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Aim: This study provides a comparative analysis of oral dysbiosis of patients with periodontal diseases: chronic catarrhal gingivitis and generalized periodontitis, associated with various systemic pathologies, using a combination of the enzymatic method and interval scale. Studying the differences in the oral microbiota of patients with periodontal diseases and systemic pathologies can help comprehend the underlying mechanisms and create successful treatments. Methods: An enzymatic method was used to diagnose and monitor the degree of oral dysbiosis of patients with different systemic pathologies and periodontal diseases. We applied particular inclusion and exclusion criteria to include patients in a study. The level of microbial presence in the oral cavity can be measured by analyzing urease enzyme activity. Results: The research established that oral dysbiosis is observed in all groups of patients with periodontal diseases and systemic pathology: chronic colitis, chronic pancreatitis, and primary hypothyroidism. The article discusses an express method of diagnosing the microbiota of the oral cavity in combination with an interval scale. This combination makes it possible to classify patients according to the level of oral dysbiosis and prescribe further recommendations for treatment. Conclusions: The association of periodontitis and linked comorbidities is a complex interplay involving common risk factors, pathophysiology, and bidirectional causal relationships. The imbalance of microorganisms in the oral cavities of patients with systemic and periodontal diseases highlights the need for a personalized medical treatment approach. Correcting dysbiosis of the oral cavity should complement antimicrobial treatment for periodontal diseases and the normalization of metabolic processes in the periodontium. It has been confirmed that there is a correlation between patients’ microbial colonization of the oral cavity and the values obtained by the enzymatic method, suggesting that this approach can serve as a rapid assessment of the oral cavity’s microbiocenosis.

Aim: The aim is to analyze the microbiome of gingival sulcus and periodontal pockets of patients with periodontal disease associated with systemic diseases. Methods: A microbiological study was conducted to analyze the microflora of the periodontal pockets in patients with different systemic pathologies and periodontal diseases. Plaque samples were collected from the gingival sulcus and periodontal pockets, and they were subsequently cultured on nutrient medium and glass plates. Results: The microbiota of the gingival sulcus and periodontal pockets in patients with associated systemic diseases in combination with periodontal disease was studied. The frequency of detecting the qualitative composition of the microbiota in the periodontal niche of patients with periodontal diseases and systemic diseases was determined. The research paper outlined groups of microorganisms isolated from periodontal pockets of patients with periodontal and systemic diseases. Conclusions: The degree of colonization by microorganisms differed slightly, while the frequency of detection of specific populations of opportunistic bacteria increased in chronic generalized periodontitis compared to chronic catarrhal gingivitis.

Methodological aspects of assessing harmful impacts on the natural environment are presented, aimed at determining the indicator of ecosystem stability. The use of such an indicator makes it possible to determine environmental changes as a result of anthropogenic activity, as well as to determine the significance of these changes. A system is presented that systematizes the variety of consequences of anthropogenic impact on CLS. A qualitative scale of reducing harmful anthropogenic impact is proposed. It is proposed to conduct assessment of the categories of significance of harmful effects and ecological risk on the basis of a comprehensive evaluation of impacts on individual storeys and subsystems in the compartment from different sources of influence, taking into account their magnitude and intensity. The corresponding scales, a way of complex formation, categories of impact significance have been developed; also, an example of constructing an environmental risk matrix has been presented.

Stress can impact our bodies at the cellular level, causing changes to various organs and systems. Chronic stress can indirectly affect the hepatobiliary tract. Salivary gland dysfunction can be a manifestation of a large variety of systemic diseases or the consequence of local structural or functional pathologies. Stress can influence the oral microbiome, leading to changes in microbial diversity. Scientists study stress reactions, new resistance methods, and modern approaches to prevent and treat stress. The aim is to examine the morphological aspects and changes of the blood vessels in the liver and salivary glands of white rats in experiment using acute immobilization stress. Materials and methods. In total 22 white male rats were studied, divided into two groups. The first was kept as a control, the second was subjected to acute immobilization stress. The rats were immobilized by hanging them by the neck with a clamp for 6 hours. Animals were euthanized with a sodium thiopental solution. Samples of the liver and parotid gland were examined histologically using hematoxylin and eosin stain. Results. The livers of rats were studied after acute immobilization stress. Significant changes were observed in the liver blood vessels, including thrombosis and expansion of perisinusoidal spaces. Liver cells also showed changes such as karyopyknosis, colliquation necrosis, and hydropic dystrophy. The parotid salivary gland histologic examination showed swelling in the connective tissue, periductal regions, and perivascular spaces. In the acinar section, basophilia and swelling of serocytes were observed, along with dystrophic processes leading to remodeling of the acini and ducts. The narrowing of arterioles was observed, reflecting tension in the arterial system. Conclusions. Exposure to acute stress can cause changes in the liver and biliary tract, increasing the risk of various diseases, including those that affect the oral cavity.

