Search

BackgroundPoisoning is a significant public health problem globally. Ethiopia is a low-income country undergoing technological and social change that may increase access to drugs and chemicals, potentially increasing the incidence of poisoning. This study describes the epidemiology of hospital admissions due to poisoning in a region of Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution based prospective observational study was employed, as a study design, in selected hospitals of the region from January to December 2018.ResultsOf 442 poisoning cases, 78 (17.6%) died. Almost all poisoning cases were intentional self-poisonings. The most frequent poisonings were organophosphate compounds, 145 (32.8%), and metal phosphides (majorly aluminum phosphide), 115 (26.0%). The ingested poison was most frequently accessed from the patients' homes, 243 (55.0%), followed by purchases from local shops, 159 (36%). The median duration of admission was 24 hours. Of all the cases, 23 (5.2%) were admitted to intensive care units (ICU) requiring mechanical ventilation. Most of the cases admitted to the ICU were aluminum phosphide-poisoned patients. The majority of deaths (43 of 78) were due to metal phosphides. From the multivariate logistic regression analysis, altered level of consciousness on hospital arrival, metal phosphide poisoning, and no laboratory result as a part of the diagnosis process or investigation of the extent of toxicity were found to be significantly associated with the likelihood of poor treatment outcome.ConclusionThe majority of the poisoning cases were females. The most common reasons for the intent of self-poisoning were dispute-related, mainly family disharmonies, followed by psychiatric conditions. The poisoning agents were mostly obtained from households. Organophosphate compounds and metal phosphides were the first and the second most frequently encountered poisoning agents, respectively, and it was noted that the later ones were responsible for most of the fatal cases. Of the pharmacologic interventions, atropine was the only agent regarded as an antidote. The most commonly employed agent for supportive treatment was cimetidine followed by maintenance fluids, while gastric lavage was the only GI decontamination method used among others. The fatality rate of poisoning in this study was found to be much higher than in other similar studies. Impaired consciousness upon hospital arrival, metal phosphide poisoning, and no involvement of laboratory investigation were found to significantly associate with the likelihood of death. Generally, the results dictate the need for the design and implementation of strategies to create awareness, prevent, and manage poisoning incidences in the community.

Abstract Background Induction of labor is an artificial initiation of uterine contractions after fetal viability with the aim of vaginal delivery prior to the onset of spontaneous labor. Prevalence of induction of labor is increasing worldwide with subsequent increase in failure rate. However, there is limited evidence on labor induction in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors of failed induction of labor among women undergoing induction of labor at referral hospitals of Amhara national regional state, Ethiopia, 2016. Method A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted at referral hospitals found in Amhara national regional state from February 01 to September 30, 2016. Multistage sampling technique was employed to select a total of 484 women who underwent labor induction. Pre-tested structured questionnaires and checklists were used to collect the data. Data were entered into EPI info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Stepwise Binary Logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with failed induction of labor. The level of significance was determined based on the adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval at the p-value of ≤0.05. Result The prevalence of failed induction of labor among women undergoing induction of labor was 31.4% (95% CI: 27.0, 36.0). Failed induction of labor was independently predicted by a Bishop score of ≤5 (AOR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.3, 3.6), prolonged latent first stage of labor (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.2, 3.5), induction with oxytocin alone (AOR = 4.2; 95% CI: 2.2, 8.1), nulliparity (ARO = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2, 2.9), post term pregnancy (AOR = 4.1; 95% CI: 1.8, 9.3) and hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.5, 5.1). Conclusion Failed induction of labor was high in the study area compared to the reports of previous studies done in Ethiopia. The majority of the determinants of failed induction of labor were connected with unjustifiable and inconsistent indication of induction of labor. Thus, preparing standardized practical guidelines and preventing unjustifiable case selection may help reduce the current high failure rates.

