35 results on '"Martín-Martín, R."'
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2. Families of the economic crisis in paediatric primary care clinics: Descriptive observational study
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Martín Martín, R., Sánchez Bayle, M., Gancedo García, C., Teruel de Francisco, M.C., and Coullaut López, A.
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- 2016
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3. Las familias de la crisis en las consultas pediátricas de Atención Primaria: estudio descriptivo observacional
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Martín Martín, R., Sánchez Bayle, M., Gancedo García, C., Teruel de Francisco, M.C., and Coullaut López, A.
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- 2016
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4. Max–min optimal discriminating designs for several statistical models
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Tommasi, C., Martín-Martín, R., and López-Fidalgo, J.
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- 2016
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5. Multiplicative algorithms for computing optimum designs
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Torsney, B. and Martín-Martín, R.
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- 2009
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6. Construction of marginally and conditionally restricted designs using multiplicative algorithms
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Martín-Martín, R., Torsney, B., and López-Fidalgo, J.
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- 2007
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7. ESRA19-0408 Distance from skin to epidural space: correlation with anthropometric measurements
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Michel Tactuk, ME, primary, Sanchis Dux, R, additional, Molero Díez, YB, additional, Ruíz Simón, FA, additional, Martín Martín, R, additional, and Gómez Fernández, M, additional
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- 2019
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8. El colecho en nuestro medio: estudio de casos y controles en las consultas pediátricas de Atención Primaria
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Martín Martín, R, Sánchez Bayle, M, and Teruel de Francisco, MC
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Colecho ,Co-sleeping - Abstract
Resumen: Objetivo: estudiar la prevalencia del colecho en las familias de los niños que acuden a las consultas pediátricas de Atención Primaria y su relación con determinados aspectos de la crianza. Pacientes y métodos: estudio de casos y controles mediante cuestionario. Se han recogido 317 encuestas de niños con edades comprendidas entre 6 y 24 meses y pertenecientes a dos consultas de Atención Primaria de Madrid. Los niños que practicaban colecho se consideraron como casos, y los que no lo practicaban se consideraron el grupo de control. El número de despertares nocturnos por encima de tres, los episodios de infecciones respiratorias de vías bajas y la duración de la lactancia materna exclusiva o complementada fueron utilizadas como medidas de resultado. Resultados: en el análisis multivariante, las variables relacionadas positivamente con el colecho son: el tiempo de lactancia materna exclusiva, odds ratio (OR) = 1,127 (p = 0,008) y mixta OR = 1,126 (p < 0,0001); el número de niños con más de tres despertares nocturnos, OR = 1,844 (p = 0,001), y el tabaquismo de uno o ambos progenitores, OR = 2,290 (p = 0,008). El nivel socioeconómico actúa como factor de protección, OR = 0,545 (p = 0,001). La presencia de infecciones respiratorias de vías bajas fue más frecuente en el grupo con colecho, pero no tuvo significación estadística en el análisis multivariante. Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos muestran que la práctica del colecho facilita la instauración de la lactancia materna y su prolongación en el tiempo, y sin embargo favorece que los niños se despierten con mayor frecuencia en la noche y propicia que padezcan más procesos infecciosos de vías bajas. El bajo nivel socioeconómico y el tabaquismo de las familias son factores ligados a la práctica del colecho. Abstract: Objective: to study the prevalence of co-sleeping in in the families of children attending pediatric Primary Care consultations and its relation with a certain number of aspects of their upbringing. Patients and methods: case-control study with assessment questionnaires. A total of 317 surveys were collected from parents of children between the ages of 6 and 24 months who belonged to two Primary Care consultations in Madrid-Spain. Children who practiced co-sleeping were considered as cases whereas those who did not were considered control group. The number of nocturnal awakenings, episodes of lower respiratory tract infection and the duration of exclusive or complementary breastfeeding have been used as outcome indicators. Results: the variables positively related to co-sleeping in the multivariate analysis are: the duration of exclusive breastfeeding, odds ratio (OR) = 1,127 (p = 0,008) and complementary breastfeeding, OR = 0,126 (p < 0,0001); the number of nocturnal awakenings over three times, OR = 1,844 (p = 0,001) and smoking habit by one or both progenitors OR = 2,290 (p = 0,008). The socioeconomic level acts as a protection factor OR = 0,545 (p = 0,001). The presence of lower respiratory tract infections was more frequent in the co-sleeping group, but had no statistical significance in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: the results indicate that co-sleeping favours breastfeeding and its extension through time. Nevertheless, it also favours children's nocturnal awakening and increases the risk of lower respiratory infections. The low socioeconomic level of the families and tobacco smoking are factors that favour co-sleeping.
