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Introduction Actinic keratosis (AKs) are epidermal lesions that commonly occur in skin exposed to chronic cumulative UV irradiation. Untreated AK lesions can advance to squamous cell carcinoma. Current treatments of AK have many shortcomings; for instance, not all treatments can be used for the hyperkeratotic form of AK. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy and tolerability of a topical product containing 2,4,6-octatrienoic acid and urea for the treatment of hyperkeratotic AK lesions. Methods Forty male and female subjects with at least two hyperkeratotic AK lesions were enrolled in this single-arm, open-label phase IV study. The product was applied twice daily for two consecutive months. The efficacy endpoints were the reductions in the mean number of AK lesions per subject from baseline (T0) to the end of the trial (T1) and to three months after the end of the treatment period (T2). Results At T0, the mean (SD) number of lesions per subject was 3.65 (1.25). At the end of the treatment period (T1), this number had dropped (significantly, p

Background Rosacea is a common inflammatory skin condition affecting approximately 5% of the world population. Therapeutic approaches to rosacea are focused on symptom suppression by means of anti-inflammatory agents. More recently, photodynamic therapy, especially light-emitting diodes, has been introduced as a valid alternative to conventional therapy. Case presentation In the present work, we reported the efficacy and safety of light-emitting diodes therapy combining blue (480 nm) and red (650 nm) light for the treatment of two patients with papulopustular rosacea: a 22-year-old Caucasian woman and a 68-year-old Caucasian man. Conclusions This kind of treatment could represent an effective, safer, and well-tolerated approach for the treatment of such conditions.

Background: Melasma treatment is difficult due to extended treatment periods, suboptimal adherence, inconsistent results, and frequent relapses. Kojic acid has been shown to be effective in reducing melasma severity and is now increasingly used in cosmetic treatments. Aims: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new cosmetic treatment for melasma at 45 and 90 days. Methods: Multicenter prospective study across 20 dermatology clinics/ambulatories. One hundred patients with mild-to-moderate melasma were evaluated. The primary endpoints were changes in mean modified melasma area and severity index (mMASI) score and patient-reported satisfaction at 45 and 90 days. Results: The mean age of patients was 45.19 ± 11.5 years. Most patients were female and Caucasian. Patients presented mixed (65%), epidermal (26%), and dermal (4%) types of melasma. Triggering factors were hormonal contraception (33%), pregnancy (31%), and pharmacological treatment (11%); mean disease duration was 6.7 ± 6.8 years. Overall, a statistically significant decrease in mean mMASI scores was seen at 45 (2.19 ± 0.182 vs 3.29 ± 0.267, P

Background The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of a product containing hydroxypropyl chitosan, climbazole and piroctone olamine, by monitoring the adherence and the penetration of the molecules in the skin. Confocal microscopy led us to show the persistence of the active compound for a long time in the stratum corneum, thanks to the presence of hydroxypropyl chitosan. This evidence suggests a new protocol of application (a biweekly application, rather than daily). Methods Thirty patients (17 males, 13 females; average age 20.8 years) were selected from 3 dermatological centers: the Dermatological Clinic of "Federico II" University of Naples; the Dermatological outpatient clinic of Bologna private hospital "Villa Nigrisoli"; the Section of Cutaneous Appendages of the European Dermatological Institute of Milan. The study protocol entailed application of a topical spray product 2 evenings a week for 2 months. Confocal microscopy, dermoscopy and photographic documentation were performed at the moment of diagnosis (T0), 12 hours after the first application (T1), after 7 days (T2), after 1 month (T3) and after 2 months (T4). Results The improvements of clinical symptoms were documented by dermoscopy and digital photos. Confocal microscopy shows the persistence of the product in the stratum corneum, at different times of observations. Conclusions A biweekly application of a product containing hydroxypropyl chitosan, climbazole and piroctone olamine shows a clinical significative improvement, evaluated through digital photographs and dermoscopic images, with complete resolution at T4 in 100% of cases.

According to the American Academy of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons, more than 11 million cosmetic surgical and nonsurgical procedures were performed by board-certified plastic surgeons, dermatologists and otolaryngologists in the United States, totaling more than 12 billion dollars. We performed a retrospective observational multi-centric study on patients treated with a non-animal origin cross-linked hyaluronic acid with different molecular weights for nasolabial folds, evaluating through a new imaging system, profilometric techniques with the confocal microscopy, the durability, the efficacy and the safety of this product. From 25 patients, 150 silicone casts were obtained: 75 casts of the right nasolabial fold and 75 casts of the left nasolabial fold. Roughness arithmetical average of the right fold at T2 decreased by 50% versus T0 and by 40% compared to T1; at T2, it decreased by the 45% versus T0 and by 35% compared to T1. No side effects were reported. Results proved that the analysis of the skin microreliefs through confocal microscopy is a new imaging system that allows to evaluate with precision and safety the results of aesthetic treatments such as fillers objectively.