Introduction: Depression and HIV/AIDS are estimated to be the world's two leading causes of burden of disease by 2030. Depression during pregnancy is a significant public health problem because it has negative effects on the health of the mother and her fetus. However, evidence on antenatal depression and associated factors among HIV-positive women is scarce in the study area. Objective: This study was aimed to assess antenatal depression and associated factors among HIV-positive pregnant women attending prevention of mother to child transmission service in South Gondar zone public health facilities, northwest Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 606 HIV-positive pregnant women. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews and chart review. Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale was used to assess antenatal depression. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Multivariable logistic regression model was fitted and AOR with 95% CI was computed to determine the level of significance. Results: The prevalence of antenatal depression was 36.4% (95% CI: 32.7, 40.2). Being unmarried (AOR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.26, 6.07), experienced intimate partner violence during this pregnancy (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.15), ART non -adherence (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.50, 3.18), and experienced internalized AIDS stigma (AOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.09) were significantly associated with antenatal depression. Conclusion and recommendation: In this study, more than one-thirds of HIV-positive pregnant women had antenatal depression. Screening HIV-positive pregnant women for depression and provision of intervention is recommended.

Consistent condom utilization is the key strategy to prevent new HIV strain transmissions among ART users. There are limited evidences on consistent condom utilization among women who are on ART in Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted among sexually active female ART users from June to August, 2018. Data were collected using a systematic random sampling data collection method. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors for the outcome Results: study indicated that 137(34.2%) women reported that they were using condom for the last three months, of whom 81 (59.1% (n = 137)) used condoms consistently. Respondents` age group from 21-30 (AOR = 4.381, 95%CI = 1.05, 18.331), Counseling about condom utilization (ARO = 9.442, 95% CI = 4.387, 20.32) and husbands` educational status “diploma and above” (AOR = 3.65, 95% CI = 1.007, 13.227) were significantly associated with condom utilization.

Abstract Objective This study was aimed to assess appropriate complementary feeding practice and associated factors among mothers having children aged 6–24 months in Debre Tabor Hospital, North West Ethiopia, 2016. Results In this study, 37.2% of mothers had appropriate complementary feeding practice. Mothers’ level of education above grade 12 (AOR = 2.96, CI 1.2–7.62), husbands’ occupation (AOR = 4.01, CI 1.3–12.44), mothers ‘having exclusive breast feeding practice (AOR = 6.12, CI 3.04–12.3), health education about exclusive breast feeding during antenatal care visit (AOR = 5.59, CI 1.24–25.17) and advice on appropriate complementary feeding practice during antenatal care visit (AOR = 6.34, CI 1.5–26.91), and mothers who have got under 5 unit service due to infant and young children illness (AOR = 0.44, CI 0.22–0.89) were statistically significant variables for appropriate complementary feeding practice.

Abstract Objective This study was aimed to assess perinatal outcomes of severe preeclampsia/eclampsia and associated factors among mothers admitted in Amhara Region referral hospitals, North West Ethiopia, 2018. Results This study revealed that the overall prevalence of unfavorable perinatal outcome from the severe preeclamptic/eclamptic mothers was 46.5%. It shows that the finding of unfavorable perinatal outcome was high which needs an obligation to put our recommendation as improvement of health care set ups for preventions as well as interventions of such problems. Variables which were positively associated with unfavorable perinatal outcomes were: maternal educational status (AOR = 6.6, 95% CI 1.32, 10.03), parity (AOR = 8.3, 95% CI 6.27, 27.02), gestational age in weeks (AOR = 9.6, 95% CI 2, 18.65) and time of drug given for the mother (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI 1.81, 8.07).

Abstract Background Intimate partner physical violence is a common global phenomenon. About 30.00% and 38.83% of women in the world and in sub-Saharan Africa experienced physical violence by their partner respectively in 2013. Though intimate partner violence has serious adverse health consequences, there is limited information about partner violence during pregnancy in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalnce of physical intimate partner violence during pregnancy and associated factors among women attending antenatal care in Shire Endaselassie town, Tigray, northen Ethiopia Methods A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 3 to July 6, 2015. Four hundred and twenty-two pregnant women attending three public health facilities were included using systematic sampling technique. In addition, twenty-two purposely selected key informants were interviewed. The data collectors and supervisors were trained on all data collection processes. Data were entered to Epi-Info version 7.1.2.00 and exported to SPSS version 20.00. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with intimate partner physical violence. Statistical significance was declared at p