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- 2017
9. El colecho en nuestro medio: estudio de casos y controles en las consultas pediátricas de Atención Primaria
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Martín Martín,R, Sánchez Bayle,M, and Teruel de Francisco,MC
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Colecho - Abstract
Resumen: Objetivo: estudiar la prevalencia del colecho en las familias de los niños que acuden a las consultas pediátricas de Atención Primaria y su relación con determinados aspectos de la crianza. Pacientes y métodos: estudio de casos y controles mediante cuestionario. Se han recogido 317 encuestas de niños con edades comprendidas entre 6 y 24 meses y pertenecientes a dos consultas de Atención Primaria de Madrid. Los niños que practicaban colecho se consideraron como casos, y los que no lo practicaban se consideraron el grupo de control. El número de despertares nocturnos por encima de tres, los episodios de infecciones respiratorias de vías bajas y la duración de la lactancia materna exclusiva o complementada fueron utilizadas como medidas de resultado. Resultados: en el análisis multivariante, las variables relacionadas positivamente con el colecho son: el tiempo de lactancia materna exclusiva, odds ratio (OR) = 1,127 (p = 0,008) y mixta OR = 1,126 (p < 0,0001); el número de niños con más de tres despertares nocturnos, OR = 1,844 (p = 0,001), y el tabaquismo de uno o ambos progenitores, OR = 2,290 (p = 0,008). El nivel socioeconómico actúa como factor de protección, OR = 0,545 (p = 0,001). La presencia de infecciones respiratorias de vías bajas fue más frecuente en el grupo con colecho, pero no tuvo significación estadística en el análisis multivariante. Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos muestran que la práctica del colecho facilita la instauración de la lactancia materna y su prolongación en el tiempo, y sin embargo favorece que los niños se despierten con mayor frecuencia en la noche y propicia que padezcan más procesos infecciosos de vías bajas. El bajo nivel socioeconómico y el tabaquismo de las familias son factores ligados a la práctica del colecho.
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- 2017
10. Miositis osificante traumática: a propósito de un caso
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Martín Martín, R.
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Myositis ossificans ,Miositis osificante ,Trauma ,Traumatismo - Abstract
La miositis osificante traumática es una patología infrecuente de etiopatogenia incierta, aunque actualmente se acepta que se produce por metaplasia de las células mesenquimales del tejido conectivo. Suele afectar a adolescentes y adultos jóvenes, generalmente como consecuencia de un traumatismo sobre una zona muscular; en el 80% de los casos se localiza en las extremidades inferiores. La clínica aparece dos o tres semanas después del traumatismo, aunque la mayoría de pacientes no recuerda el evento causal. Para el diagnóstico se puede requerir radiografía simple, ecografía, tomografía axial computarizada o resonancia magnética, que a veces no pueden distinguir esta patología de otras lesiones malignas como sarcomas de partes blandas u osteosarcomas. Por ello, para el diagnóstico de certeza, con frecuencia se requiere biopsia. El tratamiento generalmente es conservador. La cirugía solo se realiza en casos seleccionados por el riesgo de recidiva. Traumatic myositis ossificans is a rare pathology of uncertain etiology although it is now accepted that it is by metaplasia of connective tissue. It usually affects adolescents and young adults, usually as a result of trauma on a muscular area, 80% in the lower extremities. Symptoms appear two or three weeks after although most patients do not remember the trauma. Radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography or magnetic resonance may be required for diagnosis, which sometimes, cannot distinguish from malignant lesions such as soft tissue sarcomas or osteosarcomas. Therefore, definitive diagnosis often requires biopsy. Treatment is usually conservative. Surgery is performed only in selected cases for the risk of recurrence.
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- 2015
11. Miositis osificante traumática: a propósito de un caso
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Martín Martín, R., primary
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- 2015
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12. Max–min optimal discriminating designs for several statistical models
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Tommasi, C., primary, Martín-Martín, R., additional, and López-Fidalgo, J., additional
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- 2015
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13. Estudio sobre la eficacia y utilidad de la solución salina hipertónica al 3% en la bronquiolitis aguda del lactante hospitalizado
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Martín Martín, R., Yep Chullen, G., Sánchez Bayle, M., Villalobos Pinto, E., and Flores Pérez, P.