Background: Atrophic scars can complicate moderate and severe acne. There are, at present, several modalities of treatment with different results. Percutaneous collagen induction (PCI) has recently been proposed as a simple and effective therapeutic option for the management of atrophic scars. Objective:The aim of our study was to analyze the efficacy and safety of percutaneous collagen induction for the treatment of acne scarring in different skin phototypes. Methods & materials: A total of 60 patients of skin types phototype I to VI were included in the study. They were divided into three groups before beginning treatment: Group A (phototypes I to II), Group B (phototypes III to V), and Group C (phototypes VI). Each patient had three treatments at monthly intervals. The aesthetic improvement was evaluated by using a Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), and analyzed statistically by computerized image analysis of the patients' photographs. The differences in the GAIS scores in the different time-points of each group were found using the Wilcoxon's test for nonparametric-dependent continuous variables. Computerized image analysis of silicone replicas was used to quantify the irregularity of the surface micro-relief with Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT); average values of gray were obtained along the x- and y-axes. The calculated indexes were the integrals of areas arising from the distribution of pixels along the axes. Results:All patients completed the study. The Wilcoxon's test for nonparametric-dependent continuous variables showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in severity grade of acne scars at T5 compared to baseline (T1). The analysis of the surface micro-relief performed on skin replicas showed a decrease in the degree of irregularity of skin texture in all three groups of patients, with an average reduction of 31% in both axes after three sessions. No short- or long-term dyschromia was observed. Conclusion: PCI offers a simple and safe modality to improve the appearance of acne scars without risk of dyspigmentation in patient of all skin types. © 2014 Informa Healthcare USA on behalf of Informa UK Ltd.

The aim of mesotherapy for skin rejuvenation is to increase the biosynthetic capacity of fibroblasts, inducing the reconstruction of an optimal physiologic environment, the enhancement of cell activity, and the synthesis of collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid. The desired final effect is a firm, bright, and moisturized skin, and the injection in the superficial dermis of suitable products--perfectly biocompatible and totally absorbable--can achieve these results. In addition to a daily sunscreen application and nonsmoking, mesotherapy is another antiaging strategy helping to maintain a globally firm and bright skin, protecting it from the environmental contributors to aging.

This book offers clinical physicians and plastic surgeons a detailed and comprehensive overview of the nonsurgical techniques used for rejuvenation of the lips and eyes. A key aim is to provide practical guidelines for patient selection in order to optimize the choice of treatment in different circumstances. These guidelines will assist in ensuring that the selected rejuvenation technique and the number of applications are appropriate to the specific disorder being treated, thereby maximizing benefits and minimizing side effects. The book explains pretreatment evaluation and describes a wide variety of rejuvenation techniques, including the use of hyaluronic acid fillers, botulinum toxins, skin needling, chemical peels, radiofrequency, ultrasound, and fractional lasers (ablative and nonablative). Contraindications to and complications of the various treatments are clearly identified. A notable feature is the emphasis placed on the role of combined treatments and how they can work in a complementary way to deliver optimal outcomes. The integrated, less invasive approach to periorbital and lip rejuvenation described here by acknowledged experts in the field will enable practitioners to choose with confidence the best aesthetic procedures and innovative tools for their patients.

Hyaluronic acid dermal fillers have become a mainstay for soft-tissue augmentation while providing numerous advances in the area of cosmetic surgery. HA fillers are primarily used for the treatment of facial changes associated with aging, which include thinning of the epidermis, loss of skin elasticity, subcutaneous fat and bony changes, and atrophy of muscle, all of which can result in a loss of volume.

Biorejuvenation is a common term to indicate mesotherapy for skin rejuvenation (also called biorevitalization or mesolift). It’s a technique used to rejuvenate and tone the skin by means of an injection in the superficial dermis of suitable products, perfectly biocompatible and totally absorbable.

