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BACKGROUND The emergence of COVID-19 and the associated pandemic outbreak demonstrated the need to educate and mobilize the public to adopt behaviors for community mitigation. In a context of rapid epidemiological worsening, the use of digital media to access information benefits the population and can contribute to the control of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the most viewed Brazilian videos on YouTube as a source of information about COVID-19. METHODS The quantitative, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted on YouTube on 04/30/2020, with videos uploaded between 01/01/2020 and 04/ 30/2020. The descriptor “coronavirus” was used and the first 100 most viewed videos that were recorded in Brazilian Portuguese, related to the topic, unduplicated, and being less than 30 minutes long were selected. Two judges recorded the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) of the videos downloaded from YouTube for data analysis. RESULTS The 100 videos analyzed showed the following results: 140,027,282 views; 7,201,187 "likes"; 165,624 "dislikes"; 352,541 comments; and a total duration of 12 hours, 28 minutes, and 12 seconds. In terms of content, death was mentioned in 71 videos, and the top prevention behaviors listed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were addressed by less than one-third of the videos. Most YouTube videos could do a greater job of disseminating information about COVID-19 prevention behaviors, promoting population adherence. CONCLUSIONS Educating, mobilizing, and engaging the public in adopting and practicing behaviors for community mitigation are differential aspects of successfully addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the need for social distancing, YouTube could play an important role in interaction and communication about COVID-19 and be a significant complementary information strategy to combat the pandemic.

Objetivo: Analisar os vídeos brasileiros do YouTube sobre o diabetes mellitus (DM) e as doenças periodontais (DP) para avaliar a utilidade do conteúdo. Metodologia: Estudo observacional, transversal e semiquantitativo realizado no YouTube em 04/01/2018, usando o termo ‘diabetes e doença periodontal’. Foram considerados os 200 vídeos associados ao termo de busca e excluídos aqueles não gravados em português; não relacionados tema; duplicados; e com mais de 50 minutos. Os vídeos foram categorizados como muito útil, moderadamente útil, pouco útil e não útil para informar o público. Resultados: Dos 200 vídeos do estudo, 123 atenderam os critérios de inclusão, foram analisados e resultaram: 1.227.134 visualizações; 13.269 likes, 659 dislikes, 927 comentários e mais de 26 horas de duração total. Os leigos constituíram a principal origem de carregamento dos vídeos no YouTube (n=56; 45,52%) e os profissionais de saúde a principal autoria. Não houve diferença estatística (p< 0,05) ao analisar o nível de utilidade do conteúdo dos vídeos, bem como as reações likes e dislikes, comentários, duração e visualizações dos vídeos entre diferentes níveis de utilidade. Apenas 7,14% dos vídeos foram categorizados como muito útil, 37,50% moderadamente útil, 50,00% pouco útil e 5,36% como não útil para informar sobre DM e DP. Vídeos não úteis foram os mais populares. Conclusões: Os vídeos brasileiros do YouTube sobre DM e DP deste estudo são populares e têm fontes e conteúdos variados. A maior parte do conteúdo não é útil. Portanto, tais vídeos não podem ser considerados úteis como fonte de informação sobre o tema.

Internet and COVID-19: information and misinformation

UNSTRUCTURED As the number of confirmed cases of and deaths from COVID-19 grows fast, the health team and the general public are facing psychological suffering, including anxiety, depression, stress, anguish, boredom, loneliness, anger and suicide. These problems worsen when added to the consequences of the misinformation overload, which has spread uncertainty, fear, anxiety and racism on the internet on a scale never seen in previous epidemics, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and Zika. In this sense, the purpose of this Viewpoint article is to reflect this context, including the need for strategies to be developed by governments, health institutions, technology and communication companies to combat the ongoing pandemic.

BACKGROUND Studies have been assessed the importance of YouTube as a source of information for some health conditions, diseases or procedures. However, this platform provides an ever-growing, unregulated source, and some of their information may cause health risks to patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of Brazilian YouTube videos as a source of useful in-formation about diabetes foot care. METHODS The website www.youtube.com was searched on November 30, 2016, for the term “diabetes foot care” in Brazilian Portuguese to assess their usefulness as an information source. The videos were categorized as very useful, moderately useful, somewhat useful, and not useful. The video sources were categorized into 4 groups: organizational, professional, personal and advertisement. Ethics ap-proval was not required and descriptive statistics were calculated for all variables. RESULTS Our search resulted in 8.080 videos, of which 200 were reviewed, and 159 videos uploaded on YouTube between 2008 and 2016 were analysed. Videos were categorized as very useful (6.29%), moderately useful (16.35%), somewhat useful (24.35%), and not useful (52.83%). The video source revealed the following classification: organizational, n = 76; professional, n = 11; personal, n= 46; and advertisement, n = 26. CONCLUSIONS YouTube's Brazilian videos on diabetic foot care are popular, with varied sources and content. However, most of their content is not useful. Therefore, YouTube videos in Portuguese cannot be considered a good source of information about diabetes foot care.

