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Este artículo contiene 10 páginas, 5 figuras, 1 tabla., The process of site selection and spatial planning has received scarce attention in the scientific literature dealing with marine restoration, suggesting the need to better address how spatial planning tools could guide restoration interventions. In this study, for the first time, the consequences of adopting different restoration targets and criteria on spatial restoration prioritization have been assessed at a regional scale, including the consideration of climate changes. We applied the decision-support tool Marxan, widely used in systematic conservation planning on Mediterranean macroalgal forests. The loss of this habitat has been largely documented, with limited evidences of natural recovery. Spatial priorities were identified under six planning scenarios, considering three main restoration targets to reflect the objectives of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. Results show that the number of suitable sites for restoration is very limited at basin scale, and targets are only achieved when the recovery of 10% of regressing and extinct macroalgal forests is planned. Increasing targets translates into including unsuitable areas for restoration in Marxan solutions, amplifying the risk of ineffective interventions. Our analysis supports macroalgal forests restoration and provides guiding principles and criteria to strengthen the effectiveness of restoration actions across habitats. The constraints in finding suitable areas for restoration are discussed, and recommendations to guide planning to support future restoration interventions are also included., This study was funded by the EASME–EMFF (Sustainable Blue Economy) Project AFRIMED (http://afrimed-project.eu/, grant agreement N. 789059), supported by the European Community.

The global spread of the SARS COV-2 virus and the related Coronavirus Disease-19 (Covid-19) has forced the entire planet to suddenly adopt important safety standards and reorganize social reality. The present research investigates the perception of psychological, relational, and pedagogical risks and needs in the developmental age (3-18 years) by the parents of different Italian regions during the quarantine period. Specifically, we examined the opinions of parents regarding the rules of social distancing and the continuous and massive use of new technologies for distance learning (DL). The results showed that Italian parents have two main concerns: on the one hand, the emergency in terms of health and health-related aspects; on the other, the teaching, training, and educational trajectories of children. They manifested mistrust and scepticism towards institutions and the school world, in terms of both management competence and structural and infrastructural capacity; aspects perceived as concerns also for Phase 2 and 3 of the epidemic curve.

This paper aims to investigate the ways in which parents relate to the emotional and sexual lives of their adolescent children, considering the changes that occurred in the configuration of current families, at both the relational and structural level. Of these two levels, the former considers the quality of relations among family members, while the latter refers to the new family forms currently appearing within the social scenario, disarranging the traditional way of thinking about the family and originating new ways of conceiving the roles of male and female, being together, the idea of couple and – last but not least – sexuality and the various ways of living and experiencing it. The idea is to test whether the new family configurations show different ways, compared to the traditional family, in considering children’s education and managing aspects related to this stage of life. We focus here on same-sex families, with the aim of understanding the complexities determined in this specific family environment – which in many respects is still not fully recognized in Italy. The article in the end points out the theoretical and methodological challenges that will have to be tackled in future; and relatively, it points out a research, which aims to explore the socialisation process of adolescents, and their consequent sexual approach, in the homosexual families contest.

This exploratory research focuses on the construction and perception of the wellbeing of bina-ry transgender people (MtF and FtM) through a theoretical model that declines the capability approach theory in LGBTQ+ studies. The questions in the research aim to identify the primary dimensions that influence the con-struction and perception of transgender people’s wellbeing. From the concepts of identity con-struction to the quality of life concerning the capability approach model, the goal is to pinpoint possible differences between FtM and MtF. In line with the data in the literature, the results showed the importance of contextual and sys-temic factors in the construction and perception of transgender people’s wellness and the in-fluence that the normative parameters of sexuality (cis-heteronormative model) in society have in determining the criteria of social inclusion and exclusion.

During the last years different commercial preparations based on yeast derivatives have been used in order to replace traditional ageing on lees. Three commercial mannoproteins (MP; MF; MS) were tested in Aglianico and Sangiovese red wine during one year of aging to evaluate the influence on astringency characteristics (astringency intensity and 16 subqualities), colour parameters (CIE L*a*b* coordinates, total anthocyanins, pigmented polymers) and reactive phenolic compounds (BSA-reactive tannins, saliva-reactive tannins, vanillin reactive flavans) after 3, 6 and 12 months. The taste, odor and aroma profiles completed the sensory evaluation of one-year aged wines. The effect of commercial mannoproteins on studied parameters depended on wine variety and aging period. As regard wine colour evolution, the formation of pigmented polymers was promoted from the 6th month in Aglianico by MS and MF, and in Sangiovese by all mannoproteins. Regarding wine sensory evaluation, MP reduced the astringency of Aglianico and enhanced the positive subqualities, while all mannoproteins favored spicy and balsamic notes revelation. In Sangiovese, green tannins and herbaceous notes decreased at the same time as floral notes, satin tannins and wine body augmented. Finally, the use of commercial mannoproteins improved some sensory characteristics of red wines related to positive astringency subqualities and aroma persistence.