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Bronquiolitis aguda ,Treatment ,Tratamiento ,Acute bronchiolitis - Abstract
Objetivo: estudiar la utilidad de la solución salina hipertónica (SSH) al 3% inhalada en el tratamiento de la bronquiolitis aguda (BA) del lactante hospitalizado. Pacientes y métodos: estudio de casos y controles realizado con 639 pacientes de edad inferior a siete meses e ingresados con diagnóstico de BA, primer episodio, durante tres periodos estacionales consecutivos, en la sección de lactantes de un hospital pediátrico de Madrid (España). Los pacientes que recibieron como tratamiento, durante los dos primeros periodos estacionales, suero salino fisiológico (SSF) inhalado con o sin medicación se consideraron el grupo control y los pacientes que recibieron, durante el tercer periodo estacional, suero salino hipertónico al 3% inhalado con o sin medicación se consideraron como casos. Los días de hospitalización y las horas de oxigenoterapia fueron utilizados como medidas de resultado. Resultados: de la totalidad de los niños estudiados, 460 recibieron SSF inhalado, y 179 recibieron SSH al 3%. En el grupo que recibió SSF, la estancia media en el hospital fue de 5,16 días (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%]: 4,78-5,56) y el tiempo medio de oxigenoterapia fue de 57,34 (IC 95%: 52,93-61,75) frente a 4,90 días (IC 95%: 4,64-5,07) y 67,53 horas (IC 95%: 60,36-74,69), respectivamente, en el grupo tratado con SSH. Estos resultados no alcanzan significación estadística. Los pacientes con estudio positivo de virus respiratorio sincitial (VRS) en aspirado nasofaríngeo y que recibieron SSF necesitaron menos horas de oxígeno de manera significativa (p=0,004), así como aquellos que tenían edad
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- 2013
14. Tabaquismo pasivo en la infancia y patología respiratoria de las vías bajas en una consulta de Atención Primaria
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Martín Martín, R. and Sánchez Bayle, M.
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Infección respiratoria con sibilancias ,Passive smoking ,Tabaquismo pasivo ,Bronchiolitis ,Atención Primaria ,Paediatric Primary Care ,Bronquiolitis ,Asthmatic bronchitis - Abstract
Objetivo: estudiar la relación existente entre la exposición pasiva domiciliaria al tabaco y padecer bronquiolitis y/o episodios de cuadros respiratorios con sibilancias en niños de 0 a 7 años pertenecientes a una consulta pediátrica de Atención Primaria (AP) de Madrid. Pacientes y métodos: estudio retrospectivo transversal llevado a cabo con los datos obtenidos mediante cuestionarios realizados a 506 niños de hasta 7 años de edad, pertenecientes a una consulta pediátrica de AP. Se utilizaron el test de ji2 y laodds ratio para comparar porcentajes. Se realizó un análisis multivariante con regresión logística y una regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: de la totalidad de niños estudiados, el 24,11% presentó bronquiolitis y el 26,87%, episodios de broncoespasmo. El análisis multivariante mostró que la presencia de bronquiolitis está asociada positivamente con el tabaquismo materno, y que la aparición de episodios de broncoespasmo se asocia al hecho de haber padecido bronquiolitis. El número de episodios de broncoespasmo está asociado positivamente con el hecho de haber padecido bronquiolitis previa, con una gestación cuya duración hubiese sido menor de 36 semanas y con el número total de cigarrillos fumados por los padres. Conclusiones: el tabaquismo materno constituye un factor de riesgo para padecer bronquiolitis; ésta, a su vez, resulta un factor de riesgo para presentar episodios de bronquitis asmatiforme posteriormente; asimismo, con respecto al número de episodios de broncoespasmo al año, los factores de riesgo relacionados son: haber padecido una bronquiolitis previa, el número de cigarrillos fumados por los padres y un embarazo que haya durado menos de 36 semanas. Objective: to study the relationship between domestic passive smoking and bronchiolitis and/or asthmatic bronchitis episodes in children under 7 years from a Primary Care paediatric clinic in Madrid. Subjects and methods: cross-sectional retrospective study. Information was collected by questionnaires in 506 children aged less than 7 years. The chi-square test was used to compare percentages. A multiple logistic and lineal regression was carried out. Results: twenty four and eleven percent of children had bronchiolitis and 26.87% suffered asthmatic bronchitis episodes. Multivariant analysis showed that bronchiolitis was positively associated with maternal smoking and asthmatic bronchitis episodes were associated with previous bronchiolitis. The number of respiratory events was positively associated with previous bronchiolitis, with a history of prematurity and with the total amount of cigarettes smoked per day by both parents. Conclusions: maternal smoking is a risk factor for bronchiolitis, which in turn is a risk factor for future asthmatic bronchitis episodes. The risk factors related to the number of asthmatic bronchitis episodes per year are: other previous bronchiolitis, the number of cigarettes smoked by parents and a history of prematurity.
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- 2009
15. Análisis retrospectivo de las complicaciones asociadas a los dispositivos implantables intravasculares
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Gómez Fernández, M., Martín Martín, R., Romero Rapado, A., Cuello Azcárate, J.J., García Hernández, E., González Rodríguez, J.L., and Vega Cruz, M.S.