BACKGROUND YouTube consist of a video publishing tool available in cyberspace with unrestricted, decentralized and interactive access. The YouTube plataform offers thousands of videos to acquire knowledge and virtual interaction between people. It is known that sharing videos is a resource that can influence patient behavior. Studies show the importance of YouTube as a source of useful information about some diseases, including Diabetes Mellitus (DM). However, no study has evaluated the use of YouTube as a source of information on diabulimia, a term used to describe the intentional omission of insulin in individuals with DM type 1 as a strategy for weight loss. OBJECTIVE In this study, our aim was to research the source and audience of videos on YouTube Brazil regarding diabulimia. METHODS The YouTube site was searched on March 18, 2017, for two associated keyword terms "Diabulimia and Diabetes". Videos not recorded in Brazilian Portuguese language and those not related to the focus were excluded. Were included the videos associated with the terms and available on YouTube. Video links were recorded and analyzed independently by E.S. and G.K.C.C. Were recorded the following criteria for all videos: upload date, number of views, duration, likes, dislikes, and comments. The source of the videos was categorized into three groups: patients, health professionals and others sources. RESULTS The search resulted in a total of 427 videos, of which 417 (97.66%) were excluded (332 in English, 83 in Spanish, 1 in Danish, and 1 in Portuguese from Portugal). Then, 10 (2.34%) videos were pre-selected and analyzed. This videos were uploaded to YouTube between 2007 and 2016, and showed the following metrics: 10.303 views; 707 likes; 11 dislikes, and 115 comments. The total run time of the videos was 5 minutes and 22 seconds. The source of the videos revealed the following classification: professionals (30%, doctors), patients (20%) and others sources (50%, including advertisement, TV programm, etc.). Only two Brazilian videos related diabulimia with DM. CONCLUSIONS This research showed that YouTube in Brazil is little used, both in the availability of videos and in the search for information that associates diabulimia with DM. This finding admits the YouTube's potential as a tool for use in health education about this theme. There were contributions from health professionals in the process of transmitting videos on YouTube Brazil, but the videos of advertisements and the videos of reports were predominat. This result is worrying because it configures serious risks of transmission with inaccurate or misleading information about DM and diabulimia on the Internet. Thus, we emphasize the need to produce videos about diabulimia for use in diabetes online health education in Brazil.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with cardiac muscle remodeling, resulting in myocardial dysfunction, whereas exercise training (ET) is a useful nonpharmacological strategy for the therapy of cardiac diseases. This study tested the effects of low-intensity swimming-training on the structural remodeling of the left ventricle (LV) in growing rats with unmanaged experimental diabetes. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=5/group): sedentary-control (SC), exercised-control (EC), sedentary-diabetic (SD), and exercised-diabetic (ED). Swimming-training rats exercised 5 days/week, 90min/day, with a load of 5% BW during 8 weeks. Sections of LV were stained with Periodic acid-Schiff, Sirius Red, and Gomori's reticulin. Seven days and 8 weeks after streptozotocin (STZ) induction (60mgkg(-1) BW), blood glucose (BG) in the diabetic groups (SD=581.40±40.48; ED=558.00±48.89) was greater (p0.05) than in their controls (SC=88.80±21.70; EC=85.60±11.55). Swimming-training reduced BG by 23mg/dL in the diabetics (p0.05). The LV of diabetic rats had increased interstitial collagen and reticular fibers on the extracellular matrix and presented glycogen accumulation. More importantly, all these adverse tissue changes induced by STZ were attenuated by ET. Together, these findings support the idea of a beneficial role of exercise in the LV remodeling in rats with unmanaged type-1 diabetes mellitus.

Submitted by Edson da Silva (edson.silva@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2022-09-23T21:37:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis_Molecular Interrelationships.pdf: 333117 bytes, checksum: a648c78e29dfe72450bb10bc138974bc (MD5) termo_de_autorizacao_Diabetes_Mellitus_and_Periodontitis_Molecular_Interrelationship_assinado.pdf: 197744 bytes, checksum: 8a1b0ad65799d19d8a1e90f43628a6c1 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2022-11-07T12:36:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis_Molecular Interrelationships.pdf: 333117 bytes, checksum: a648c78e29dfe72450bb10bc138974bc (MD5) termo_de_autorizacao_Diabetes_Mellitus_and_Periodontitis_Molecular_Interrelationship_assinado.pdf: 197744 bytes, checksum: 8a1b0ad65799d19d8a1e90f43628a6c1 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-07T12:36:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis_Molecular Interrelationships.pdf: 333117 bytes, checksum: a648c78e29dfe72450bb10bc138974bc (MD5) termo_de_autorizacao_Diabetes_Mellitus_and_Periodontitis_Molecular_Interrelationship_assinado.pdf: 197744 bytes, checksum: 8a1b0ad65799d19d8a1e90f43628a6c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-03

