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Oldhebraisk numeraliesyntaks er ejendommelig på flere måder, og forskellige syntaktiske mønstre bruges side om side. Det er sandsynligt at mindst en af variationerne skyldes sprogudvikling og er ældre end dens modstykke. Mange hebraister bruger sådanne systematiske forskelle til sprogligt at datere bibelske tekster. Men bibelsk hebraiske tekster er yderst uegnede til sproglig datering, og forskelle i den foretrukne numeraliesyntaks i visse tekster ændrer ikke dette billede.

The intuition of established scholars often holds them back from appreciating revolutionary advances in the understanding of how biblical texts evolved and how to view their language in that context. Kuhn’s theory of paradigm shifts helps elucidate the current debate regarding the linguistic dating theories of Avi Hurvitz and others. We discuss these linguistic dating theories and use Richard Friedman’s book on the exodus as an example of the old paradigm. We then juxtapose it with the emerging paradigm that is founded on more robust data collection and analysis.

This paper covers videos created and used in different learning patterns. The videos are grouped according to the teaching or learning activities in which they are used. One group of videos are used by the teacher for one-way communication, including: online lectures, experts interacting with one another, instruction videos and introduction videos. Further videos are teacher-student interactive videos, including: feedback on student deliveries, student productions and interactive videos. Examples from different courses at different faculties at The University of Copenhagen of different types of videos (screencasts, pencasts and different kinds of camera recordings, from quick-and-dirty videos made by teachers at their own computer to professionally produced studio recordings) as well as audio files are presented with links, as an empirical basis for the discussion. The paper is very practically oriented and looks at e.g. which course design and teaching situation is suitable for which type of video; at which point is an audio file preferable to a video file; and how to produce videos easily and without specialized equipment, if you don’t have access to (or time for) professional assistance. In the article, we also point out how a small amount of tips & tricks regarding planning, design and presentation technique can improve recordings made by teachers themselves. We argue that the way to work with audio and video is to start by analyzing the pedagogical needs, in this way adapting the type and use of audio and video to the pedagogical context.

L'utilisation d'expressions de reference (noms propres, syntagmes nominaux et pronoms) dans un texte dans une langue cible peut differer du texte dans la langue source en ce qui concerne leur caractere explicite : l'un peut utiliser un pronom (moins explicite) la ou l'autre utilise un nom propre (plus explicite) ou l'un peut avoir un syntagme nominal indefini (moins explicite) la ou l'autre utilise un syntagme nominal defini (plus explicite). Mais ces differences sont-elles systematiques ? Dans un article dans Babel, Yowell Y. Aziz montre que l'on arrive a des differences notables dans le caractere explicite de differentes expressions de reference lorsque l'on compare un texte arabe a sa traduction anglaise et qu'en general, le texte anglais est le plus explicite. Mais cela signifie-t-il que l'anglais est generalement plus explicite dans son utilisation d'expressions de reference ou la difference reside-t-elle plutot dans le besoin du texte dans la langue cible d'etre plus explicite afin d'en faciliter la comprehension ? La derniere option semble judicieuse. Le texte dans la langue source est ecrit pour un public qui connait la langue et qui est donc cense etre plus ou moins familiarise avec la culture. C'est pourquoi l'auteur peut ne pas avoir besoin d'etre aussi explicite que s'il ecrivait pour un public moins familiarise avec la culture. En guise de test preliminaire de cette option, l'article compare le caractere explicite des expressions de reference dans un roman americain, Sula de Toni Morrison, et dans sa traduction arabe. Ce faisant, nous appliquons la methode d'Aziz, mais au lieu de partir de l'arabe vers l'anglais, comme Aziz, nous procedons de maniere inverse. Le texte en langue cible est a nouveau plus explicite que le texte en langue source (en fait, beaucoup plus explicite), ce qui augmente la probabilite que les traductions (du moins dans le cas d'ecarts culturels larges) tendent a etre plus explicites que leurs sources en ce qui concerne l'utilisation d'expressions de reference.

Artiklen præsenterer en dansk oversættelse af det ældste bevarede manuskript af det syriske Adams Testamente, samt en introduktion og diskussion af centrale aspekter af skriftets sprog og teologi, såsom fortolkningen af begivenhederne i Edens have, den forbudne frugt, Adams fremtidige skæbne og de kristologiske implikationer. The article presents a Danish translation of the oldest extant manuscript of the Syriac Testament of Adam. This manuscript comprises the two first sections (the Horarium and Prophecy) of the total of three sections usually described as making up this composite text. In addition to giving an introduction and translation, the article discusses key issues of the text’s language and theology and aspects of its interpretation of the Garden of Eden story, such as the nature of the forbidden fruit, the future fate of Adam and its Christological implications.