Acne is a chronic inflammatory, exclusively human disease of the pilosebaceous unit, mostly affecting the sebaceous gland follicles – usually referred to as sebaceous follicles – located on the face, chest, shoulders, and back, where they are most common. Acne is the most common disease affecting all ages and ethnic groups and is the leading dermatologic diagnosis with 10.2 million diagnoses. Acne is considered a problem that occurs in adolescence, but the prevalence of adult acne is 3 % in men and between 11 and 12 % in women. We can distinguish different types of acne: acne neonatorum and infantile, acne vulgaris (teenage acne), adult acne, acne conglobata, acne inversa, and acne fulminans. Diet, weight loss, sunlight, and cosmetics/drugs are differently related to acne symptoms. The treatment of acne is based on different approaches such as cosmetological and cleansing agents, moisturizing agents, sebum regulators, keratolytics, and photoprotection to support medical treatment based on topical (retinoids, antibiotics, alpha hydroxy acids, and chemical peels) and systemic medical treatment (oral antibiotics, oral isotretinoin, hormonal therapy).

Management of Complications of Cosmetic Procedures. Handling Common and More Uncommon Problems - Libros de Medicina - Dermocosmetica - 83,15

Skin needling, percutaneous collagen induction (PCI), collagen induction therapy (CIT), dry tattooing, needle dermabrasion, intradermabrasion, dermal remodeling, multitrepannic collagen actuation, intraderma­brasion (MCA), these are all names for the same treatment. Skin needling is a procedure that involves using a sterile roller comprised of a series of fine, sharp needles to puncture the skin. Performed under local anesthetic with sedation, the device is “rolled” over the surface affected by acne scars to create many microscopic channels deep into the dermis of the skin, which is stimulated to produce new collagen. Skin needling is a procedure that ensures better results if it is associated with alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) treatment.

Bio-rejuvenation or bio-revitalization (mesolift) is a technique that utilizes the injection of absorbable and biocompatible substances into the superficial dermis in order to increase skin firmness, brightness, and moisturization. Most utilized agents include nonreticular hyaluronic acid 0.2–3% alone or associated with vitamins, amino acids, minerals, coenzymes, nucleic acids, antioxidants and beta-glucan, polynucleotidic macromolecules, organic silicium, autologous cultured fibroblasts, growth factors, and homeopathic products.

Le procedure estetiche sono sempre piu utilizzate in campo dermatologico per prevenire e/o trattare i segni dell’invecchiamento fisiologico e fotoindotto, ovvero per incrementare la luminosita e il turgore cutaneo, ridare sostegno al viso e migliorare in generale l’aspetto estetico. A tale proposito verranno descritte e discusse le principali procedure estetiche, rappresentate dal peeling, dalla biostimolazione, dai filler e dalla tossina botulinica.

Complications can be due to doctor or patient’s responsibilities. Doctor’s possible mistakes include In case of overpeeling, prescribe a systemic steroid (Methylprednisolone 8 mg/day) for a few days and monitor strictly the patient in the postpeeling period. Prescribe a moisturizer to be applied four to five times a day and explain the necessity of complete avoidance of sun exposure.

Atlas of mesotherapy in skin rejuvenation / , Atlas of mesotherapy in skin rejuvenation / , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز

Types of chemical peels: advantages/disadvantages, an illustrated algorithm. Modalities of application: Glycolic acid.- Salicylic acid.- Pyruvic acid.- Trichloroacetic acid.- Resorcinol.- Phenol.- Jessner's solution.- Combinations peels (Jessner's solution + TCA, Pyruvic acid + TCA, Salicylic acid + TCA). How to choose the best peeling for the patient: Acne.- Photoaging.- Melasma.- Senile lentigines.- Actinic keratoses.- Postinflammatory iperpigmentation.- Scarring.- Rosacea.- Dark skin. Management of the patient: Instructions.- Consent form.- Photographs.

1.1 Advantages/Disadvantages . . . . . . 4 1.1.1 Glycolic Acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1.1.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1.1.2 Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1.2 Jessner’s Solution . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1.2.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1.2.2 Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1.3 Pyruvic Acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.3.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.3.2 Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.4 Resorcinol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.4.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.4.2 Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.5 Salicylic Acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.5.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.5.2 Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.6 Trichloracetic Acid . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.6.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.6.2 Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.1.7 Deep Chemical Peels . . . . . . . . . 6 1.1.7.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.1.7.2 Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.1.8 Combination Peels: Salicylic Acid + TCA . . . . . . . . . 6 1.1.8.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.1.8.2 Disadvantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Electroretinography (ERG) and electro-oculography (EOG) were performed in 98 patients affected by alopecia areata (AA) free from ophthalmologic disorders, and in 40 healthy subjects, in order to evaluate whether or not the retinal pigment epithelium of AA patients shows bioelectrical changes. ERG was normal. EOG, on the contrary, showed a significantly depressed mean value in the AA patient group. Furthermore, depressed EOG occurred more frequently in patients affected by alopecia totalis or universalis as compared with multiple patchy alopecia. These findings prompt the authors to believe that the melanocytes may play a prominent part in the pathogenesis of AA.