto de extensão universitária Português Brasileiro para Migração Humanitária (PBMIH) promove desde 2013 o acolhimento a migrantes residentes na cidade de Curitiba e região metropolitana, por meio do ensino do português brasileiro. O breve histórico do PBMIH presente neste artigo evidencia o processo de aprendizagem experienciado no desenvolvimento desta proposta de ensino de língua para este público particular. Para além de apresentar a metodologia do projeto, sua organização interna e sua dimensão formativa no ambiente universitário, este trabalho vem demonstrar que a integração dos migrantes na sociedade da qual passam a fazer parte perpassa as dimensões social e cultural, bem como se fortalece pela ação interdisciplinar.

In this research we intend to study the role of art in the creative process, in engineering courses at the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), as a factor of technological innovation. It is a qualitative research that is characterized, as a method, for adopting a naturalistic and descriptive perspective. The sample is composed of students and graduates (10); by teachers, coordinators and directors of Education and the Pato Branco Campus (10); Dean (1); Entrepreneurs (4). In the analysis and discussion of results, from semi-structured interviews, we opted for Content Analysis having in perspective the Theory of Social Representations of Moscovici (1978). Among the main conclusions, we highlight the valorization of creative, interpersonal and communicative skills, as fundamental competences in the formation of an engineer. It is also highlighted that the role of art in engineering can enhance creativity and constitute it as a factor of technological innovation. This being able to promote the imagination and the capacity for abstraction necessary and fundamental in the design of projects in engineering and in the communicational plan. The integration of art in formal training, at the moment, does not constitute an institutional option nor does it contribute to a significant dialogical relationship between curricular activities and extracurricular artistic activities (“Grupo de Teatro Artífice” of UTFPR). Keywords: Higher Education, Engineering, Art, Creativity, Communication, Culture

Enquadramento: A evidência científica revela lacunas de conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde em cuidados paliativos, influenciando a qualidade dos cuidados. Objetivo: Caracterizar o conhecimento em cuidados paliativos dos profissionais de saúde, num hospital central universitário português. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo-correlacional, transversal, tendo como população-alvo os profissionais de saúde de um hospital central universitário. Aplicou-se um questionário para avaliar os conhecimentos sobre cuidados paliativos. Resultados: Dos 401 profissionais da amostra, 16,96% detém experiência e 26,18% formação específica em cuidados paliativos. Em média, identificou-se 80,53% de respostas corretas sobre filosofia dos cuidados paliativos. O conhecimento sobre controlo de sintomas e apoio à família relacionam-se negativamente com o tempo de exercício profissional (p < 0,001). Conclusão: A maioria dos profissionais demonstra conhecimento em cuidados paliativos, todavia é essencial investir na formação, particularmente nos profissionais com maior tempo de exercício profissional.

Este trabalho se insere na esteira de reflexões sobre o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Português como Língua Adicional (PLA) no contexto de refúgio e/ou migração forçada. Como objetivo, pretendemos refletir sobre a construção da identidade de professores de PLA no ensino de comunidades migrantes, por meio de incidentes/momentos críticos nos processos de negociação entre professores e alunos estrangeiros. Para tanto, nos baseamos na concepção de momentos/incidentes críticos descritos por Pennycook (2004) e Farrell (2008) para analisar entrevistas orais realizadas com professores do projeto PBMIH (Português Brasileiro para Migração Humanitária). Entre os resultados, apontamos que as narrativas construídas pelos professores estão intimamente ligadas com a experiência ou inexperiência com o ensino de Línguas Adicionais e, de modo geral, os momentos críticos ocorridos em sala de aula (presentes em seus relatos ao longo das entrevistas) geraram mudanças no planejamento do curso que estavam ministrando.

