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Transport of heat in combustion engines, burners and consumption of energy via nuclear explosions is remarkably effected by magnetize nanofluid and radiation. Present attempt is relevant to the current Engineering applications; as design of heat exchangers, systems of renewable energy, and Nanotechnology. Therefore, main concern of the study is explored the radiative flux in Micropolar nanofluid flow under the Lorentz force and gravity modulation. The impacts of cross diffusion is also included in flow field. The mathematical model governing the flow are transformed into ODEs via similarity variables. The Keller box approach is utilized for numerical outcomes. A comprehensive analysis of the physical parameters is carried out, and numerical outcomes are displayed in graphical and tabular form. Obtained outcomes are compared with results that have already been published and found a good match. It has been found that temperature profile and concentration profile have a direct relation against Soret and Dufour respectively. Temperature profile and concentration profile has a direct relation against Dufour and Soret effects. Thermal field grows by enhancing radiation, Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameter. Furthermore, the skin friction.increases as the inclination factor grows up, but Nusselt and Sherwood numbers decline.

In fact, local thermal equilibrium (LTE) would be unsuitable when it comes to nuclear reactors, electronic equipment, space devices, geothermal engineering, and high-conductivity foams, due to prominent temperature discrepancy between the two constituents (solid and nanofluid) in porous material. Local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) situation may be considered in above real world applications. In view of above relevance, the effects of LTNE model on double-diffusive natural convection (DDNC) within a fluid-saturated porous container loaded with the TiO2-H2O nanofluid and emplacing four cooling and hot channels in Forchheimer-Brinkman-extended Darcy medium have been investigated in the present study. The momentum, heat and mass equations are solved by finite element method. Irreversibility in the two constituents (nanofluid and solid) of the porous structure has been analyzed. The significant outcomes are that fluid circulations enhance due to rise in porosity of the medium. Fluid friction entropy EnFF,T ameliorates significantly by 1514.16 % and 872.97 % with increase in Rayleigh number and porosity of the medium. It is clear that Nuloc,nf,Nuave,nf, Nuloc,s&Nuave,s enhance significantly with rise of buoyancy and thermal conductivity ratio, interstitial solid/fluid heat transfer coefficient.

The heat and mass transfer through the second-grade nanofluid across a curved surface is investigated in the present article with the consequences of chemical reaction, activation energy and Ohmic heating. The Buongiorno model is employed to simulate the thermophoretic and Brownian diffusions effect. The flow phenomena for second-grade fluid (SGF) have been modelled in the form of system of partial differential equations (PDEs) which are converted into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by substituting the similarity variables. The model equations are converted into a system of ODEs by inserting a suitable variable. The set of dimensionless equations along with boundary conditions are evaluated computationally through the numerical differential equation solver (ND Solve) technique. The entropy optimization, energy curve, Nusselt number, mass transfer, Sherwood number, velocity and skin friction are computed and examined versus distinct physical parameters. The finding reveals that the concentration and velocity profile exhibits enhancement as the curvature parameter increases, whereas an opposite trend has been found in relation to the energy outline. Furthermore, the concentration profile raises as the activation energy increased, while diminishes with the augmentation of chemical reaction.

Since performance of thermal systems may depend on fluids’ thermal conductivities being utilized as coolants, improvement of thermal efficiencies of fluids having micro-structures and involving ternary hybrid nanomaterials may be highly valued. In fact, microrotation of ternary hybrid nanofluids (THNFs) in oblique incinerator-shaped chamber may find applications in industrial processes involving polymeric solutions and lubricants where they help in reduction of drag forces and act as better cooling agent. In view of this, the present study carries out thermal and second law dissection of micropolar THNF within an oblique incinerator-shaped chamber heated from bottom emplacing a roundish heater under a fixed heat flux. The THNF comprises of Al2O3, CNT and graphene as nanoparticles. The study reveals that streamlines and isotherms undergo prominent change due to inclination of the chamber. When Raleigh number and diameter of heater amplify streamlines, microrotations, and entropy generation intensify while average Bejan number whittles down. Average heat transfer rate ameliorates by 4.54 % and 2.17 % when total volume fraction augments from 1.5 % to 3 % and 3 %–4.5 %, respectively. Heat transfer rate reduces by 1.23 %, 0.48 %, 3.33 %, 5.24 %, 2.07 %, and 1.66 % when inclination angle increases from 0° to 90° with inclination angle step 15°.