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Complications ,Infección ,Central venous catheterization ,Infection ,Cateterización venosa central ,Complicaciones - Abstract
Objetivos: Presentar nuestra serie de pacientes a los que se ha implantado un reservorio subcutáneo permanente, el sistema elegido, la técnica y las complicaciones. Material y métodos: Entre el 1 de enero de 2005 y el 31 de diciembre de 2006, se colocaron 66 dispositivos. Los pacientes provenían desde los servicios de oncología médica y hematología. La colocación del reservorio se hizo en quirófano, bajo estrictas medidas de asepsia. Se canalizó la vena subclavia por vía infraclavicular, según la técnica de Seldinger. Una vez canalizada la vena, se realizó una incisión a unos 5 cm del punto de punción para permitir a un tunelizador guiar el catéter hasta el lugar donde se colocaría el reservorio de titanio. Posteriormente, se disecó el tejido celular subcutáneo en la zona infraclavicular hasta crear un lecho donde se deposita un pequeño depósito con una membrana de silicona que permite las inyecciones, perfusiones y extracciones sanguíneas. Se fijó el depósito y se cerraron las incisiones por planos anatómicos. Se diseñó un protocolo para la recogida de datos y seguimiento que incluía: datos de filiación, diagnóstico, indicación, tipo de catéter, vía de acceso venoso, profilaxis antibiótica, complicaciones tempranas y tardías, eventual retirada del catéter y motivo, y días de uso sin complicaciones. El seguimiento de los pacientes de realizó de forma retrospectiva hasta cierre del estudio (junio de 2007). El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS 11.0. Resultados: La indicación fue la administración de quimioterapia; la patología predominante fue el carcinoma de mama. Los catéteres utilizados fueron del tipo Celsite ST201. La vía de acceso elegida mayoritariamente fue la vena subclavia derecha (60,6%). Aparecieron complicaciones tempranas (menos de un mes de la colocación) en 2 (3%) pacientes, consistentes en funcionamiento anómalo del catéter y un neumotórax, que se resolvió con medidas conservadoras. En cuanto a las complicaciones tardías, aparecieron en 12 (18,2%) pacientes. La media ± desviación estándar de días de uso sin complicaciones fue de 309,5 ± 353,32. El promedio de complicaciones por 1.000 días de uso fue de 0,6, intervalo de confianza del 95%, 0,3-1. No se objetivaron diferencias significativas entre la aparición de infección y la administración de profilaxis antibiótica. Sí se observó una mayor incidencia de complicaciones, con significación estadística, en los dispositivos implantados por vena subclavia izquierda. Conclusiones: La tasa de complicaciones en nuestra serie es equivalente a las series publicadas por otros autores; asimismo, destacamos una mayor incidencia de complicaciones, estadísticamente significativa, en los reservorios implantados a través de la subclavia izquierda. Objectives: To present our series of patients with a permanent subcutaneous reservoir and describe the system chosen, the technique used, and complications. Material and methods: Between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2006, 66 devices were placed in patients from the Medical Oncology and Hematology Services. The reservoir was placed in the operating room, under strict aseptic conditions. The subclavian vein was canalized through the infraclavicular route, following Seldinger's technique. After the vein was canalized, an incision was made approximately 5 cm from the puncture point to allow a tunneler to guide the catheter to the area where the titanium reservoir would be placed. Subsequently, the subcutaneous cellular tissue of the infraclavicular area was dissected to create a bed where a small deposit was placed with a silicone membrane to allow injections, perfusions and blood extraction. The deposit was fixed and the incisions were closed by anatomical planes. A protocol was designed for data collection and follow-up, which included the following: affiliation, diagnosis, indication, catheter type, route of venous access, antibiotic prophylaxis, early and late complications, eventual catheter withdrawal and reason, days of use without complications. Patient follow-up was performed retrospectively until the end of the study (June 2007). The statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 11.0 statistical package. Results: The indication was chemotherapy administration and the main disease was breast carcinoma. The type of catheter used was Celsite ST201. The most frequently chosen route of access was the right subclavian vein (60.6%). Early complications (less than 1 month after placement) occurred in two patients (3%) and consisted of catheter malfunction and pneumothorax, which were resolved with conservative measures. Late complications occurred in 12 patients (18.2%). The mean number of days of use without complications was 309.5 (±353.32). The mean number of complications per 1000 days of use was 0.6, 95% CI (0.3-1). No significant differences were found between the occurrence of infection and administration of antibiotic prophylaxis. However, the incidence of complications was significantly higher in devices implanted through the left subclavian vein. Conclusions: The complications rate in our series was similar to that in other published series. Importantly, the incidence of complications was significantly higher in reservoirs implanted through the left subclavian vein.