Social networks and dating apps increasingly represent a novel way to meet people as opposed to traditional face-to-face communication. Virtual platforms are particularly important for gays and lesbians due to the social stigma related to their sexual orientation and are diversified according to their users: the former use Grindr and the latter Wapa. Our research involved a group of users from Campania, in southern Italy, and employs a mixed methods approach. We first studied users’ profiles in both dating apps and then focused on qualitative interviews to reconstruct the psychological (emotional and affective dynamics) and social (sexual script) dimension of the imaginary underpinning online interactions. We aim at filling the partial gap in the Italian research between virtual media and homosexuality, highlighting the communication methods and relational approaches through which gay and lesbian people (and partially also bisexuals) relate through social networks. The first section reviews the relevant literature, connecting it to the relation between new media, affectivity, and sexuality. It explains the notion of sexual identity, an essential epistemological preamble for comprehending the possible phenomenology through which people relate to their own sexuality. The second section explores the apps’ social mechanism, showing gay’s and lesbians’ trends on the emotional, sentimental, or sexual approach. Our purpose is to verify the existence of a different gay or lesbian approach in both applications (in the purpose of its usage and in some of the imaginary dimensions) or if those apps modify the sexual behaviour, thus producing new forms of social and relational homologation. Keywords: sexual scripts, app for dating online, gay and lesbian studies, gender models.

The diffusion of new media, of online communication, and the increasingly evident overlap between online and offline environments generates a specific question for scientific research on how these contents can represent an opportunity for “emancipation” and at the same time new areas in which can experience processes of exclusion, in particular for the LGBT community. In this sense, social media offers transgender people a wide range of tools and applications to create new knowledge, interact with other people, create new meeting opportunities, or trace new relationships and/or new emotional and sexual experiences. This research work aims to investigate the psychological, relational, and social aspects of transgender people who use social media and dating apps as communication spaces and relational environments in order to outline the peculiar aspects of media consumption, regulatory access and processes of stigmatization, and social discriminations by the web.

Background The cumulative dose was compared with the planned dose among fourteen patients undergoing image-guided, intensity-modulated radiotherapy of the prostate bed. Moreover, we investigated the feasibility of adding dose tracking to the routine workflow for radiotherapy. Methods Daily cone beam computed tomography was conducted for image-guided radiotherapy, and weekly cumulative delivered doses were calculated for dose tracking. Deformable image registration was applied to map weekly dose distributions to the original treatment plan and to create a cumulative dose distribution. The dose–volume histogram (DVH) cut-off points for the rectum and bladder and the planning target volume (PTV), were used to compare the planned and cumulative delivered doses. The additional time required by the departmental staff to complete these duties was recorded. Results The PTV coverage of the delivered treatment did not satisfy the expected goal for three patients (V98% >98%). In another three patients, the DVH cut-off point for the bladder was higher than the limits, while for the rectum, treatment was as expected in all cases (two patients failed both their bladder constraints and the PTV coverage). Overall, four patients did not satisfy one or more criteria at the end of their treatment. Conclusions A well-defined strategy for dose tracking assessment is feasible, would have minimal impact on the workload of a radiotherapy department, and may offer objective information to support radiation oncologists in making decisions about adaptive procedures.

Introduction The role of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) is controversial. In this study we aimed to assess the feasibility, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (gemcitabine based) in patients with resected PA and their correlation with prognostic factors. Methods 122 resected patients (stage ≥IIa) treated between February 1999 and December 2013 were analyzed. Two cycles of gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m2 on days 1, 8 and 15 every 28 days) were administered before concomitant radiotherapy (45 Gy/25 fractions) and chemotherapy (gemcitabine 300 mg/m2 weekly). Results Median follow-up was 22.7 months (range 4-109). Gastrointestinal toxicity (G3), neutropenia (G3-G4) and cardiac toxicity (G2-G3) were observed in 2.4%, 10.6% and 1.6% of patients, respectively. OS at 12, 24 and 60 months was 79%, 55% and 31%, respectively (median 25 months). Two-year OS in patients with postoperative Karnofsky performance status (KPS) ≤70 and ≥80 was 37.1% and 62.3%, respectively (pConclusions The combination of concomitant gemcitabine and radiotherapy in patients with radically resected PA was well tolerated and associated with a low incidence of local recurrences. Five-year OS was significantly influenced by postoperative KPS and CA 19-9 values.

