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Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to numerous health issues, including an increased risk of hip fractures. This meta‐analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and mortality in patients with hip fracture. To assess the impact of different levels of vitamin D deficiency on mortality in patients with hip fractures and examine the influence of potential confounding factors. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane Collaboration Library was conducted, resulting in nine eligible cohort studies (n = 4409). Patients with hip fractures were categorized based on their vitamin D levels as severe, moderate, or insufficient. Mortality was the primary outcome measure in this study. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the follow‐up time. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random‐effects model in Review Manager 5.4. Results: Nine studies, with a pool of 4409 patients, were included. Vitamin D insufficiency was significantly associated with increased mortality (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05–1.46; I2 = 4%). Severe deficiency also led to a significant increase in mortality (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.09–3.97; I2 = 42%), whereas moderate deficiency did not show a significant effect (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.79–1.44; I2 = 0%). Subgroup analysis revealed significant associations between vitamin D insufficiency and increased mortality at 1‐year (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.06–1.77) and 2‐year follow‐ups (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.01–3.15). After adjusting for potential confounders, no significant increase in the mortality rate was observed. Conclusions: This meta‐analysis suggests that vitamin D insufficiency and severe deficiency are associated with increased mortality in patients with hip fracture. However, after adjusting for confounding factors, this association was not statistically significant. Further research is necessary to understand the role of vitamin D deficiency in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glenohumeral dislocation is a common shoulder injury that can result in nerve injury. However, the full impact of these injuries on patient function and recovery remains unclear. This systematic review aimed to determine (1) the incidence, (2) risk factors, and (3) functional outcomes following nerve injuries after glenohumeral dislocation. The study followed PRISMA guidelines and used the PICO strategy. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane Collaboration Library databases were searched for studies. Two reviewers independently assessed the study eligibility, and data extraction was conducted by two authors. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) criteria. Thirteen studies comprising 17,087 patients were included. The incidence of nerve injury ranged from 0.4% to 65.5%, with the axillary nerve being most commonly affected. The time to reduction did not significantly affect the incidence of nerve injury. The mechanism of injury, the affected side, associated injuries, and recovery time were found to be potential risk factors for nerve injury. Motor recovery was incomplete in many patients, and sensory recovery was less complete. By synthesizing the available evidence, this systematic review underscores the importance of considering nerve injury in the management of patients with glenohumeral dislocations. Future research can build on these findings to develop targeted prevention and treatment approaches that optimize patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]