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- 2009
16. Cribado visual en Atención Primaria: ¿cómo se realiza?
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Martín Martín, R., primary, Bilbao Sustacha, J. A., additional, and Collado Cucò, A., additional
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- 2013
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17. Estudio sobre la eficacia y utilidad de la solución salina hipertónica al 3% en la bronquiolitis aguda del lactante hospitalizado
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Martín Martín, R., primary, Yep Chullen, G., additional, Sánchez Bayle, M., additional, Villalobos Pinto, E., additional, and Flores Pérez, P., additional
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- 2013
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18. Estudio de la eficacia y utilidad de la fisioterapia respiratoria en la bronquiolitis aguda del lactante hospitalizado. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado y doble ciego
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Sánchez Bayle, M., primary, Martín Martín, R., additional, Cano Fernández, J., additional, Martínez Sánchez, G., additional, Gómez Martín, J., additional, Yep Chullen, G., additional, and García García, M.C., additional
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- 2012
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19. Tabaquismo pasivo en la infancia y patología respiratoria de las vías bajas en una consulta de Atención Primaria
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Martín Martín, R., primary and Sánchez Bayle, M., additional
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- 2009
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20. Análisis retrospectivo de las complicaciones asociadas a los dispositivos implantables intravasculares
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Gómez Fernández, M., primary, Martín Martín, R., additional, Romero Rapado, A., additional, Cuello Azcárate, J.J., additional, García Hernández, E., additional, González Rodríguez, J.L., additional, and Vega Cruz, M.S., additional
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- 2009
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21. Marginally restricted D-optimal designs for correlated observations
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López-Fidalgo, J., primary, Martín-Martín, R., additional, and Stehlík, M., additional
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- 2008
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22. Nivel socioeconómico y consumo de recursos sanitarios en atención primaria
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Arias Álvarez, M.A., primary, Sánchez Bayle, M., additional, Gancedo García, C., additional, Martín Martín, R., additional, Estepa Soto, M.aR., additional, and Díaz Martínez, M.aE., additional
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- 2004
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23. EVALUATION OF DELAY IN DEFINITIVE SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF EMPYEMA
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Martin, Martin R., Raval, Mehul, Blum, Matthew G., Sutton, Sarah H., and de Hoyos Parra, Alberto L.
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- 2007
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24. Correlation between Alt a 1 levels and clinical symptoms in Alternaria alternata- monosensitized patients
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Feo Brito, F., Alonso, A. M., Carnés, J., Martín-Martín, R., Fernández-Caldas, E., Galindo, P. A., Teresa Alfaya, and Amo-Salas, M.
25. Respiratory viral coinfections in pediatric patients in the primary care setting: a multicenter prospective study within the COPEDICAT network.
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Andrés C, Perramon-Malavez A, Creus-Costa A, Gatell A, Martín-Martín R, Solà-Segura E, Riera-Bosch MT, Biosca M, Soler I, Chiné M, Sanz L, Quezada G, Pérez S, Salvadó O, Sau I, Prats C, Antón A, and Soriano-Arandes A
- Abstract
Acute respiratory viral infections pose a significant healthcare burden on the pediatric population globally, but data on the dissemination pattern in the community due to the COVID-19 pandemic are scarce. We conducted a two-year prospective multicenter study in Catalonia (Spain) that examined the prevalence and coinfection dynamics of respiratory viruses among 1276 pediatric patients from different age groups attending primary care. Coinfection analysis demonstrated complex patterns and revealed a coinfection rate of 23.8% for SARS-CoV-2, often in association with rhinovirus or influenza A. This study provides valuable data to understand post-pandemic viral interactions, which is imperative for public health interventions., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2024
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26. Nuclear DNA Content Variation in Different Life Cycle Stages of Sugar Kelp, Saccharina latissima.
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Goecke F, Gómez Garreta A, Martín-Martín R, Rull Lluch J, Skjermo J, and Ergon Å
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- Animals, DNA genetics, Life Cycle Stages genetics, Ploidies, Sugars, Kelp genetics, Phaeophyceae genetics
- Abstract
Ploidy variants can be utilized to increase yield, introduce sterility, and modify specific traits with an economic impact. Despite economic importance of Saccharina species, their nuclear DNA content in different cell types and life stages remain unclear. The present research was initiated to determine the nuclear DNA content and intraindividual variation at different life cycle stages of the Laminarialean kelp Saccharina latissima. Nuclear DNA content in embryonic and mature sporophytes, released and unreleased zoospores, female, and male gametophytes from Sør-Trøndelag county in Norway were estimated by image analysis using the DNA-localizing fluorochrome DAPI and chicken's red blood cells as a standard. DNA content of a total of 6905 DAPI-stained nuclei was estimated. This is the first study of nuclear DNA content which covered the life cycle of kelp. The lowest level of DNA content (1C) was observed in zoospores with an average of 0.76 pg. Male and female single spore gametophyte cultures presented higher average DNA content, more than double that of zoospores, suggesting the presence of polyteny. Female gametophyte nuclei were slightly larger and more variable in size than those of male gametophytes. The DNA content observed in embryonic sporophytes and in meristoderm cells from older sporophytes (1.51 pg) was 2C as expected and in the range of previously published studies of sporophytes of S. latissima. Mature sporophytes showed intra-plant variation with DNA content values ranging from 2-16C. The main difference was between meristoderm cells (mostly 2C) and cortical and medullary cells (2-16C)., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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27. Optimal-robust selection of a fuel surrogate for homogeneous charge compression ignition modeling.