Background and Purpose: Pre- and intra-hospital workflow in mechanical recanalization of large cervicocephalic arteries in patients with acute ischemic stroke still needs optimization. In this study, we analyze workflow and outcome in our routine care of stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy as a precondition for such optimization.Methods: Processes of pre- and intra-hospital management, causes of treatment delay, imaging results (Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score, localization of vessel occlusion), recanalization (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score), and patient outcome (modified Rankin scale at discharge and at the end of inpatient rehabilitation) were analyzed for all patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy between April 1, 2016, and September 30, 2018, at our site.Results: Finally, data of 282 patients were considered, of whom 150 (53%) had been referred from external hospitals. Recanalization success and patient outcome were similar to randomized controlled thrombectomy studies and registries. Delay in treatment occurred when medical treatment of a hypertensive crisis, epileptic fits, vomiting, or agitation was mandatory but also due to missing prenotification of the hospital emergency staff by the rescue service, multiple mode or repeated brain imaging, and transfer from another hospital. Even transfer from external hospitals located within a 10-km radius of our endovascular treatment center led to a median increase of the onset-to-groin time of ~60 min.Conclusion: The analysis revealed several starting points for an improvement in the workflow of thrombectomy in our center. Analyses of workflow and treatment results should be carried out regularly to identify the potential for optimization of operational procedures and selection criteria for patients who could benefit from endovascular treatment.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder is a Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorder resulting from exposure to an event that is considered as traumatic. It is recognized in relation to traumatic childbirth that both patient, partner and health-care provider can develop a post-traumatic stress disorder. The most important risk factors in women are depression during the pregnancy, fear of childbirth, severe pre-eclampsia, preterm premature rupture of membranes, and severe neonatal complications. The prevalence rate in women in Western countries is estimated between 1 and 3%. The prevalence in partners witnessing childbirth is unknown. Post-traumatic stress disorder in relation to severe post-partum haemorrhage, in either women or partners, has not been extensively researched yet. Methods/design: This is a prospective cohort study in a hospital setting, with the objective to evaluate whether women and their partners have a higher risk to develop a post-traumatic stress disorder or symptoms, following a severe post-partum hemorrhage of 2.0 l or more, compared to a control group. The primary outcome variable is diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder. Secondary outcome variables are post-traumatic symptoms according to the post-traumatic stress disorder criteria, psychiatric co-morbidities and seeking psychological help. A total of at least 130 women and 130 partners, must be included according to power calculations. Patients, partners and controls are selected in eight hospitals through complication registers. They are asked to complete a digital questionnaire four to six weeks after delivery, to screen for a post-traumatic stress disorder or symptoms. Participants with scores above cut off values are asked to participate in a telephone interview. For secondary outcomes, risk factors will be evaluated by multivariable analysis. Discussion: This study is designed to give insight into the frequency of post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic stress symptoms following a severe post-partum hemorrhage, both in patients and their partners. We strive to minimize the non-response bias, a common problem in this type or research, through early and active participant recruitment. Trial registration: NL50273.100.14.

O trabalho aqui apresentado surgiu da integração da robótica educativa, mais concretamente o robô Valiant Roamer, em duas salas de Jardim de Infância. Faz parte de um processo de investigação/observação que durou dois anos letivos (2009/2010 e 2010/2011), envolvendo crianças de 3, 4 e 5 anos. Numa fase final deste processo de investigação, num dos Jardins de Infância, decidimos explorar a história “A casa da Mosca Fosca” e trabalhá-la com o robô Roamer. Envolvemo-nos assim no projeto, que abrangeu e possibilitou trabalhar as várias áreas de conteúdo definidas pelo Ministério da Educação para a Educação Pré-Escolar. O robô Roamer permite que crianças pequenas possam ver concretizadas em ações reais conceitos abstratos, tais como “número”, “direção” e “sequência”, dentro da área da Matemática. Para além disso permite que as crianças realizem atividades múltiplas, sendo responsáveis pelas suas ações e tendo a oportunidade de observar, manipular, verificar, partilhar, ajudar, raciocinar, criar, imaginar e desenvolver o espírito crítico e a linguagem oral. Para enquadramento das atividades com os robôs e a programação dos mesmos foi necessário realizar diversas experiências de aprendizagem, ao longo de vários meses, envolvendo crianças, educadoras e auxiliares. Ao longo desta comunicação apresentamos algumas das atividades realizadas, as dificuldades que surgiram, as motivações e interesses das crianças e o resultado final, que culminou na apresentação do mesmo aos pais e à comunidade.

A Infância terá sido um conceito criado de forma social. O "homem primitivo" compreendia que a criança não era um adulto, mas isso não modificava suas atitudes com a criança. Na Idade Antiga existiu o infanticídio e na Idade Média desconhecia-se o conceito de "Infância" - tese central de Ariès. Para Paulo Ghiraldelli Junior, a noção de Infância é moderna; o pós-modernismo não necessita dessa noção. Estamos próximos dessa abordagem. A Infância foi um conceito desenvolvido por pedagogos como J.-J. Rousseau, continuada pela Psicologia (S. Freud ou J. Piaget); a partir do estudo da criança como ser em maturação deixou de se discutir se a criança é ou não um "ser humano em miniatura". Hoje, com a chamada "Globalização", encontramos uma definição política de Infância que deixa de existir para os países pobres, porque existe apenas o produtor de bens. Assim, estamos muito longe de ter a Infância como período feliz da vida das pessoas. Inclusivamente existem crianças-soldados. Todos os países são cúmplices desta situação, que comporta até o infanticídio feminino na China.