Background Social networking sites (SNS) like Facebook represent a common place to seek information, but very little is known about the representation and use of health content on SNS. In recent yrs., people with diabetes have taken by the millions to diabetes SNS and blogs as well as main stream social media platforms, like Twitter and Facebook, to connect with their peers in ways that were impossible before. However, these sites vary considerably in quality and authenticity of the content, which is dangerous for diabetics.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with cardiac remodeling, myocardial dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, and reduced cardiac adiponectin in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Alternatively, physical exercise is an important strategy for the management of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the influence of low-intensity swimming training in cardiac cytokines, structural remodeling, and cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction in growing rats with untreated experimental DM. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=14, per group): sedentary control (SC), exercised control (EC), sedentary diabetic (SD), and exercised diabetic (ED). Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (60 mg kg(-1), i.p.). Animals from exercised groups swam (5 days/week, 90 min/day, loading up to 5% body weight around the animal's chest) for 8 weeks. The left ventricle (LV) was removed for molecular, morphological, and cardiomyocyte mechanical analysis. Diabetic animals presented cardiac remodeling with myocardial histoarchitectural disorganization, fibrosis, and necrosis. The capillary density was lower in diabetic animals. LV cardiomyocytes from diabetic animals exhibited more prolonged time to the peak of contraction and time to half relaxation than those from control animals. The cardiac levels of interleukin 10, nitric oxide, and total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin were significantly decreased in diabetic animals. Exercise training reduced the level of TNF-α, increased capillary density, and attenuated the histopathological parameters assessed in diabetic rats. In conclusion, the cardiac structural remodeling coexists with reduced levels of total and HMW adiponectin, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte contractility dysfunction in experimental DM. More important, low-intensity swimming training attenuates part of these pathological changes, indicating the beneficial role for exercise in untreated T1DM.

A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) configura-se como o cenário de potência para colocar em prática os princípios doutrinários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), sendo considerado o primeiro contato preferencial do usuário com o sistema e a coordenadora do cuidado nas Redes de Atenção à Saúde (RAS). A experiência de estudantes de enfermagem em uma unidade de saúde, no estágio supervisionado na APS, permitiu identificar que um dos cuidados mais cotidianos que cabe ao enfermeiro neste cenário é o tratamento de feridas, o qual comumente é realizado de modo não sistematizado, dificultando a integralidade da atenção aos portadores dessa afecção. Nesta perspectiva foi evidenciada a necessidade de construção de um protocolo assistencial voltado para o tratamento de lesões cutâneas dessa natureza, o que pode auxiliar os profissionais, em especial o enfermeiro, a prestar um cuidado pautado nos princípios do SUS. Relatar a experiência da elaboração do protocolo assistencial de Enfermagem para portadores de feridas assistidos na APS do município de Viçosa, MG. A construção do protocolo aconteceu no período de agosto a outubro de 2015, sendo composta por dois momentos. O primeiro momento aconteceu nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2015 e foi conduzido por duas estagiárias alocadas na unidade de saúde de um bairro periférico de Viçosa, juntamente com uma docente do curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) e a gestora da APS do município. Nesta etapa procedeu-se a revisão da literatura sobre o tema, a fim de conferir um embasamento teórico e atual acerca do mesmo, o qual fundamentou a construção do material escrito. Foi também realizada a elaboração de instrumentos para coleta de dados, contemplando desde a anamnese à ficha de avaliação e evolução de feridas. A construção do protocolo contou ainda com a participação de enfermeiras da APS e do Centro de Atenção Secundária de Viçosa, as quais incentivarão junto aos seus pares o processo de implementação do protocolo, apresentado em outubro de 2015 pelas discentes de Enfermagem aos enfermeiros da APS. O desenvolvimento do protocolo assistencial no tratamento de feridas configurou-se como uma ação integradora e dotada de aprendizagem e crescimento para os discentes, docentes, enfermeiros e gestora da APS do município. A apresentação do protocolo aos enfermeiros fomentou um debate que deflagrou a despadronização e necessidade de atualização desses profissionais para o tratamento de feridas. Acredita-se que o protocolo, agregado ao interesse pessoal pelo aprimoramento, auxiliará na prestação de um cuidado qualificado, assegurando ao usuário menor tempo de tratamento e melhor assistência à saúde no âmbito do SUS. Cabe ressaltar que o protocolo está em tramitação no Conselho Regional de Enfermagem e na Prefeitura Municipal de Viçosa, para obtenção do respaldo por estes órgãos. Vislumbra-se que a construção do protocolo impactará na resolubilidade da APS e que, apesar dos desafios para a sua implementação, fortalecerá a comunicação entre os profissionais, bem como a construção da práxis no tratamento de feridas, impulsionando os envolvidos à prática da educação permanente.