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García-Camacha Gutiérrez I, Martín Martín R, and Sanz Argent J
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- Algorithms, Computer Simulation, Cyclohexanes chemistry, Heptanes chemistry, Toluene chemistry, Vehicle Emissions legislation & jurisprudence, Vehicle Emissions toxicity, Complex Mixtures chemistry, Computer-Aided Design, Energy-Generating Resources, Models, Chemical, Motor Vehicles legislation & jurisprudence
- Abstract
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion is a potential candidate for dealing with the stringent regulations on vehicle emissions while still providing very good energy efficiency. Despite the promising results obtained in preliminary studies, the lack of autoignition control has delayed its launch in the engine industry. In the development of the HCCI concept, the availability of reliable computer models has proved extremely valuable, due to their flexibility and lower cost compared with experiments using real engines. In order to obtain the best formulation of a fuel surrogate formulated with n-heptane, toluene and cyclohexane that efficiently estimate the autoignition behaviour, regression adjustments are made to the Root-Mean-Square Errors (RMSE) of experimental Starts of Combustion (SOC) from the modeled SOC. The canonical form of the Scheffé polynomials is widely used to fit the data from mixture experiments, however the experimenter might have only partial knowledge. In this paper we present the adaptation of the robust methodology for possibly misspecified blending model and an algorithm to obtain tailor-made optimal designs for mixture experiments, instead of using standard designs which are indiscriminately employed, to make good estimations of the parameters blending model. We maximize the determinant of the mean squared error matrix of the least square estimator over a realistic neighbourhood of the fitted regression mixture model. The maximized determinant is then minimized over the class of possible designs, yielding an optimal design. Thus, the computed desings are robust to the exact form of the true blending model. Standard mixture designs, as the simplex lattice, are around 25% efficient for estimation purposes compared with the designs obtained in this work when deviances from the considered model occur during the experiments. Once an optimal-robust design was selected (based on the level of certainty about model adequacy), we computed the optimal mixture that best reproduces the combustion property to be imitated. Optimal mixtures obtained when the considered model is inadequate agree with the results achieved in empirical studies, which validates the methodology proposed in this work., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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- 2020
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28. [Psychosocial aspects associated with excessive attendance in primary care paediatric clinics].
- Author
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Martín Martín R, Sánchez Bayle M, and Teruel de Francisco C
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Pediatrics, Primary Health Care, Medical Overuse statistics & numerical data, Patient Acceptance of Health Care psychology, Patient Acceptance of Health Care statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Objective: Hyper-attendance is a significant problem in paediatric Primary Care clinics. The aim of our study was to analyse the level of attendance in these clinics and its relationship with certain psychosocial aspects of the families attending them., Patients and Methods: Observational descriptive study was conducted using questionnaires collected during a period of 6months, as well as recording the frequency of attendance in the previous 6months. A total of 346 questionnaires of children between 6months and 13years of age belonging to 2 urban Primary Care clinics in Madrid were completed. The raw data was analysed, and comparisons between groups and multivariate analysis were performed., Results: The mean number of consultations in the last 6months, of the total included in the study, was 3.06 in the Primary Care centre, and 0.77 in the emergency services. It was considered over-frequent for those who had attended the Primary Care health centre 6 or more times in this period (>p90), of which there were 33 children (9.53%). In the multivariate analysis, the variables related to being frequent users of Primary Care clinics were: the presence of high level of anxiety in the parents (OR=5.50; 95%CI: 2.49-12.17, P<.0001), and the age of the children (OR=0.73; 95%CI: 0.58-0.91, P=.005). The model presented an area under the curve of 0.761 (95%CI: 0.678-0.945, P<.0001)., Conclusions: The frequency of visits in paediatric Primary Care clinics is directly related to the high level of anxiety of the parents, and inversely to the age of the children. It would be advisable to detect and, if possible, intervene in cases of high parental anxiety in order to try to reduce the over-frequency in the paediatric primary health care., (Copyright © 2017 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. [Impact of air pollution in paediatric consultations in Primary Health Care: Ecological study].
- Author
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Martín Martín R and Sánchez Bayle M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Respiratory Tract Diseases etiology, Respiratory Tract Diseases therapy, Spain, Urban Health, Air Pollution adverse effects, Primary Health Care statistics & numerical data, Referral and Consultation statistics & numerical data, Respiratory Tract Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
Objective: To study the correlation between the levels of environmental pollutants and the number of paediatric consultations related to respiratory disease in Primary Health Care., Patients and Methods: An ecological study is performed, in which the dependent variable analysed was the number of paediatric consultations in an urban Primary Health Care centre in Madrid over a 3 year period (2013-2015), and specifically the consultations related to bronchiolitis, recurrent bronchospasm, and upper respiratory diseases. The independent variables analysed were the levels of environmental pollutants. Coefficients of correlation and multiple lineal regressions were calculated. An analysis has been carried out comparing the average of paediatric consultations when the levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO
2 ) were higher and lower than 40μg/m3. RESULTS: During the period of the study, there were a total of 52,322 paediatric consultations in the health centre, of which 6,473 (12.37%) were related to respiratory diseases. A positive correlation was found between SO2 , CO, NOx and NO2 and benzene levels and paediatric consultations related to respiratory diseases, and a negative correlation with temperature. The number of consultations was significantly higher when NO2 levels exceeded 40μg/m3 . In the multiple lineal regression (P=.0001), the correlation was only positive between consultations and NO2 levels (3.630, 95% CI: 0.691-6.570), and negative with temperature (-5,957, 95% CI: -8.665 to -3.248)., Conclusions: NO2 environmental pollution is related to an increase in respiratory diseases in children. Paediatricians should contribute to promote an improvement in urban air quality as a significant preventive measure., (Copyright © 2017 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Design of experiments for zeroth and first-order reaction rates.