Abstract Microbiome gained attention as a cofactor in cancers originating from epithelial tissues. High-risk (hr)HPV infection causes oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma but only in a fraction of hrHPV+ individuals, suggesting that other factors play a role in cancer development. We investigated oral microbiome in cancer-free subjects harboring hrHPV oral infection (n = 33) and matched HPV− controls (n = 30). DNA purified from oral rinse-and-gargles of HIV-infected (HIV+) and HIV-uninfected (HIV−) individuals were used for 16S rRNA gene V3–V4 region amplification and sequencing. Analysis of differential microbial abundance and differential pathway abundance was performed, separately for HIV+ and HIV− individuals. Significant differences in alpha (Chao-1 and Shannon indices) and beta diversity (unweighted UniFrac distance) were observed between hrHPV+ and HPV-negative subjects, but only for the HIV− individuals. Infection by hrHPVs was associated with significant changes in the abundance of Saccharibacteria in HIV+ and Gracilibacteria in HIV− subjects. At the genus level, the greatest change in HIV+ individuals was observed for Bulleidia, which was significantly enriched in hrHPV+ subjects. In HIV− individuals, those hrHPV+ showed a significant enrichment of Parvimonas and depletion of Alloscardovia. Our data suggest a possible interplay between hrHPV infection and oral microbiome, which may vary with the HIV status.

Abstract Background Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of pathological proteins and synaptic dysfunction. This study aims to investigate the molecular and functional differences between human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from patients with sporadic AD (sAD) and age-matched controls (healthy subjects, HS), focusing on their neuronal differentiation and synaptic properties in order to better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying AD pathology. Methods Skin fibroblasts from sAD patients (n = 5) and HS subjects (n = 5) were reprogrammed into hiPSCs using non-integrating Sendai virus vectors. Through karyotyping, we assessed pluripotency markers (OCT4, SOX2, TRA-1–60) and genomic integrity. Neuronal differentiation was evaluated by immunostaining for MAP2 and NEUN. Electrophysiological properties were measured using whole-cell patch-clamp, while protein expression of Aβ, phosphorylated tau, Synapsin-1, Synaptophysin, PSD95, and GluA1 was quantified by western blot. We then focused on PAK1-LIMK1-Cofilin signaling, which plays a key role in regulating synaptic structure and function, both of which are disrupted in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. Results sAD and HS hiPSCs displayed similar stemness features and genomic stability. However, they differed in neuronal differentiation and function. sAD-derived neurons (sAD-hNs) displayed increased levels of AD-related proteins, including Aβ and phosphorylated tau. Electrophysiological analyses revealed that while both sAD- and HS-hNs generated action potentials, sAD-hNs exhibited decreased spontaneous synaptic activity. Significant reductions in the expression of synaptic proteins such as Synapsin-1, Synaptophysin, PSD95, and GluA1 were found in sAD-hNs, which are also characterized by reduced neurite length, indicating impaired differentiation. Notably, sAD-hNs demonstrated a marked reduction in LIMK1 phosphorylation, which could be the underlying cause for the changes in cytoskeletal dynamics that we found, leading to the morphological and functional modifications observed in sAD-hNs. To further investigate the involvement of the LIMK1 pathway in the morphological and functional changes observed in sAD neurons, we conducted perturbation experiments using the specific LIMK1 inhibitor, BMS-5. Neurons obtained from healthy subjects treated with the inhibitor showed similar morphological changes to those observed in sAD neurons, confirming that LIMK1 activity is crucial for maintaining normal neuronal structure. Furthermore, administration of the inhibitor to sAD neurons did not exacerbate the morphological alterations, suggesting that LIMK1 activity is already compromised in these cells. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that although sAD- and HS-hiPSCs are similar in their stemness and genomic stability, sAD-hNs exhibit distinct functional and structural anomalies mirroring AD pathology. These anomalies include synaptic dysfunction, altered cytoskeletal organization, and accumulation of AD-related proteins. Our study underscores the usefulness of hiPSCs in modeling AD and provides insights into the disease's molecular underpinnings, thus highlighting potential therapeutic targets.

Abstract Introduction In the evolving healthcare landscape, technology has emerged as a key component in enhancing system efficiency and offering new avenues for patient rehabilitation. Despite its growing importance, detailed information on technology's specific use, types, and applications in clinical rehabilitation settings, particularly within the Italian framework, remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the use of technology and its needs by Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation medical doctors in Italy. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional online survey aimed at 186 Italian clinicians affiliated with the Italian Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (SIMFER). The online questionnaire consists of 71 structured questions designed to collect demographic and geographical data of the respondents, as well as detailed insights into the prevalence and range of technologies they use, together with their specific applications in clinical settings." Results A broad range of technologies, predominantly commercial medical devices, has been documented. These technologies are employed for various conditions, including common neurological diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, dementia, and rheumatologic issues. The application of these technologies indicates a broadening scope beyond enhancing sensorimotor functions, addressing both physical and social aspects of patient care. Discussion In recent years, there's been a notable surge in using technology for rehabilitation across various disorders. The upcoming challenge is to update health policies to integrate these technologies better, aiming to extend their benefits to a wider range of disabling conditions, marking a progressive shift in public health and rehabilitation practices.