Oral mucosa is an inner lining of oral cavity, which maintains different functions including protection of epithelial integrity. Pathology of oral mucosa can develop in response to the action of pathogenic microorganisms, viruses, and various traumatic factors; it can be a result of systemic pathology of a patient as well. Pain and discomfort usually accompanies such conditions leading to decrease of patient wellbeing. The basis of the pharmacological regulation of the regeneration process is the stimulation of wound healing. The aim is to summarize and discuss the spectrum of remedy options that are used to stimulate epithelization of oral mucosa. The overall goal of the paper is to provide full and comprehensive information for dentists and their patients about medicament variety, ways of theirs application and dosage. Methods. Relevant literature from MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, and in open access journals which are published by Elsevier was selected using the following key words «oral mucosa», «epithelization», and «remedy» were used in various combinations by the year of 2023. In total there were found 48 papers. To the selected scientific papers we applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria to choose the relevant ones. Conclusions. A significant number of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory processes in the oral cavity are available nowadays on dental market. Numerous studies substantiates the effectiveness of their use in dentistry. Therefore, when choosing pharmacological drugs, preference is given to drugs with a complex effect, which locally affect various links of the pathogenetic mechanism of the occurrence of diseases and do not disturb human wellbeing.

Large areas become unsuitable for full-fledged life after mining activity. To improve the state of environmental safety of post-industrial landscapes and the rational use of disturbed territories, a Decision Support System (DSS) should be created. This system should also contain proposals for restoring the soil cover and plant communities that are proposed in this article. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the process of vegetation formation in the post-industrial landscape of a sulfur quarry. During reclamation works in human-made ecotopes, vegetation has already formed there in a certain way due to natural succession processes. We assessed the level of vegetation self-restoration and, on the basis of the obtained data, the need and direction of phytoreclamation in relation to specific ecotopes. The set of restoration of soil cover and plant communities makes it possible to solve the problem of reusing post-industrial landscapes. The positive effect of the treatment of seedlings with a spore remedy of arbuscular, mycorrhizal fungi on the studied breeds’ height increase was observed. In the process of the revitalization of disturbed landscapes through the mycorrhization of planting material, there is a tendency to restore and increase phytodiversity at the floristic and coenotic levels.

(1) Background. Nanotechnology offers significant alternative ways to solve scientific, medical, and human health issues. Dental biomaterials were improved by nanotechnology. It manufactures better materials or improves the existing ones and forms the basis of novel methods for disease diagnosis and prevention. Modern nanotechnology makes oral health care services more acceptable for patients. Nanotechnology is now important area of research, covering a broad range of applications in dentistry. (2) Methods. Relevant literature from Scopus published in English was selected using the keywords “nanoparticle” and “dentistry”. To the selected articles we applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria to choose the relevant ones. (3) Results. Based on the relevant articles, a literature review was prepared. This review provides an insight into the applications of nanotechnology in various branches of dentistry. We applied several regression models to fit number of papers versus time and chose the best one. We used it to construct the forecast and its 95%-confidence interval for the number of publications in 2022–2026. (4) Conclusions. It shows that a significant rise in papers is expected. This review familiarizes dentists with properties and benefits of nanomaterials and nanotechnology. Additionally, it can help scientists to consider the direction of their research and to plan prospective research projects.

Background: Clinical success depends on the contact strength and wear resistance of medical devices made of polymer materials. The scientific goal resulted from the problem of using different methods of surface evaluation of materials used in the production of orthodontic appliances. The purpose of the work was an experimental comparative assessment of indentation hardness and scratch hardness and the sliding wear of four selected polymeric materials used in the manufacture of orthodontic appliances. Methods: Four commercial materials were compared. Shore hardness tests and a scratch test with a Rockwell indenter were performed. A sliding wear test was performed using the ball-on-disc method. Statistical PCA and correlation analyses were performed. Results: The results of scratch hardness measurements using a contact profilometer correlated with the Shore hardness to a greater extent than measurements made using an optical microscope. PCA showed that Shore hardness explains 45% of the total variance in all the results across the materials. Conclusions: The scratch hardness method allows for a more explicit ranking of orthodontic polymeric materials when measurements are made with a profilometer. The ranking of sliding wear resistance should be made separately.