Search

The article is devoted to the topical topic of the fourth industrial revolution, which every member of society is witnessing and participating in today. The author analyzes the process of forming a new social reality and notes its ambiguous nature. On the one hand, there are obvious innovative breakthroughs in many areas of life that can significantly "improve" human (not only social) existence. On the other hand, the contradictions and paradoxes of such a "brave new world" are exponentially increasing, "deferred" challenges and risks are being formed, moral and ethical algorithms of social interaction are being transformed. The author focuses on the fact that today humanity, in order to form a balanced and safe social environment, needs to delve into the essence of the process of the fourth industrial revolution. To do this, it is necessary not just to comprehend their upcoming scientific and technological "steps", but equally those profound changes that have already been launched. In addition, the article also notes the special role of the COVID-19 pandemic, which, according to many researchers, has forever changed the usual societal contours, forming a kind of "post-pandemic" social reality. The paper analyzes the uniqueness of the situation of "layering" of two transformational processes – the expansion of the fourth industrial revolution and the reformatting of being by the COVID-19 virus. In view of this, as the author notes, a person begins practically, at the level of everyday life, to face an increasing volume of changes generated by these processes, as well as to experience fear of the future and a permanent state of anxiety. Therefore, in the modern social reality, there is an adequate demand for the formation of a "response" to new, including digital challenges and risks, as well as in the strategic development of regulatory and adaptive measures. The author substantiates the need to develop a strategy for techno-digital security and include it in the relevant federal regulations.

This article deals with the current issue to develop the phenomena and processes, which characterize the transition to new social reality in a global course for the universal digitization of human life. Referring to the existing polemical and negative discourse in the academic circles as to digital technology influencing man, the author’s focus turns to the question of how digital technology influences an average member of society. To answer this question, one should take into account not only “liquid” social reality, but digital trends. The paper presents the author’s definition of theirs. Further, the author refers to deviance study as part of sociological knowledge through which it is possible to make a comprehensive analysis of the social destruction. By using a historiographic analysis it is concluded that, not rejecting the described theories, in the transition to digital social reality there is a need for specifying and conceptualizing the theory of deviant behaviour adequate to the changing times in society. The reasons given for deviant behaviour the author provides the fundamental and system-creating processes of society as a whole. Among the reasons of no small important analyzed by the author, for instance, the impact of globalization or the substantial transformations of science and education, the changes in happening to modern man under the influence of the digital environment are emphasized. The author notes that modern man has new social-psychological traits, conditions, characteristics. The paper gives their description classified according to their influence on the member of society. When being more approximately studied by researchers, these new conditions, reactions and traits blend in the new forms of deviance. The article also theorises the author’s definition of digital deviance (digital deviant behaviour), its peculiarities and typology. An empirical study on measuring digital deviance by computing the relevant indicators is intended to be conducted.

Nowadays Russian system of education is in the reforming study, which affects all its sectors. Training scientific and scientific- pedagogical personnel is not an exception. In the article the author conducts a comparative analysis of system of training scientific personnel in Russia and in the West. It is offered practical measures of improving of post-graduate training under predetermined conditions.