The two comprehensive reference grammars for Biblical Hebrew, Gesenius/Kautzsch and Jouon/Muraoka, in addition to the more or less generally accepted categories of use of the definite article, make use of a category which they describe as not having to do with definiteness in the sense that we know it. In this category they group the instances of use of the article that do not seem to fit into the generally accepted categories, instances where the Hebrew definite article, in German and English respectively, is said to be expressed by an indefinite article. In the present article, I analyse the 67 examples given to substantiate the existence of the proposed category. I argue that this category probably does not exist and I contend that most of the examples, when carefully analysed, are examples of regular article usage. When the nouns in question are perceived as nondetermined and translated as such, it is because we are not sufficiently familiar with ancient Hebrew language and culture and hence do not po...

In a recent article it is claimed that linguistic considerations support “the minimalist school” hypothesis that the bulk of the Biblical texts were thoroughly revised or even composed in Persian and/or Hellenistic times. Evaluating the validity of this theory, which runs counter to the basic concepts prevailing amongst linguists and philologists of the Hebrew Bible, the study is examined from different angles and is found to reveal grave deficiencies both on the factual and interpretative levels. Contrary to this theory, it is argued, on the basis of extra‐Biblical evidence, that linguistic considerations inevitably lead to the conclusion that texts written in Standard Biblical Hebrew most likely date to pre‐exilic times.

BACKGROUNDIn recent years, coaching has received special attention as a method to improve healthy lifestyle behaviours. The fact that coaching has found its way into healthcare and may provide new ways of engaging the patients and making them accountable for their health, justifies the need for an overview of the evidence regarding coaching interventions used in patient care, the effect of the interventions, and the quality of the studies published. However, in order to provide a clear definition of the coaching interventions selected for this review, we have found it necessary to distinguish between health coaching and life coaching. In this review, we will only focus on the latter method and on that basis assess the health related outcomes of life coaching.METHODSIntervention studies using quantitative or qualitative methods to evaluate the outcome of the life coach interventions were identified through systematic literature searches in PubMed, Embase, Psycinfo, and CINAHL. The quality of the methodology was independently assessed by three of the authors using a criteria list.RESULTSA total of 4359 citations were identified in the electronic search and five studies were included; two of them were randomized controlled trials and met all quality criteria. The two studies investigating objective health outcomes (HbA1c) showed mixed but promising results, especially concerning the patient group that usually does not benefit from intensified interventions.CONCLUSIONBecause of the very limited number of solid studies, this review can only present tendencies for patient outcomes and a preliminary description of an effective life coaching intervention.The coaching method used in these studies aims to improve self-efficacy and self-empowerment. This may explain why the studies including disadvantaged patients showed the most convincing results. The findings also indicate that some patients benefit from being met with an alternative approach and a different type of communication than they are used to from health care personnel.In order to get a closer look at what is in the ‘black box’, we suggest that the description and categorisation of the coaching methods are described more comprehensively, and that research into this area is supplemented by a more qualitative approach.

De større rabbinsk hebraiske grammatikker hævder at den bestemte artikel - i modsætning til i andre sporg - kan bruges ved ord som ikke er bestemte/ determinerede. Dette er dog en misforståelse. Når moderne forskning i bestemthed/determination inddrages, er det klart at den bestemte artikel i rabbinsk hebraisk, som i andre sprog, kun bruges ved determinerede ord.

Zechariah 1-8 is an important text from the point of view of the history of the Hebrew language. Everyone can agree that it is post-exilic, and yet there are only a few traces of Late Biblical Hebrew in these chapters. In this regard it equals many Early Biblical Hebrew texts. The article examines the language of Zechariah 1-8 and compares it to Early Biblical Hebrew. It finds that Zechariah 1-8 exhibits a number of traits characteristic of Early Biblical Hebrew and rare in Late Biblical Hebrew. Holding this fact together with the absence of any significant Late Biblical Hebrew features, the article concludes that the text is an Early Biblical Hebrew text. If correct, this means that knowledge of Early Biblical Hebrew did not end with the Exile and raises the question of how long this knowledge lasted.