- Author
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Amo-Salas M, Martín-Martín R, and Rodríguez-Aragón LJ
- Subjects
- Kinetics, Temperature, Time Factors, Models, Theoretical, Research Design
- Abstract
This work presents optimum designs for reaction rates experiments. In these experiments, time at which observations are to be made and temperatures at which reactions are to be run need to be designed. Observations are performed along time under isothermal conditions. Each experiment needs a fixed temperature and so the reaction can be measured at the designed times. For these observations under isothermal conditions over the same reaction a correlation structure has been considered. D-optimum designs are the aim of our work for zeroth and first-order reaction rates. Temperatures for the isothermal experiments and observation times, to obtain the most accurate estimates of the unknown parameters, are provided in these designs. D-optimum designs for a single observation in each isothermal experiment or for several correlated observations have been obtained. Robustness of the optimum designs for ranges of the correlation parameter and comparisons of the information gathered by different designs are also shown., (© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2014
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31. Fluid therapy and iatrogenic hyponatraemia risk in children hospitalised with acute gastroenteritis: prospective study.
- Author
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Sánchez-Bayle M, Martín-Martín R, Cano-Fernández J, and Villalobos-Pinto E
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Child, Preschool, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Iatrogenic Disease, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Prospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Fluid Therapy adverse effects, Gastroenteritis therapy, Hyponatremia etiology, Hypotonic Solutions adverse effects
- Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyse whether the use of hypotonic fluids increases the risk of iatrogenic hyponatraemia in children hospitalised with acute gastroenteritis (AGE)., Patients and Methods: Prospective study carried out on 205 patients with ages ranging from 1 to 28 months and admitted with a diagnosis of mild or moderate dehydration due to AGE and treated with intravenous hypotonic fluids in a paediatric department in Madrid (Spain). The degree of dehydration at presentation was estimated using standard clinical measures. 198 children received 0.3 % glucosaline solution and in 7 patients, with baseline hypernatraemia, 0.2 % gluco-hyposaline solution was administered. We analysed the results according to whether children were hyponatraemic, normonatraemic or hypernatraemic at presentation. The blood and urine samples were analysed and the concentration of sodium and fractional sodium excretion (EFNa) before and after intervention were considered as outcome measures., Results: The 205 patients included in the study were distributed in 3 groups according to the baseline natraemia results. In 37 cases we detected hyponatraemia (18.04%), in 133 cases isonatraemia (64.87%) and in 35 children hypernatraemia (17.07%). After administering hypotonic fluids we detected a significant difference between initial and final natraemia in all groups; in the group with hyponatraemia, sodium increased and in the groups with iso and hypernatraemia, sodium slightly decreased. A significant correlation between the EFNa and the evolution of natraemia was found. No cases of hyponatraemia post-infusion were seen and there was no correlation between free water administered and natraemia evolution., Conclusions: RESULTS show that the use of hypotonic fluids does not increase the risk of hospital acquired hyponatraemia in hospitalised children with normal renal function. Our children with gastroenteritis did not develop hyponatraemia even though they were all treated with hypotonic intravenous solutions.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. [Chest physiotherapy and bronchiolitis in the hospitalised infant. Double-blind clinical trial].
