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Resumen Introduccion Las infecciones por Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) son un problema de salud publica por su alta incidencia y consecuencias sobre la salud reproductiva. Nuestro objetivo es describir las caracteristicas sociodemograficas, conductuales y clinicas de los pacientes con infeccion por CT para adaptar las intervenciones preventivas a los grupos con mayor riesgo. Metodos Serie de casos prospectiva de todos los pacientes diagnosticados de CT entre septiembre del 2016 a enero del 2019 en las consultas de referencia para infecciones de transmision sexual (ITS) de Osakidetza en Bizkaia. Resultados Aceptaron participar 847 pacientes (88,2%): 41% mujeres, 33,8% varones heterosexuales y 25% hombres que tenian sexo con hombres (HSH); 33% eran inmigrantes y 26% menores de 25 anos (33% entre las mujeres). Un 20% utilizaba siempre preservativo. Un 36% habia tenido ITS anteriormente y 28% tenia otra ITS simultanea. El 55% de las infecciones fueron asintomaticas (70% entre las mujeres). El recto fue la localizacion mas frecuente entre los HSH (69,5%), seguida de la uretra (31,4%) y la faringe (14,5%). En las mujeres, la infeccion afecto principalmente el cervix (86,5% de los casos), seguido del recto (17,6%) y la faringe (13,8%). Se estudio a los contactos del 58% de los pacientes. La tasa de reinfeccion a las cuatro semanas fue del 17% entre aquellos con criterios para realizar un test de cura. Conclusion Estos resultados justifican la implantacion de cribados oportunistas en mujeres menores de 25 anos e inmigrantes jovenes de ambos sexos, con toma de muestras genitales y extra-genitales, y el establecimiento de guias apropiadas para la notificacion de contactos.

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections are a public health problem because of its high incidence and consequences on reproductive health. Our aim is to describe the socio-demographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics of patients with CT infection in order to adapt preventive interventions for the highest risk groups.Prospective case series of all patients diagnosed with CT between September 2016 and January 2019 in the reference STI clinics of Osakidetza (Basque Health Service) in Bizkaia (Spain) RESULTS: 847 patients (88.2%) agreed to participate: 41% women, 33.8% heterosexual men and 25% men who has sex with men (MSM); 33% were immigrants and 26% were under the age of 25 (33% of the women). Only 20% systematically used condoms. 36% had previously had STI and 28% had simultaneously another STI. 55% of the infections were asymptomatic (70% among women). In MSM, the rectum was affected in 69.5% of cases, the urethra in 31.4%, and the pharynx in 14.5%. The cervix was affected in 86.5% of the women, the rectum in 17.6%, and the pharynx in 13.8%. A contact study was only carried out in 58% of cases. The reinfection rate at 4 weeks was 17% among those with criteria to perform a test of cure.Our results justify implement opportunistic screening in women under the age of 25 and young immigrants of both sexes, by taking genital and extragenital samples, as well as developing appropriate guidelines for the notification and follow-up of contacts.