Purpose The aim of this work was to analyze the efficacy of high-dose-rate brachytherapy in the management of patients with esophageal cancer. Methods and Materials Between 2001 and 2008, 104 patients (88 males and 16 females) received a brachytherapy treatment as a part of a personalized multimodal approach. The median age was 72 years, and the median Karnofsky performance status was 60. Brachytherapy was used in different situations: to complete a primary treatment with radical intent in patients not suitable for surgery; to control local recurrences; or to obtain a rapid and durable palliation of dysphagia in patients with metastases or in poor general condition. In selected cases, endoscopic ultrasound images were integrated in treatment planning procedure to obtain a more accurate volume definition. Efficacy in controlling dysphagia was assessed 1 month after brachytherapy. Results Fifty-one patients received a radical treatment, and 53 patients were treated to relieve the symptoms. The median overall survival was 20.8 months. Lymph node involvement was found to be a significant prognostic factor for overall survival and dysphagia. Dysphagia was controlled in 88 patients (84.6%), and the median dysphagia-free interval was 17.5 months. Early and late adverse events were generally mild to moderate. The most severe effects were esophagotracheal fistulas, observed in 3 patients. Conclusions Brachytherapy has an important role in the management of esophageal cancer with a low rate of complications. endoscopic ultrasound–assisted treatment planning can be useful for a better individualization of curative treatments.

Aim The main purpose of this study is to perform a dosimetric comparison on target volumes and organs at risks (OARs) between prostate intensity modulated treatment plans (IMRT) optimized with different multileaf collimators (MLCs). Background The use of MLCs with a small leaf width in the IMRT optimization may improve conformity around the tumor target whilst reducing the dose to normal tissues. Materials and methods Two linacs mounting MLCs with 5 and 10 mm leaf-width, respectively, implemented in Pinnacle 3 treatment planning system were used for this work. Nineteen patients with prostate carcinoma undergoing a radiotherapy treatment were enrolled. Treatment planning with different setup arrangements (7 and 5 beams) were performed for each patient and each machine. Dose volume histograms (DVHs) cut-off points were used in the treatment planning comparison. Results Comparable planning target volume (PTV) coverage was obtained with 7- and 5-beam configuration (both with 5 and 10 mm MLC leaf-width). The comparison of bladder and rectum DVH cut-off points for the 5-beam arrangement shows that 52.6% of the plans optimized with a larger leaf-width did not satisfy at least one of the OARs’ constraints. This percentage is reduced to 10.5% for the smaller leaf-width. If a 7-beam arrangement is used the value of 52.6% decreases to 21.1% while the value of 10.5% remains unchanged. Conclusion MLCs collimators with different widths and number of leaves lead to a comparable prostate treatment planning if a proper adjustment is made of the number of gantry angles.

Background and purpose To evaluate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACT-RT). The study was funded by the Italian National Research Council (CNR). Methods From September 1992 to January 2001, 655 patients with LARC (clinically T3–4, any N) treated with NACT-RT and surgery, were randomized in two arms: follow-up (Arm A) or 6 cycles of ACT with 5 fluorouracil (5FU)-Folinic Acid (Arm B). NACT-RT consisted of 45 Gy/28/ff concurrent with 5FU (350 mg/sqm) and Folinic Acid (20 mg/sqm) on days 1–5 and 29–33; surgery was performed after 4–6 weeks. Median follow up was 63·7 months. Primary end point was overall survival (OS). Results 634/655 patients were evaluable (Arm A 310, Arm B 324); 92·5% of Arm A and 91% of Arm B patients received the preoperative treatment as in the protocol; 294 patients of Arm A (94·8%) and 296 of Arm B (91·3%) underwent a radical resection; complete pathologic response and overall downstaging rates did not show any significant difference in the two arms. 83/297 (28%) patients in Arm B, never started ACT. Five year OS and DFS did not show any significant difference in the two treatment arms. Distant metastases occurred in 62 patients (21%) in Arm A and in 58 (19·6%) in Arm B. Conclusions In patients with LARC treated with NACT-RT, the addition of ACT did not improve 5 year OS and DFS and had no impact on the distant metastasis rate.