- Author
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Sánchez Bayle M, Martín Martín R, Cano Fernández J, Martínez Sánchez G, Gómez Martín J, Yep Chullen G, and García García MC
- Subjects
- Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Bronchiolitis therapy, Respiratory Therapy methods
- Abstract
Objective: [corrected] To study the utility of chest physiotherapy by increased exhalation technique with assisted cough in the acute bronchiolite of the hospitalized new-born babys., Patients and Methods: Double-blind clinical trial accomplished on 236 patients of age lower than 7 months and hospitalizad with diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis, first episode, in a pediatric department in Madrid.The patients were randomized in two groups: those who have received maneuvers of chest physiotherapy and those who have received maneuvers placebo. Only physiotherapist were aware of the allocation group of the infants. The days of hospitalization and the hours of oxygentherapy were used like result measurement., Results: From the totality of the studied children 57,6% received maneuvers of chest physiotherapy and 42,4% remaining received maneuvers placebo. In the group that received chest physiotherapy the average stay in the hospital was 4,56 days (95% confidence interval [CI] 4,36-6,06) and the average time of oxygentherapy was 49,98 (95% CI 43,64-67,13) hours opposite to 4,54 days (95%CI 3,81-5,73) and 53,53 hours (95% CI 48,03-81,40) respectively in the group that did not receive chest physiotherapy. In the patients with analytical print for VRS and that received chest physiotherapy less hours of oxygen therapy were needed 48,80 hours (95% CI 42,94-55,29) opposite to 56,68 hours (95% CI 55,46-65,52) respectively, being the only one turned out as per statistics significantly (P=.042)., Conclusions: Results show that chest physiotherapy has not been effective in reducing hospital stay or length of oxygentherapy in patients with acute bronchiolitis, but in the positive study of children with respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal aspirate showed a reduced need hours of oxygen. hours (P=.042)., (Copyright © 2011 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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33. Correlation between Alt a 1 levels and clinical symptoms in Alternaria alternata-monosensitized patients.
- Author
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Feo Brito F, Alonso AM, Carnés J, Martín-Martín R, Fernández-Caldas E, Galindo PA, Alfaya T, and Amo-Salas M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Air Microbiology, Allergens analysis, Antibodies, Monoclonal immunology, Colony Count, Microbial methods, Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic, Female, Fungal Proteins analysis, Humans, Male, Spores immunology, Young Adult, Allergens immunology, Alternaria immunology, Asthma immunology, Fungal Proteins immunology, Rhinitis immunology
- Abstract
Background: Alternaria alternata is a risk factor for developing asthma.Alt a 1, which has been described as the major allergen in A alternata, shows a good correlation with A alternata spores only when they have germinated., Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between spore counts and clinical symptoms in patients with allergic asthma and/or rhinitis monosensitized to A alternata., Methods: Two types of samplers were used to determine exposure: a Burkard spore trap to collect A alternata spores and a high-volume air sampler to collect airborne particles. A total of 366 air filters were collected. Alt a 1 levels were measured by monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Eighteen monosensitized patients were asked to record their daily symptoms throughout the year., Results: A alternata spores were detected throughout the year, whereas Alt a 1 was detected only between March and December. Symptoms showed positive and significant correlations with spore counts (r=0.459, P<.001), and Alt a 1 levels (r=0.294, P<.001). The correlation between spores and Alt a 1 was low. The negative binomial model proved that an increase of 10 pg/m3 in Alt a 1 levels increased the number of symptoms at a 3-day lag by 5%., Conclusions: In patients who are allergic to A alternata, Alt a 1 levels can be considered an important marker for predicting the risk of respiratory symptoms.
- Published
- 2012
34. [Understanding of avian flu and change in habits because of it].
- Author
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Elorduy Bilbao O, Rey Martínez MR, Martín Martín R, and Rego Fernández C
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Comprehension, Confidence Intervals, Cross-Over Studies, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Information Dissemination, Interviews as Topic, Poultry, Radio, Spain, Surveys and Questionnaires, Television, Health Education, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Influenza in Birds, Influenza, Human
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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35. [Socioeconomic status and resource consumption in primary care].
- Author
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Arias Alvarez MA, Sánchez Bayle M, Gancedo García C, Martín Martín R, Estepa Soto MR, and Díaz Martínez ME
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Retrospective Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, Spain, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health Resources economics, Health Resources statistics & numerical data, Pharmaceutical Preparations economics, Primary Health Care economics
- Abstract
Objective: To determine the influence of socioeconomic status on healthcare demand and resource consumption in our population., Patients and Methods: We performed a cross sectional, retrospective study of socioeconomic status and healthcare and pharmaceutical consumption in randomly selected patients from five primary care pediatric clinics in Madrid. The chi-square test was used to compare percentages. For the remaining analyses, nonparametric tests were used after confirming that the data followed non-normal distribution., Results: We compared 684 questionnaires. Patients in the most disadvantaged socioeconomic levels consumed a greater number of drugs than those in more privileged levels (mean 0.79 vs. 0.47, p = 0.04). The mean pharmacological expenditure was also higher in the lowest socioeconomic levels than in the highest levels (5.28 Euros vs. 2.21 Euros, respectively; p = 0.001). No significant differences were found among socioeconomic levels in the number of consultations or diagnostic tests requested. The number of consultations was higher in younger patients (p < 0.001) or in those with chronic diseases (p = 0.001). Drug consumption was increased in the most disadvantaged levels (p = 0.002) and in patients with chronic diseases (p < 0.001). Lastly, pharmacological expenditure expressed in Euros was also higher in the lowest socioeconomic levels (p = 0.001) and in patients with chronic diseases (p < 0.001) but was lower if one of the parents was a foreigner (p = 0.031)., Conclusions: We found a relationship between socioeconomic level and drug consumption and its attributable cost. These data should be confirmed by broader studies.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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