O artigo a seguir apresenta a participação do cartógrafo brasileiro Francisco Jaguaribe de Mattos (1881-1934), integrante da Comissão Rondon, no III Congresso Internacional de História das Ciências realizado em Portugal em 1934. O objetivo ao estudar este evento é avaliar o seu impacto na história da ciência. A partir de então, notamos como Jaguaribe cerca-se de uma rede de intelectuais relevantes na área, assim como o cartógrafo também se debruça em seus estudos sobre a temática da história da ciência e a formação do território brasileiro. O desdobramento disso acaba por ser a sua indicação em inaugurar uma Academia Brasileira de História das Ciências quando regressasse ao Brasil. Assim, pretendemos preencher uma lacuna na historiografia da ciência no Brasil.

Bryophilous fungi are an understudied group with unknown biodiversity in tropical regions, and are often underestimated worldwide. In Brazil, research on this ecological group has primarily focused on the southern and southeastern regions. During a survey of bryophilous fungi in the northeastern region, specifically in Bahia State, two novel species, Brachydesmiella bahiensis and Dendryphiosphaera longispora , were discovered. Brachydesmiella bahiensis resembles B. biseptata and B. caudata , but exhibits conidial distal cell morphology between these two species. Dendryphiosphaera longispora has longer conidia than other species within the genus. Also, the uncommon microfungus Dwibeeja sundara was reported for the second time globally. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of each species are provided.

Abstract Background Spondyloarthritides (SpAs) are a group of common rheumatic diseases that often cause limited mobility and lower back pain. Physiotherapy is an integral part of treatment, but access to physiotherapy limits treatment success. Digital health applications (DHAs) enable home-based physiotherapy and could significantly improve access for SpAs patients. The aim is to investigate the clinical effects of the DHA ViViRA compared with those of standard physiotherapy. Methods SpAs patients with chronic back pain were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. The intervention group received ViViRA DHA, whereas the control group received standard physiotherapy. Pain (verbal rating scale, PAIN-Detect), quality of life (SF-36) and mobility (BASMI) were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks as the primary outcomes. Results Data from 59 participants (71.2% female, mean age 45.2 years) were analyzed. The intervention group showed a significant improvement in mobility (average BASMI score: baseline: 1.1 [range 0.7–1.5]; follow-up: 1.0 [range 0.5–1.4]; p = 0.05), whereas the control group showed a significant decrease in mobility (baseline: 1.5 [range 1.1–1.9]; follow-up: 1.8 [range 1.4–2.2]; p = 0.00). The intervention group demonstrated lower pain intensity (VRS pain level at week 3.5 ± 2.8) than did the control group (VRS pain level at week 4.5 ± 2) after 12 weeks. Conclusion Our results highlight the efficacy of DHAs such as ViViRA in the treatment of lower back pain in SpAs patients. Compared with the current gold standard, physiotherapy, DHA use results in superior outcomes. However, further larger studies are needed to confirm these promising results. Trial registration The study is registered in the German clinical trial registry (DRKS) under the following ID: DRKS00031254.

Intermittent hemodialysis (IH) is an important therapy in the context of kidney dysfunction in dogs. However, its impact on pro-inflammatory cytokines is unclear. This study assessed IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α serum concentrations in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing one session of IH without bypass (IH group, n = 4) and with bypass (IH + bypass group, n = 4). The control group (CG) included four healthy dogs. Cytokine levels were measured before, during, and after the first IH session. Comparative analyses of each cytokine within each group and time point were performed, along with a global comparison between groups. No significant changes were observed in cytokines across evaluation times in the IH groups. IL-1β was significantly higher post-session in the IH and IH + bypass groups compared to CG. Globally, IL-1β and TNF-α concentrations were significantly higher in the IH (11.41 pg/mL (10–16.17) and 2 pg/mL (2–88.54), respectively) and IH + bypass groups (10 pg/mL (10–10) and 2 pg/mL (2–215.5), respectively) compared to CG (0.96 pg/mL (0–3.56) and 0 pg/mL (0–0.003), respectively). The IH group also showed elevated IL-6 concentration (0.1 ng/mL (0.1–0.5)) compared to CG (0 ng/mL (0–0.1)). Higher IL-1β and IL-6 concentrations were observed in the IH group (11.41 pg/mL (10–16.17) and 0.1 ng/mL (0.1–0.1), respectively) compared to the IH + bypass group (10 pg/mL (10–10) and 0.1 ng/mL (0.1–0.5), respectively). In conclusion, a single IH session, with or without bypass, did not increase pro-inflammatory cytokines in CKD dogs with uremic syndrome but maintained the inflammatory state. Dogs undergoing IH without bypass may receive a stronger stimulus for cytokine release.