The largest challenges to the globe are energy scarcity, freshwater shortages, and global warming are the world's largest challenges. Fossil fuels harm the environment and intensify global warming. Solar distillation technology will replace fossil fuels sooner or later, as it produces freshwater without polluting the environment or being expensive. The distillation structure only requires exposure to the sun's rays. Solar achieving the best freshwater production with the greatest thermal energy performance and the lowest cost, solar distillers (SD) have recently experienced a number of designs. These include the stepped SD, double-slope SD, inclined SD, and pyramid SD. Most of the time, nanofluids, phase change materials (PCMs), wick materials, reflectors, organic fluids, corrugated absorber plates, flat SDs, bi-layered structures, heat localization, hybrid systems, SD with solar heaters, energy storage materials, porous absorbers, and cover cooling are used to change SDs. This essay evaluates and discusses the detailed examination of the wick type materials in solar stills with several configurations, considering the wick type floating, spinning, inclined, and corrugated. To make these materials more suitable for use in a range of applications to produce clean water, different recommendations are made. There have been many improvements, resulting in enhanced productivity rates, according to a literature review. Depending on design, geography, and accessory selection, Wicks technology increased distillers' productivity by 20%–30 %. Additionally, combining this technology with other technologies like PCMs and nanomaterials can achieve high productivity.

The hybrid nano-composite fluid transportation in Jaffery-Hemal flow (JHF) has important uses in various technologies, like converging dies, hydrology, automobiles, etc. Such significant applications motivated us to work on the current problem. Therefore, the purpose of the current work is to inspect the energy efficiency analysis of hybrid nanofluids via convergent/divergent channels using porous space. The hybrid nanofluid consists of polyethylene glycol water, nanoparticles ZrO2 and MgO. To understand the porosity features, the Darcy-Forchheimer law is used. Solar radiation is considered for a more comprehensive analysis of the thermal field. The strong ODEs are obtained using a suitable similarity transformation. The NDSolve technique is used to simulate numerical results, which are then compared with previous published results. Plots and tables are used to report physical investigations of the related parameters. For higher solid volume fractions, the divergent channel’s velocity drops. Whereas it increases for a convergent channel. In the presence of variables, Eckert number, and porosity parameter, skin friction increases in divergent channels and decreases in convergent channels for both nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids. Furthermore, it is noticed that hybrid nanocomposite has more dominant features than nanocomposite for both scenarios of narrowing/expanding channels.

The study of natural convection and heat transfer in a trapezoidal cavity finds a wide range of technological applications including thermal energy storage systems, building ventilation/insulation, waste heat recovery, electronic device cooling, controlling PV panel temperature, energy conservation, exchangers, nuclear reactors, furnaces, glass production, food processing, and drying technologies. The purpose of the current study is to explore the entropy and natural convection of non-Newtonian nano-encapsulated phase change material (NEPCM) suspension in a saturated porous medium enshrouded in a trapezoid-shaped domain with three heated blocks fitted with the bottom surface. The novelty of the present work is the introduction of power-law (Ostwald-de Waele) model subject to NEPCM suspension in trapezoidal enclosure emplacing three heated fins at its bottom surface embedded in Brinkman-Forchheimer extended Darcy medium with variant porosity. The finite element method is implemented to solve the governing equations numerically. The important findings of the present study include streamlines, isotherms, velocities, and apparent viscosity enhance while entropy generation whittles down with rise in Darcy number. Entropy generation ameliorates by 519.16 % for low to high porosity of Brinkman-Forchheimer extended Darcy medium. The maximum apparent viscosity augments by 1441.24 % when power law index ameliorates.

The concept of thermal transfer has fundamental implications in many areas, from the most basic physiological processes to the most complex technological systems. Kerosene oil, often known as paraffin oil, is frequently used as a fuel for jet lighting, engines and heating processes in many technologies. The rate of heat transmission is the fundamental requirement of all phenomena. But this cannot be achieved from base fluid like paraffin oil due to its less efficiency to rise the rate of heat transmission and save energy lost due to high temperatures. Therefore, current analysis is to explore effect of the Lorentz force, viscous dissipation and solar radiation on kerosene oil with the combination of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in a porous convergent/divergent and stretching/shrinking channel. SWCNTs and PTFE are added to kerosene oil to produce the hybrid nanofluid. The designed problem is modeled in terms of partial differential equations PDEs. The nonlinear PDEs system is then reduced into ODEs using the transformations framework. The ND Solve technique is applied to numerically simulate the reduced boundary value problem, and the results are sketched and discussed. Obtained results demonstrate that velocity profile increase for the divergent channel and a fall in the convergence channel against higher value of porosity parameter and as well as Hartmann number.

This study investigates the thermal energy and reactive processes on nanomaterial flow via convergent/divergent channels. The research looks at how varied channel designs, fluid characteristics, and operating conditions affect flow patterns, temperature distributions, and heat transfer rates. The study focuses on the heat transfer mechanisms within the channels and the effect of exothermic/endothermic reactive processes on fluid flow and temperature profiles. The findings provide vital insights into the behavior of such flow systems, aiding in the comprehension of heat transfer phenomena and prospective applications in engineering domains such as energy systems, chemical processes, and aeronautical engineering.